高级英语之前过了，这门课我没有用任何辅导材料，一直在看教材。个人感觉背课文太累，时间也来不及。因为这门课考完很久，有些已经记不清，所以我只能回忆个大概，高级英语中考到课文内容的主要有选择题、选词填空和最后的翻译题。选择题虽然不是直接摘自课文，但几个选项中出现的词都是课文中出现过的，只要理解课文内容，对一些重要词汇熟悉，选择题的问题不大；选词填空直接摘自课文，并且只要填字母，因此只要看过课文，对课文有个大致的印象，这题也不难；翻译题我印象中几乎是课文里有的，如果对课文内容不熟悉，可以用自己的方式去表达。自考高级英语中的阅读题是课外的，重在平时的课外积累。高级英语的课文有一定的难度，因此学这门课之前最好有一定的英语基础，否则理解起来会很困难。网上有课文的音频和翻译，多花时间去准备，考试一般都能通过的。
1.Maybe I don't love you,just the feeling of love.2.A lot of people said it to me.3.I really want to protect you,but I can't stay with you,5.Thank you for your memory and happy to me.6.I have a lot of friends,I can enjoy happy days without love.中学生的能力，不具权威，只供参考！
1、在翻译高级英语句子时，有多个代词要使用删减法；遇到固定的句型要找到相应的中文译法；要注意句子中的主被动时态的转换；学会分析句子的基本成分，抓住主干，再填充修饰的成分。 2、拆分法。当然，英译汉的时候，就要采取完全相反的战术——拆分法，即把一个长难句细细拆分为一个个小短句、简单句，并适当补充词语，是句子通顺。最后，注意还需要按照汉语习惯调整语序，达到不仅能看懂而且不拗口的目标。 3、省略翻译法。要求把不符合汉语，或者英语的表达的方式、思维的习惯或者语言的习惯的部分删去，以免使所翻译出的句子沉杂累赘。
高等教育自学考试
自考英语翻译题复习备考技巧 一、重点把握书上的内容 考试是以书本的知识为主要依据，特别是书的一些重点篇目。本书多年以来的考试侧重点在经济、政治、法律、科技、文化这样几个主题上，一般来说，文学的两个单元考试的内容最少，但是这两个单元每年也都是有题的。所以，如果在没有时间再复习其他单元的情况下，还是以经济，政治，法律这三个单元为重点突破口，包括书上的课文和练习，以及练习册上的练习。 二、紧跟考点制定复习策略 把书上的东西完全弄懂，技巧掌握一些，课外的翻译适当的训练，积极认真准备词汇，这样这门考试肯定可以通过。词汇和结构谁更重要?其实真正的翻译考试是重在语法和结构，但是近两年以来的考试，大家可以发现有点类似于高级英语当中词义辨析，而且结构题越来越少。这个重大转变一定要牢记在心。 三、灵活的处理课外考点 其实这是一个老生常谈的事情，以前显得没有这么重要，原因在于课外的内容特别少，但是这两年随着课外知识的越来越多，让大家也是很头疼。我想只要大家能把书上的内容弄得特别清楚，那么一般的翻译文章都不会有书上的那么难。而且一二两大题都是选择题，这其中又有很多的技巧可言。书上的翻译原句中多含有两个以上的考点，但是课外的句子一般只有一个考点，而且这种考点无非就是词汇意思的掌握和简单的句与句之间的联系。而句与句之间的关系我曾经说过就是时间、原因、并列、让步这几个，不会再难了。第三题的词汇翻译都是集中在政治，经济，文化，法律和环保这几个领域中的。 所以大家在看课后的一些专有名词的时候需要格外的关注，而且两年以来政治词汇考得特别多，今年会不会还考这些词很难说。自考/成考有疑问、不知道如何总结自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考报名当地政策，点击底部咨询官网，免费领取复习资料：
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了英语二自考教材翻译题型，2015英语二新题型翻译的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！自考本科中的英语2难吗？有一定难度，自考英语二应该与大专的英语水平相当，比大学英语四级稍微简单一些。英语二是自考本科必考的科目，只有通过英语二才能拿到学位证书。自考需要很好很强大的自学能力和理解能力，需要很强悍的毅力，自考有主考院校，不是像高考一样，主要院校是固定的，是发给你毕业证的学校。考试要求：1、是词汇约3800个(其中中学阶段所学词汇1600个)，词组约750个，阅读量为50000余词。2、是对语法的整个体系(词法和句法)有比较清晰的概念，掌握词形变化规则，了解词和词组在句子中的作用、句子和分句的结构和功能并能在阅读和汉译英中实际运用。3、是阅读能力上要求能读懂与所学教材最后一册课文难易程度相当的一般性材料。阅读生词不超过总词数3%的材料，阅读速度要达到70词/分钟，理解正确率在70%以上。4、是能把结构不太复杂的句子译成英语。5、是虽没有听力和写作，但是有专门的语法和词汇题型。考试题型：英语二满分为100分，题型有：阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意及补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文和短文写作，共七个大题。1、阅读判断阅读判断是试卷的第一题，会给你一个短文，根据文章内容对每个句子做出判断。做这个题目的重点是抓住关键词，根据文章内容作为答题依据。2、阅读选择阅读选择不是简单的判断对错，而是从4个选项中挑选出最佳选项，这种属于细节题。3、概括段落大意及补全句子概括段落大意是根据段落的意思，选择符合句意的词语。其中要非常注意段落的主题，做题时可先快速浏览一下文章，大致清楚文章讲的主旨是什么，再看选项。补全句子是需要从六个选项中选择五个选项填入对应句子，将其补全。这个的考点其实也非常固定化，一般是六种。4、填句补文这个是将六个句子选项填入短文中的五处空白从而让短文恢复原貌。尤其要注意空格前后的信息和关键词。即使读不懂文章，也要能看懂特殊的关联词，搞清楚带有转承关系的句子以及特殊标点的句子。5、填词补文这个题型对大家的词汇量要求比较高，尤其是词性的把握。最好在做题前先分析每一填空所需词汇的词性，到底是名词、动词、形容词还是副词，哪怕你看不懂文章也可以帮你快速排除错误答案。6、完形补文这个很像完形填空，根据上下文，填写单词的正确形式，进而补全文章，这里就涉及到语法知识了，如果语法薄弱的话，需要具体补一补了。7、短文写作作文写作字数一般要求在100词左右。根据指定的话题完成写作任务。要想作文得高分，考前大量作文模版的背诵是必不可少了。2016自考英语二有哪些题型，分值多少？2016自考英语二有以下题型：选择题非选择题。扩展资料：参加全国高等教育自学考试，且选择的是英语专业，简称为自考英语。本专业培养具有扎实的英语语言基础和比较广泛的科学文化知识，能在外事、经贸、文化、新闻出版、教育、科研、旅游等部门从事翻译、研究、教学、管理工作的英语高级专门人才。考生可以到市、县(区)自学考试办公室指定报名报考点报名报考，也可通过互联网或电话报名报考。首次参加自学考试的新生须先办理报名手续，然后才可办理报考手续。旧生在每次考试前只须按规定时间办理报考手续。四川2014年一月自考英语2有哪些题型？四川2014年一月自考英自考英语二，从去年改版后，出现两种版本的全国卷，一种是有单词拼写和英译汉，一种是没有单词拼写但是有作文。原自考英语考试题型：1、单项选择题10题，10分2、阅读理解15题，30分3、完形填空10题，10分4、词形变换20题，10分5、汉译英5题，15分6、英译汉1题，15分2013年10月自考英语题型调整为1、阅读判断10题，10分该项实则为判断题，正确选A，错误选B，没有提及选C，所以永远没有D选项哦2、阅读理解5题，10分该项大家都很熟悉，但较之以往考试，分值大大降低3、概况段落大意和补全句子10题，10分4、填句补文5题，10分5、填词补文10题，15分6、完型补文10题，15分，相当于之前的完形填空7、作文30分山东自考英语二课文翻译打开手机浏览器，输入爱问手机版地址在页面上就可以看见爱问知识人手机版的链接。点击进入后，使用您在爱问知识人的用户名和密码，就可以登录并提交问题和回答了。您也可以在手机浏览器地址栏直接输入进入爱问知识人手机版。自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
自考综合英语二译文怎么学？自考综合英语二译文不可能在短期内突破，所以在平时大家需要多重视和学习一些翻译技巧，建议大家还可以在考试前能进行一些新翻译材料实践。对报考要求和院校专业有任何疑问，招生老师在线免费咨询：自考英语翻译复习技巧1、熟练掌握书本内容首先大家需要对教材中的内容很熟悉，特别是书的一些重点篇目。一般来说，文学的两个单元考试的内容最少，但是这两个单元每年也都是有题的。所以，如果在没有时间再复习其他单元的情况下，还是以经济，政治，法律这三个单元为重点突破口，包括书上的课文和练习，以及练习册上的练习。2、掌握一定翻译技巧翻译是一门需要大量实践的课程，不可能在短期内突破，所以在平时大家需要多重视和学习一些翻译技巧，建议大家还可以在考试前能进行一些新翻译材料实践。3、灵活处理课外考点在复习中大家不仅要掌握书本知识，对于课外的知识也需要一定的积累。自考英语科目考试的词汇翻译大多集中在政治，经济，文化，法律和环保这几个领域中，因此考生在平时可以经常关注一些政治经济的新闻和时政要闻，积累课外知识点。4、制定合理复习策略综合以上几点，大家对于英语翻译的复习工作是比较杂的，因此大家需要制定一个合理的复习计划，而且一定要紧跟考点制定复习策略，把书上的东西完全弄懂，技巧掌握一些，课外的翻译适当的训练，积极认真准备词汇，这样这门考试肯定可以通过。自考/成人高考有疑问、不知道如何选择主考院校及专业、不清楚自考/成考当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费领取复习资料：
1.或许爱上的不是你，而是恋爱的感觉罢了. Maybe I didin't fall in love with you, it is just the feeling of being in love2.许多人都这样对我说 Many people told me this.3.我很想保护你，但是又无法在你身边，或许我们只是有缘无份. I want to protect you, but I can't stay beside you. Maybe we are not destine to be.4.爱情对我来说，只是麻醉剂. To me, love is just Anesthetic5.感谢你曾经给我的回忆和快乐. Thank you for all the memories and happiness that you brought to me6.我有了很多朋友，缺少了爱情我想我也可以活得很快乐. I have many friends, even without love I think I can also be happy.7.我想你会对我说：对不起，我不是有意伤害你的. 不，在爱情上不存在谁对得起谁，谁对不起谁，更没有对错. I think you will say to me: I am sorry, I didn't meant to hurt you.No, in love there is no such thing as who is not sorry for who, who is sorry for who, there is no wrong or right.8.你知道么？我可以因为你的一句话，一个动作.开心一整天，、. Do you know? Because of you every word and every movement I can be happy all day9.爱得死去活来，反而把自己变得渺小. When fall in love too deeply, oneself will seem insignificant10.放过你，也就是放过自己..Maybe letting you go is also letting myself go...
加QQ:54881039 有题有答案
做题！！做阅读！！做阅读英语提高最快~~还有听英语，无论能不能听懂就听着，慢慢就懂了，语感都是这么出来的~~
高级英语学习宗旨高级英语学习的重点已从基本的英语语音，词汇，语法的掌握上升到：一、 阅读理解及词汇应用：能够区分、应用同、近义词；很好地理解文章的主题与内容。二、 提高英语的表达能力：学员应能用英语解释英语难句，进行有一定难度的英汉互译，用英语对文章内容进行归纳，并对文章进行简要的分析、评论。高级英语学习方法学习时应该注意下列一些方面：首先，牢记教材是根本。以前，教材单调，教辅条件简陋，照样培养出学贯东西的语言大师来。现在英语读物多了，时尚的学习工具多了，英语并没有变得容易学了。究其原因是人们的心态变了，变得浮躁了。对什么都这山望着那山高，今天这个时髦得学习方法，明天那本最新教材。殊不知一切方法都建立在一定的基础上的，一个人的兴趣、悟性、修行没有到达那个层面，再美好的东西跟你也是无缘。而且从高级英语考试大纲规定来看，以教材为本这一思想也是显而易见的，试卷中60%分值的题目都是根据教材中课文内容设计的。也许有人会说，这岂不是说要死读书不成。我们学习英语不是要提高交际能力，提高听、说能力吗？试问没有一定词汇量的积累，一定的句法结构，一定的语法水平，你如何张嘴，如何听懂别人说的话。不要用任何借口放弃（或说逃避）对教材学习应该付出的那份心血和艰辛。其次，要培养自己对教材中三十二篇课文的兴趣和热爱。这些课文不但是帮助我们学好英文语言知识，而且帮助我们学到很多为人处世的道理。从“Rock Superstars： What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society”，我们知道：摇滚乐是‘一种社会心理的表现’； ‘Rock is the music of teenage rebellion’； ‘By a man’s heroes ye shall know him.‘从“The Trouble with Television”， 我们可以看出电视对社会和文化的负面影响：人们的注意力下降，读写能力出现危机等。从 “On Human Nature and Politics” ， 我们知道从事政治活动的人有四个动机，那就是：占有欲，竞争欲，虚荣心及权利欲。（这里只举三篇课文为例）通过精读、熟记这些课文，我们不但可以扩大词汇量、掌握许多句型结构，而且在与他人交谈时不再是只会一点‘乒乓英语’ —— 几个来回，‘短平快’就说不下去了，而是能够使自己说的话既有深度，又有广度，同时有能通过《高级英语》自学考试。以后，我们谈到摇滚不只会说‘闹心’，谈到电视只会说‘费时’，谈到国际政治只会说‘虚伪’，而是可以做到探讨每一个话题的多个方面。这样一举多得的事何乐而不为呢？
持之以恒，我自考英语专业的，学了三年多。
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考高级英语教材课文，自考高级英语上册课文翻译的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！自学考试高级英语课文翻译去买辅导书吧 每个地方基本上都有专门卖自考辅导书的。网上找好像不太容易吧。跪求自考高级英语 一二册的MP3自己看书乏力，一打开课本就想睡觉的同学。2、多次考试均没有考过，对课本知识点掌握不牢固的同学。3、由于自己工作时间长没有太多的时间进行复习的同学。4、想一次性通过，想本次考试提高20分以及以上的同学所有讲座都是目前现在教材所能适应的音频课件，音频可以放在MP3、MP4播放器、手机、电脑或其他工具上学习。没有地理位置限制，没有时间限制。何时何地，想听就听，想学就学。所有的音频都是一章一节的详细讲解。课程不受时间和地点的制约，你可以在上班的路上，休息的时间，茶余饭后之时来学习。只要你有可随身携带的音乐播放器就行，根本不用去到辅导班去上课，你就可以完成你的学业。有助于缩短你的考试时间，尽早毕业！！扣抠宜二宜骑旧骑流气旧最主要是和教材相匹配的···山东自考英语二课文翻译打开手机浏览器，输入爱问手机版地址在页面上就可以看见爱问知识人手机版的链接。点击进入后，使用您在爱问知识人的用户名和密码，就可以登录并提交问题和回答了。您也可以在手机浏览器地址栏直接输入进入爱问知识人手机版。山东的步步高家教机步步高家教机H8或更新的，里面有英语教材的课文?能刷机的，只要有新的版本出来你就可以去刷机。自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
你也是自考生吗？我的高级英语去年就考过了，当时也没怎么看书，只是把两本书的练习题看了一下，没想到课后的练习题很实用，考试的时候好多都是书上的。我在没考试的时候也在担心填单词的部分，因为如果对书本不理解的话，这项题目根本很难拿到分，还好我把书过了一遍，确切的说只是把上册过了一遍，后来自己就买了一本试卷做，这样复习起来就很有方向，还有就是在考试前你可以把你的试卷拿出来再看一遍，很有用的，平时注意积累，不会很难的。相信我，加油。。
自考说难也难，说简单也简单，自考的范围就是整本书，如果你能够把整本书看熟，基本考试不会有问题。就说你考英语，单词范围肯定是书上有的，而且很多题目应该都是书上的练习题里出现过。如果你有参加自考培训，你们的老师应该也会给出高频词汇什么的范围的，所以，把重点还是放在你的教材上，然后祝你好运 O(∩_∩)O
1.Maybe I don't love you,just the feeling of love.2.A lot of people said it to me.3.I really want to protect you,but I can't stay with you,5.Thank you for your memory and happy to me.6.I have a lot of friends,I can enjoy happy days without love.中学生的能力，不具权威，只供参考！
lesson8-10 人生的一课 快一年了，大部分时间我都泡在家里、店铺、学校和教堂里，就像一块旧饼干，又脏又难以下咽。 For nearly a year， I sopped around the house， the Store， the school and the church， like an old biscuit， dirty and inedible. 这时我遇到或者说认识了抛给我第一根救生索的那位夫人。 Then I met， or rather got to know， the lady who threw me first lifeline. 波萨？弗劳尔斯夫人是斯坦普司黑人区中的出类拔萃的人物。 Mrs. Bertha Flowers was the aristocrat of Black Stamps. 她动作优雅，即使在最冷的天气里也不缩手缩脚，而在阿肯色州的夏日里，她似乎又有属于自己的微风环绕在她的身旁，给她带来凉爽。 She had the grace of control to appear warm in the coldest weather， and one the Arkansas summer days it seemed she had a private breeze which swirled around， cooling her. 她的皮肤深黑迷人，如果被挂住就会像李子皮一样剥落，但没有人敢离她近点，碰皱她的衣服，更不要说挂住她的皮肤了。 Her skin was a rich black that would have peeled like a plum if snagged， but then no one would have thought of getting close enough to Mrs. Flowers to ruffle her dress， let alone snag her skin. 她不太喜欢亲近，另外她还带着手套。 She didn't encourage familiarity. She wore gloves too. 她是我所知道的为数不多的有气质的女士之一，并且是我做人的楷模，影响了我一生。 She was one of the few gentlewomen I have ever known， and has remained throughout my life the measure of what a human being can be. 我被她深深地吸引，因为她像是我从没有亲身遇到过的那些人。 She appealed to me because she was like people I had never met personally. 她就像英国小说中的女人，走在沼泽地里（不管是什么地方），一群忠实的狗奔跑在她们的身旁，并与她们保持一定的距离以示尊敬。 Like women in English novels who walked the moors （whatever they were） with their loyal dogs racing at a respectful distance. 她就像坐在炉火熊熊的壁炉前的女人，不时从装满蛋糕和松脆饼的银盘中取东西喝。 Like the women who sat in front of roaring fireplaces， drinking tea incessantly from silver trays full of scones and crumpets. 她就像走在“石南丛生的荒野”中，读着用摩洛哥山羊皮装订的书的那些女人，而且有用连字符隔开的两个姓。 Women who walked over the “heath” and read morocco-bound books and had two last names divided by a hyphen. 可以肯定地说，是她本人使我为自己是个黑人而感到骄傲。 It would be safe to say that she made me proud to be Negro， just by being herself. 那个在我的记忆中如甜奶般鲜活的夏日的午后，她来我们的店里买东西。 One summer afternoon， sweet-milk fresh in my memory， she stopped at the Store to buy provisions. 换了另外一个同她身体情况和年龄相当的黑人妇女就会一只手把纸袋拎回家去，但奶奶却说，“弗劳尔斯大姐，让贝利帮你把东西送回家去。” Another Negro woman of her health and age would have been expected to carry the paper sacks home in one hand， but Momma said， “Sister Flowers， I'll send Bai-ley up to your house with these things.” “谢谢您，汉德森夫人。但我想让玛格丽特帮我送回去。” “Thank you， Mrs. Henderson. I'd prefer Marguerite， though.” 她说我名字时，我的名字也变得动听起来。 My name was beautiful when she said it. “反正我一直想跟她谈一谈。”她们互相对视了一下，其间的意思只有她们这些同龄人才明白。 “I've been mean-ins to talk to her， anyway.” They gave each other agegroup looks. 在石头路旁有一条小路，弗劳尔斯夫人在前面摆动着胳膊，在碎石路上小心地走着。 There was a little path beside the rocky road， and Mrs. Flowers walked in front swinging her arms and picking her way over the stones. 她没有回头，对我说，“听说你在学校里功课很好，玛格丽特，但那都是笔头作业。老师说他们很难让你在课堂上发言。” She said， without turning her head， to me， “I hear you're doing very good school work， Marguerite， but that it's all written. The teachers report that they have trouble getting you to talk in class. 我们走过左边三角形的农场，路变宽了，可以允许我们并排走在一起。但我畏缩地走在后面，想着那些没有问出口也无法回答的问题。 We passed the triangular farm on our left and the path widened to allow us to walk together. I hung back in the separate unasked and unanswerable questions. “过来和我一起走，玛格丽特。”我无法拒绝，尽管我很想。 “Come and walk along with me， Marguerite.” I couldn't have refused even if I wanted to. 她把我的名字叫得如此动听。或者更确切地说，她把每个词都说得这样清晰，我相信就是一个不懂英语的外国人也能听懂她的话。 She pronounced my name so nicely. Or more correctly， she spoke each word with such clarity that I was certain a foreigner who didn't understand English could have understood her. “现在没有人要强迫你说话——恐怕也没人能做到这一点。但是你记住，语言是人类进行沟通的方式，是语言将人类同低等动物区分开来。” “Now no one is going to make you talk —possibly no one can. But bear in mind， language is man's way of communicating with his fellow man and it is language alone which separates him from the lower animals.” 这对我来说是一个全新的观点，我需要些时间认真考虑一下。 That was a totally new idea to me， and I would need time to think about it. “你奶奶说你读了很多书，一有机会就读。这很好，但还不够好，言语的含义不仅是写在纸上的那点。它需要人的声音赋予它深层含义的细微差别。” “Your grandmother says you read a lot. Every chance you get. That's good， but not good enough. Words mean more than what is set down on paper. It takes the human voice to infuse them with the shades of deeper meaning. ” 我记住了有关声音赋予言语更多内涵的话。这些话听起来是那么正确，那么富有诗意。 I memorized the part about the human voice infusing words. It seemed so valid and poetic. 她说她要给我一些书，要我不仅阅读这些书，还要大声朗读。 She said she was going to give me some books and that I not only must read them， I must read them aloud. 她建议我用尽可能丰富的语调去读每一句话。 She suggested that i try to make a sentence sound in as many different ways as possible. “如果你草草读完这些书就还给我的话，我不接受任何理由。” “I'll accept no excuse if you return a book to me that has been badly handled.” 我想像不出如果我真的没有认真读弗劳尔斯夫人的某一本书，将会受到怎样的惩罚。让我去死恐怕是太仁慈太干脆了。 My imagination boggled at the punishment I would deserve if in fact I did abuse a book of Mrs. Flowers'。 Death would be too kind and brief. 房子里的气味让我有点吃惊。 The odors in the house surprised me. 不知什么缘故，我从来没有将弗劳尔斯夫人与食物、吃饭或是平常人的琐事联系起来。 Somehow I had never connected Mrs. Flowers with food or eating or any other common experience of common people. 那里一定也有户外厕所，但我一点也记不起来了。 There must have been an outhouse， too， but my mind never recorded it. 她打开门，香草的芬芳迎面扑来。 The sweet scent of vanilla had met us as she opened the door. “今天早上我做了些茶点。你瞧，我早打算好要请你来吃点心、柠檬水，这样我们就可以聊一会了。柠檬水正放在冰盒子里呢。” “I made tea cookies this morning. You see， I had planned to invite you for cookies and lemonade so we could have this little chat. The lemonade is in the icebox.” 这意味着弗劳尔斯夫人平时也买冰，而镇上大多数人家只是在星期六下午才买冰，放在木头做的冰淇凌冷藏机内，整个夏天也不过只买几次。 It followed that Mrs. Flowers would have ice on an ordinary day， when most families in our town bought ice late on Saturdays only a few times during the summer to be used in the wooden ice-cream freezers. “坐吧，玛格丽特，坐到那边桌子旁。” “Have a seat， Marguerite. Over there by the table.” 她端着一个用茶布盖着的盘。 She carried a platter covered with a tea towel. 尽管她事先说过她已经好久没有做点心了，我还是相信就像她的其他任何东西一样，点心也会十分精美可口。 Although she warned that she hadn't tried her hand at baking sweets for some time， I was certain that like everything else about her the cookies would be perfect. 我吃点心的时候，她开始给我讲我们后来称之为“我生活中的一课”的第一部分。 As I ate she began the first of what we later called “my lesson in living.” 她告诉我不能宽容无知，但可以理解文盲。 She said that must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy. 她认为有些人虽然没有上过学，但却比大学教授更有知识，甚至更聪明。 That some people， unable to go to school， were more educated and even more intelligent than college professors. 她还鼓励我认真倾听被乡下人称为常识的一些俗语。她说这些朴实谚语是一代代人集体智慧的结晶。 She encouraged me to listen carefully to what country people called mother wit. That in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations 我吃完点心后，她把桌子打扫干净，从书架上拿了一本又厚又小的书。 When I finished the cookies she brushed off the table and brought a thick， small book from the bookcase. 我读过《双城记》，认为这本书符合我心目中浪漫主义小说的标准。 I had read A Tale of Two Cities and found it up to my standards as a romantic novel. 她翻开第一页，于是我平生第一次听到了诗朗诵。 She opened the first page and I heard poetry for the first time in my life. “这是最辉煌的时代也是最糟糕的时代……”她的声音圆润，随着言语的起伏而抑扬顿挫，就像在唱歌一样。 “It was the best of times and the worst of times. . .” Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. 我想看一下她读的是否真的和我过去看的一样？ I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read？ 还是像赞美诗一样，书页上满是音符？ Or were there notes， music， lined on the pages， as in a hymn book？ 她的声音开始慢慢低沉下来。 Her sounds began cascading gently. 我听过很多次布道，因此我知道她的朗诵就要结束了，但我还没有真正听见或听懂一个词。 I knew from listening to a thousand preachers that she was nearing the end of her reading， and I hadn't really heard， heard to understand， a single word. “你觉得怎么样？” “How do you like that？” 我这才意识到她在期待我的回答。 It occurred to me that she expected a response. 我的舌间还留有香草的余味，她的朗诵对我来说很奇妙。 The sweet vanilla flavor was still on my tongue and her reading was a wonder in my ears. 我得说点什么了。 I had to speak. 我说：“是的，夫人。”我至少得说这些，我也只能说这些。 I said， “Yea， ma'am.” It was the least I could do， but it was the most also. “还有一件事。你把这本诗集拿去，背下其中的一首。下次你再来看我时，我希望你背诵给我听。” 'There s one more thing. Take this book of poems and memorize one for me. Next time you pay me a visit， I want you to recite.“ 在经历了成年后的复杂生活后，我多次试图弄清楚为什么当年她送给我的礼物一下子就让我陶醉了。 I have tried often to search behind the sophistication of years for the enchantment I so easily found in those gifts. 书中的内容已经忘却，但余韵仍存。 The essence escapes but its aura remains. 被准许，不，是被邀请进入一群陌生人的私人生活中，与他们共同分享喜悦和恐惧，这使我读贝奥武夫时就犹如喝一杯蜜酒，读奥立佛？特威斯特时，犹如饮一杯热奶茶，忘记了那犹如南方苦艾酒般的痛苦经历。 To be allowed， no， invited， into the private lives of strangers， and to share their joys and fears， was a chance to exchange the Southern bitter wormwood for a cup of mead with Be-owulf or a hot cup of tea and milk with Oliver Twist. 当我大声地说“这比我做过的任何一件事都好得多”时，我眼中涌出了爱的泪水，那是为了自己的忘我 When I said aloud， “It is a far， far better thing that I do， than I have ever done…” tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness. 在我第一次去她家回来，我跑下山去冲到马路上（路上很少有车经过），快到店铺时我还居然没忘了停下来。 On that first day， I ran down the hill and into the road （few cars ever came along it） and had the good sense to stop running before I reached the Store. 有人喜欢我，这是多么的不同啊。 was liked， and what a difference it made. 有人尊敬我，并不是因为我是汉德森夫人的外孙女或是贝利的妹妹，而是因为我是玛格丽特？约翰逊。 I was respected not as Mrs. Henderson's grandchild or Bailey's sister but for just being Marguerite Johnson. 孩提时的逻辑永远不需要证实（所有的结论都是绝对的）。 Childhood's logic never asks to be proved （all conclusions are absolute）。 我从来没有想过为什么弗劳尔斯夫人会选中我来表示关怀，也从来没想过也许是奶奶曾请求她开导我一下。 1 didn't question why Mrs. Flowers had singled me out for attention， nor did it occur to me that Momma might have asked her to give me a little talking to. 我只关心她曾给我做点心吃，还给我读她最喜欢的书。这些足以证明她喜欢我 All I cared about was that she had made tea cookies for me and read to me from her favorite book. It was enough to prove that she liked me. 奶奶和贝利在店铺里等我。 Momma and Bailey were waiting inside the Store. 他问：“她给了你什么？”他已经看到那些书了，但我把装着他那份点心的纸袋放在怀里，用诗集挡住。 He said. “My， what did she give you？” He had seen the books， but I held the paper sack with his cookies in my arms shielded by the poems. 奶奶说：“小姐，我知道你的举止像位女士。 Momma said， “Sister， I know you acted like a little lady. That do my heart good to see settled people take to you all. 我已经尽努力了，上帝知道，但这些天……“她的声音低下来，”快去把衣服换了。 I'm trying my best， the Lord knows， but these days…“ Her voice trailed off. ”Go on in and change your dress.
第十个人 Lesson Ten The Tenth Man 就在第二天下午3点（闹钟上的时间），一个军官走进了牢房。这是他们几星期以来见到的第一位军官。他非常年轻，甚至小胡子的形状也显示出他不够老练，左边的胡子剃得重了点。 It was at three the next afternoon （alarm clock time） that an officer entered the cell； the first officer they had seen for weeks – and this one was very young， with inexperience even in the shape of his mustache which he had shaved too much on the left side. 他就像一个初次登台领奖的小学生一样窘迫不安，他说起话来粗鲁无礼，似乎要显示一种他并不具备的力量。 He was as embarrassed as a schoolboy making his first entry on a stage at a prize-giving， and he spoke abruptly so as to give the impression of a strength he did not possess. 他说道：“昨天夜间城里发生了几起谋杀，一名军事长官的副手、一位中士和一个骑自行车的女孩被杀。”他又说道：“我们不在乎女孩的死。法国男人杀死法国女人不关我们的事。” He said， “There were murders last night in the town. The aide-de-camp of the military governor， a sergeant and a girl on a bicycle.” He added， “We don't complain about the girl. Frenchmen have our permission to kill Frenchwomen.” 很明显他事先仔细斟酌了他的讲话，但他的嘲弄做过了头，他的表演也很业余。 He had obviously thought up his speech carefully beforehand， but the irony was overdone and the delivery that of an amateur actor： 整个场面就像手势字谜游戏那样矫饰做作。 the whole scene was as unreal as a charade. 他接着说道：“你们知道自己为什么来这里，你们在这里好吃好喝，过着舒适的日子，而我们的人却在工作和战斗。不过现在你们必须付出代价了。不要怪我们，要怪你们自己的杀人凶手。我的命令是集中营里每十个人要有一个被枪决。你们有多少人？”“报数。”他厉声喝道人们闷闷不乐地照办了。“28，29，30.”人们知道不用数他也知道人数，这不过是他玩的把戏中不可省略的一句台词…… He said， “You know what you are here for， living comfortably， on fine rations， while our men work and fight. Well， now you've got to pay the hotel bill. Don't blame us. Blame your own murderers. My orders are that one man in every ten shall be shot in this camp. How many of you are there？” He shouted sharply， “Number off，” and sullenly they obeyed， “…… twenty-eight， twenty-nine， thirty.” They knew he knew without counting. This was just a line in his charade he couldn't sacrifice. 他说道：“那么，你们的名额是三个，我们并不关心是哪三个人。你们可以自己选择。死刑于明天早上7点执行。” He said， “Your allotment then is three. We are quite indifferent as to which three. You can choose for yourselves. The funeral rites will begin at seven tomorrow morning.” 他玩的把戏结束了，人们可以听到他的脚步响亮地敲击着沥青路渐渐远去。 The charade was over： they could hear his feet striking sharply on the asphalt going away. 查维尔忽然很想知道他打的手势是什么字。要他们猜的是不是“夜间”，“姑娘”，“旁边”或“30”。不，不是。谜底肯定是“人质”。 Chavel wondered for a moment what syllable had been acted —“night，”“girl，”“aside，” or perhaps “thirty，” but it was of course the whole word—“hostage. ” 牢房里很长时间没人说话。后来一个叫克拉夫的阿尔萨斯人开口道：“好了，我们有人自愿吗？” The silence went on a long time， and then a man called Krogh， an Alsatian， said， “Well， do we have to volunteer？” “废话。”一个职员说道。他是一个上了年纪的戴着夹鼻眼镜的老头。他接着说道：“没人会自愿，我们必须抽签。除非有人认为应按年龄决定——最老的先死。” “Rubbish，” said one of the clerks， a thin elderly man in pince-nez， “nobody will volunteer. We must draw lots.” He added， “Un-less it is thought that we should go by ages —the oldest first. ” “不，不行。”另一个人说道，“那不公平。” “No， no，” one of the others said， “that would be unjust. ” “这是自然规律。” “It's the way of nature.” “那算什么自然规律。”又一个人说道，“我有个女儿，5岁时就死了。” “Not even the way of nature，” another said. “1 had a child who died when she was five……” “我们必须抽签。”市长坚定地说。 “We must draw lots，” the mayor said firmly. “只有这样才公正。”他坐在那里，双手依然紧贴在肚子上，遮挡着他的怀表，但是整个牢房里都能听见怀表清脆的滴答声。 “It is the only fair thing.” He sat with his hands still pressed over his stomach， hiding his watch， but all through the cell you could hear its blunt tick lock tick. 他接着又说道：“由未婚者抽签，已婚者除外，他们有责任。” He added， “On the unmarried. The married should not be included. They have responsibilities… “哈，哈！”皮埃尔说道，“我们明白了。为什么已婚者就应逃脱？他们的事儿已经做完了。当然，你结婚了吧？” “Ha， ha，” Pierre said， “we see through that. Why should the married get off？ Their work's finished. You， of course， are married？” “我的妻子不在了。”市长说，“我现在是未婚，你呢？” “I have lost my wife，” the mayor said， “I am not married now. And you…” “结了。”皮埃尔答道。 “Married，” Pierre said. 市长开始解下怀表。发现皮埃尔处境安全，他似乎更坚信作为怀表的主人自己必定是下一个牺牲者。 The mayor began to undo his watch； the discovery that his rival was safe seemed to confirm his belief that as the owner of time he was bound to be the next victim. 他环顾了每一个人，然后选择了查维尔。也许是因为只有他穿着西服背心适合戴表链。他说道：“查维尔先生，我想让你替我拿着怀表，万一……” He looked from face to face and chose Chavel， perhaps because he was the only man with a waistcoat fit to take the chain. He said， “Monsieur Chavel， I want you to hold this watch for me in case…” “你找别人吧！”查维尔说，“我还没结婚呢。” “you'd better choose someone else，” Chavel said. “I am not married.” 那个老职员又开口了，“我结婚了，我有权说话。 The elderly clerk spoke again. He said， “I'm married. I've got the right to speak. 我们正把一切引向歧途。这不是我们最后一次抽签。如果这儿有一个特权阶层——那些最终将活着的人，大家想想，牢房里会是什么样子。你们其他人很快就会痛恨我们。你们害怕，而我们将不再担心。“ We are going the wrong way about all this. Everyone must draw lots. This isn't the last draw we shall have， and picture to yourselves what it will be like in this cell if we have a privileged class —the ones who are left to the end. The rest of you will soon begin to hate us. We shall be left out of your fear. . . “ “他说得对。”皮埃尔说。 “He's right，” Pierre said. 市长重新握紧了怀表，说道：“就照你们的主意办。要是能够这样征税的话……”他做了个绝望的手势。 The mayor refastened his watch. “Have it your own way，” he said. “But if the taxes were levied like this…” He gave a gesture of despair. “我们如何抽签？”克拉夫问道。 “How do we draw？” Krogh asked. 查维尔答道：“最快的办法就是从一只鞋里抽出画有记号的纸条。” Chavel said， “The quickest way would be to draw marked papers out of a shoe. . .” 克拉夫轻蔑地说：“那么快干吗？对于我们当中几个人来说这可是最后一次赌博了。我们蛮可以享受一番。我提议赌抛硬币。” Krogh said contemptuously， “Why the quickest way？ This is the last gamble some of us will have. We may as well enjoy it. I say a coin.” “这不好。”那个职员说，“抛硬币不是一个公平、合理的办法。” “It won't work，” the clerk said. “You can't get a even chance with a coin.” “惟一的办法就是抽签。”市长说道。 “The only way is to draw，” the mayor said. 职员开始为抽签做准备，为此他牺牲了一封家信。 The clerk prepared the draw， sacrificing for it one of his letters from home. 他很快地看了一遍信，然后把它撕成30张小纸条。 He read it rapidly for the last time， and then tore it into thirty pieces. 他用铅笔在其中三张上画上十字，然后把每张纸条都叠上。 On three pieces he made a cross in pencil， and then folded each piece. 他接着说：“克拉夫的鞋。”大家把纸条放在地下搅乱，然后装进了鞋子里。 “Krogh's got the biggest shoe，” he said. They shuffled the pieces on the floor and then dropped them into the shoe. “我们按姓氏的字母顺序抽签。”市长说。 “We'll draw in alphabetical order，” the mayor said. “从Z开始抽。”查维尔说道。他的安全感开始动摇了。他急切想喝点什么，用手指从嘴唇上撕下一小块干皮。 “Z first，” Chavel said. His feeling of security was shaken. He wanted a drink badly. He picked at a dry piece of skin on his lip. “就按你说的办。”卡车司机说道，“有人排在维尔森前面吗？我先抽。” “As you wish，” the lorry driver said. “Anybody beat Voisin？ Here goes. 他用手在鞋子里小心地掏，就像是要掏到他心里想要的那张。 “He thrust his hand into the shoe and made careful excavations as though he had one particular scrap of paper in mind. 他抽出一张，打开，怔怔地看着，然后说了声：“完了。”他坐下来，摸出一支香烟放到嘴里，却忘了点火。 He drew one out， opened it， and gazed at it with astonishment. He said， “This is it.” He sat down and felt for a cigarette， but when he got it between his lips he forgot to light it. 查维尔心中充满了巨大而又令他感到羞耻的快乐。 Chavel was filled with a huge and shameful joy. 看来自己得救了。剩下二十九个人抽签，而只有两张带有记号的纸条。 It seemed to him that already he was saved —twenty - nine men to draw and only two marked papers left. 抽中死签的可能性突然变得对他有利，从10比1变成了14比1.经营蔬菜水果的商人也抽了一张，然后漫不经心、毫无表情地示意自己平安无事。 The chances had suddenly grown in his favor from ten to one to—fourteen to one： the greengrocer had drawn a slip and indicated carelessly and without pleasure that he was safe. 的确，从抽第一张签时人们就忌讳任何喜形于色的表现，一个人不能以任何宽慰的举动去嘲弄注定要死的人。 Indeed from the first draw any mark of pleasure was taboo： one couldn't mock the condemned man by any sign of relief. 查维尔胸中有一种隐隐约约的不安——还不是恐惧，像是一种压抑感。 Again a dull disquiet —ii couldn't yet be described as a fear—exended its empire over Chavel's chest. 当第六个人抽到空白纸条时，他发现自己在打哈欠；当第十个人——就是大家称作雅维耶的那个人抽完签后，他的心中又充满了某中怨愤的情绪。现在抽中死签的机会同开始时一样了。 It was like a constriction： he found himself yawning as the sixth man drew a blank slip， and a sense of grievance nagged at his mind when the tenth man bad drawn—it was the one they called Janvier—and the chances were once again the same as when the draw started. 有的人抽出他们手指碰到的第一张纸条；有的人似乎怀疑命运企图将某一张纸条强加于他们，所以他们刚刚从鞋里抽出一张，就又扔回去，再另换一张。 Some men drew the first slip which touched their fingers； others seemed to suspect tha t fate was trying to force on them a particular slip and when they bad drawn one a little way from the shoe would let it drop again and choose another. 时间过得很慢，令人难以置信。那个叫做维尔森的人靠墙坐着，嘴里叼着仍未点燃的香烟，对一切都不再在意。 Time passed with incredible slowness， and the man called Voisin sat against the wall with the unlighted cigarette in his mouth paying them no attention at all. 就在生存的机会逐渐变小，抽中死签的可能性达到八分之一时，一个叫做勒诺特的上年纪的职员抽中了第二张死签。 The chances had narrowed to one in eight when the elderly clerk —his name was Lenotre—drew the second slip. 他清了清喉咙，戴上夹鼻眼镜，好像要确认自己没有看错。“喂，维尔森先生，我能加入吗？”他带着淡淡的微笑说道。 He cleared his throat and put on his pince-nez as though he had to make sure he was not mistaken. “Ah， Monsieur Voisin，” he said with a thin undecided smile， “May I join you？” 令人难以琢磨的机会再次以绝对对查维尔有利的优势朝他走来，抽中死签的可能性只有十五分之一，可他这次却没有丝毫欣慰，他被普通百姓所具有的勇气所震撼，他想让这一切尽快结束，就像一副扑克玩得太久了，他只希望有人离开牌桌，结束牌局。 This time Chavel felt no joy even though the elusive odds were back again overwhelmingly in his favor at fifteen to one； he was daunted by the courage of common men. He wanted the whole thing to be over as quickly as possible： like a game of cards which has gone on too long， he only wanted someone to make a move and break up the table. 勒诺特在维尔森身边靠墙坐下，他翻过纸条，背面是信中的一点内容，“是你妻子的？”维尔森问道。“是我女儿的。”勒诺特答道，“请原谅。”他起身走到自己的铺盖处，抽出一本便笺，回到维尔森身边开始写起来。他不慌不忙，认认真真地写下一串纤细而清晰的字迹。 。 Lenotre， sitting down against the wall next to Voisin， turned the slip over： on the back was a scrap of writing. Your-wife？“ Voisin said. “My daughter，” Lenotre said. “Excuse me.” He went over to his roll of bedding and drew out a writing pad. Then he sat down next to Voisin and began to write， carefully， without hurry， a thin legible hand. 这时中死签的概率又回到了10比1. The odds were back to ten to one. 从那时起，对查维尔来说，抽中死签的可能性似乎以一种不可避免的可怕趋势发生着变化。 From that point the odds seemed to move toward Chavel with a dreadful inevitability： 9比1，8比1，抽中死签的可能性好像指向了他。 nine to one， eight to one； they were like a pointing finger. 剩下的人抽得越来越快，越来越随便。 The men who were left drew more quickly and more carelessly： 在查维尔看来，他们似乎都知道了某种秘密，知道他会抽到死签。 they seemed to Chavel to have some inner information —to know that he was the one. 轮到他抽签时，只剩下了3张纸，留给他的机会这么少，在他看来真是不公平。 When his time came to draw there were only three slips left ， and it appeared to Chavel a monstrous injustice that there were so few choices left for him. 他从鞋中抽出一张，接着又认定这是同伴的意志强加给他的，一定有十字。于是他把它放回去，另抽了一张。 He drew one out of the shoe and then feeling certain that this one had been willed on him by his companions and contained the penciled cross he threw it back and snatched another. “律师，你偷看了。”剩下的两个人中有一个大声说道，但另一个让他安静下来。 “You looked， lawyer，” one of the two men exclaimed， but the other quieted him. “他没有偷看，他抽到的是有记号的。” “He didn't look. He's got the marked one now.” “不，不。”查维尔把纸条扔到地上，开始大叫：“我从来就没有同意，你们不能让我替别人去死。” “No，” Chavel said， “no.” He threw the slip upon the ground and cried， “I never consented to the draw. You can't make me die for the rest of you. . . ” 大家惊讶地看着他，但并没有敌意。 They watched him with astonishment but without enmity. 他是一个出身高贵的人。人们没有用自己的标准去衡量他，因为他属于一个别人难以理解的阶层。人们甚至没有把他的行为与胆怯联系起来。 He was a gentleman. They didn't judge him by their own standards： he belonged to an unaccountable class and they didn't at first even attach the idea of cowardice to his actions. “听我说，”查维尔一边哀求，一边举起那张纸条。大家既惊奇又好奇地看着他。“谁接受这张纸条，我就给他10万法郎。” “Listen，” Chavel implored them. He held out the slip of paper and they all watched him with compassionate curiosity. “I'll give a hundred thousand francs to anyone who'll take this.” 他快速移动着小步地从一个人面前走到另一个人面前，朝每一个人展示那张小纸条，好像是拍卖会上的服务员。 He took little rapid steps from one man to another， showing each man the bit of paper as if he were an attendant at an auction. “10万法郎。”他恳求道。人们感到震惊，同样又感到一丝怜悯：他是他们之中惟一的有钱人，这是与众不同之处。 “A hundred thousand francs，” he implored， and they watched him with a kind of shocked pity： he was the only rich man among them and this was a unique situation. 人们无法去比较，只能认定这就是他那个阶层的特点，这犹如一个在异国港口下船就餐的旅游者能从一个碰巧与他同桌的狡猾商人身上总结出该国的国民性格。 They had no means of comparison and assumed that this was a characteristic of his class， just as a traveler stepping off the liner at a foreign port for luncheon sums up a nation's character forever in the wily businessman who happens to share the table with him.