英语二的话看历年真题只是学习的一部分，平常也需要看一些词汇的重点资料包括语法英语最重要的是语法和单词，所以可以在这方面多下一些功夫，历年真题作为辅导，相信一定没什么问题的。以上是个人看法，加油了哦
全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. In its broad sense culture is ______ Whatever distinguishes man from the rest part of the world is culture. ()A. social organizations B. the features of the worldC. the attributes of man D. human development2. ______ is，perhaps，the best known subject in which the interaction between language，thought and culture is investigated. ()A. Nonverbal communication B. Intercultural communicationC. Verbal communication D. Translation3. Culture is a loan word from . ()A. French B. LatinC. Roman D. Norwegian4. “Greenhouse” in English and “温室” in Chinese differ in their ______ meaning. ()A. social B. conceptualC. thematic D. reflected5. ______ is a grammatical category of nouns in English，as illustrated by the simple sentence “We are students”. ()A. Person B. CaseC. Number D. Degree6. Westerners tend to be ______ thinkers. ()A. holistic B. subjectiveC. analytic D. objective7. When English speaking people part，they are expected to say“ ______”. ()A. It’s nice to have met you B. I am pleased to meet youC. Thank you very much D. You are welcome8. If a compliment comes to a westerner for his good Chinese，he would reply“______ ”. ()A. No. No. That’s not true B. Thank you for encouraging meC. Sorry，I can’t speaking Chinese well D. Thank you. I am glad to hear that9. ______ contain folk wisdom rather than scientific accuracy. ()A. Idioms B. MetaphorsC. Similes D. Proverbs10. The proverb “Carry coals to Newcastle” is related to ______. ()A. navigation B. geographyC. literature D. Christianity11. The English equivalent for “开某人的玩笑” or “捉弄某人” is “______ ”. ()A. to kid somebody’s brain B. to make one’s faceC. to get one’s hand D. to pull somebody’s leg12. The colour word “______” is associated with profit in business. ()A. white B. blueC. red D. black13. “I’m disadvantaged，for I still don’t have a cent to my name. ” In the above sentence，the word “disadvantaged” means ______. ()A. unfavourable B. disagreedC. poor D. nameless14. Anything that is ______ by religion，tradition or social usage is a taboo. ()A. prohibited B. allowedC. unprohibited D. encouraged15. Man: Would you like to see a movie with me tonight? () Woman: It looks like raining. The above sentences are linked by ______. A. grammar B. lexicalC. phonetics D. meaning16. John overslept this morning. Otherwise he wouldn’t have been late for school. () The logical relationship between the above sentences is______. A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal17. The word “______” is American spelling. ()A. colour B. travellerC. metre D. defense18. Nike is the name of ______ in Greek mythology. ()A. a heroine B. the goddess of victoryC. the goddess of fortune D. a wealthy lady19. The nonverbal messages that are consistent with accompanying verbal messages，but add to or strengthen or clarify the verbal message serve the function of ______. ()A. regulating B. repeatingC. complementing D. accenting20. “Rubbing one’s thumb against one’s forefinger and middle finger” means ______ in English body language system. ()A. victory B. dirtC. OK D. moneyⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. ______can convey messages in face-to-face communication. ()A. Gestures B. Written symbolsC. Facial expressions D. Phonetic alphabets22. English words borrowed from Latin are normally used in ______ contexts. ()A. informal B. academicC. religious D. intimate23. ______ are a category of the subjunctive mood in English. ()A. Mandative subjunctives B. Formulaic subjunctivesC. Conditionals D. Assumptives24. In a telephone call，if the person wanted is not available，it is customary for the English speaking person to say “______”. ()A. Thank you for calling. B. Hold on a moment. C. May I take a message? D. Would you like to leave a message?25. English proverbs can be classified into ______ categories. ()A. Christianity B. sexismC. individualism D. metaphors26. Which of the following are metaphorical expressions about ideas? ()A. He is the father of modern biology. B. His ideas will live on forever. C. I’ve had a full life. D. Life is empty for him. 27. --- Pass me the salt. () --- Pass me the salt，please. --- Would you please pass me the salt? The above utterances are arranged in an order of increasing degrees of______. A. formality B. informalityC. politeness D. impoliteness28. In a normal text，sentences are connected . ()A. informally B. formallyC. hypotactically D. paratactically29. In Chinese newspapers，______ are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers. ()A. political achievements B. cultural achievementsC. crimes D. disasters30. Our body odours may be affected by ______. ()A. orientation of house B. exercise scheduleC. drinking water D. emotional stateⅢ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. Value systems，world views，national traits，aesthetic standards and thinking patterns are often regarded as the central part of ______. 32. Major English speaking countries，especially the United States，are “countries on the ______”，which is illustrated by such words as “drive-ins”，“motels”，and “diners”. 33. Subjects and ______ are not so frequently omitted in English as in Chinese，as illustrated by the sentence “This book is very interesting，Would you like to read it?”34. In English speaking cultures，it is customary for the person calling or the elderly person to hang up the receiver ______. 35. “A Trojan horse” is an allusion derived from ______. 36. The English speaking people use the word “chicken” metaphorically to refer to a ______. 37. Many plant and place names such as “poker” and “Mississippi” in American English come from ______. 38. It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more ______ than English advertising. 39. The ______ zone ranges from touching to 18 inches. It is usually reserved for the very few special people in our lives who are very close to us. 40. Technical time refers to precise，scientific ______ of time counted in ordered， logical sequences. Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly. (12 %)41. What does the statement “Language is the carrier and container of culture. ” mean?42. Is “spiritual” a true equivalent to“精神上的”?43. How is the letter “i” pronounced differently when it occurs before “le” in American and British English?44. What does the gesture “touching or pointing to one’s own nose by raised thumb” signify in western culture?Ⅴ. Translation. (18 % )45. Men and women，old and young，all joined in the battle. 46. God help those who help themselves. 47. Many people intend to get white-collar jobs after graduation. 48. 请赐教。49. 敬请光临寒舍。50. 2011年11月1日上午8点火车将到达北京。Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics. (20 %)51. What is your interpretation of the proverb “An Englishman’s house is his castle” and people’s behaviours related to the proverb?52. How would you define “common core English” from the viewpoint of the speaking style?
2003年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案 Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1�Since Americans pay very high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week justtheir taxes.A�pay B�to be paying C�paid D�to pay【】2�Advertising is only part of the total sales effort,but it is the part thatthe most attention.A�attacks B�attracts C�attaches D�attributes【】3�Information that does not make any to you is difficult to remember.A�trouble B�way C�sense D�mistake【】4�The United States is known for its supermarkets,huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.A�which B�that C�when D�where【】5�The ants,hardworkingthey are,have time for play.A�as B�but C�so D�lest【】6�Diamonds are the hardestfound in nature.A�instance B�circumstance C�substance D�existence【】7�Large and powerful,the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles.A�high B�higher C�highly D�height【】8�Curiosity and imagination are importantwhich help stimulate the discovery of new facts and the laws of science.A�techniques B�technologies C�qualities D�quantities【】9�Information in long�term memory can beat a later time when it is needed.A�remarked B�reminded C�removed D�recalled【】10�Insurance agents are always friendly,well dressed,and cager to behelp.A�for B�of C�from D�into【】Ⅱ�Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For human beings there is more to living than just staying alive.Therefore,your 11,or emotional and mental needs are important.You need to love and 12.You need to feel safe and secure.At the same time,you need to feel13.You need stimulation and variety to keep your brain14and to achieve personal growth.You also need to have a sense of 15,a personal identity,in order to know 16you are and how you fit in the environment. Of all the emotional needs,a need for love is the17basic.At different times in life,you experience the need for love in different ways.18.a helpless baby feels love in 19to care.Love means being kept dry and warm and being fed.Gentle touch and firm support create a feeling of trust20 the baby for the people who care for it. 11�A�physical B�political C�psychological D�educational【】12�A�to be loved B�to be loving �to have loved D�to be for love【】13�A�depend B�depended C�dependent D�independent【】14�A�act B�acted C�active D�action【】15�A�self B�own C�you D�yours【】16�A�that B�who C�which D�how【】17�A�much B�more C�most D�very【】18�A�In addition B�On the average C�Of course D�For example【】19�A�response B�regard C�terms D�view【】20�A�at B�in C�with D�by【】Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage one Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. The term “flying saucer”refers to strange objects travelling through the earth�s atmosphere at very high speeds.Thousands of people all over the world claim to have seen them.Some believe them to be spaceships from other planets.Others insist that they are a secret type of aircraft being built on earth.Many people maintain that they are only natural phenomena happening under special temperature,light,or weather conditions All reports,however,agree that the strange objects move at extremely high speeds and fail to follow the laws of motion by reversing(逆转) direction instantly without slowing down. In the United States,the first flying saucers were reported on June 4,1947,by a private plane pilot.He saw nine objects travelling in the sky.Each was disk�shaped and very bright.Because their movements were compared to those of a “saucer skimming across the water”, newspaper reporters called them “flying saucers”. Some weeks after the first reported sighting,the United States Air Force was given the job of investigating all the reports of flying saucers.Because of the confusing variety of shapes,sizes,and colors reported,the Air Force adopted the term Unidentified Flying Objects(UFO) to describe them. Since the Air Force officials began their investigation of flying saucers,they have identified most of the objects as stars,planes,man�made satellites,experimental missiles(导弹),or weather phenomena.Some of the UFO reports,including photographs,were deliberate(蓄意的)tricks made to cheat people. All the research so far has failed to prove that UFOs are spaceships coming from outside the earth.Most investigators agree,however,that more study is needed before the question of whether or not flying saucers really exist can be answered.21�The term“flying saucer” is generally used to refer to.A�spaceships from other planetsB�a secret type of aircraft being builtC�some natural phenomenaD�strange objects flying very fast in the sky【】22�The first flying saucers got their name.A�from a private plane pilot who saw themB�for their brightness in colorC�because they looked like disks moving in the airD�because they skimmed across the water【】23�The Air Force preferred the term UFO because.A�newspaper reporters used itB�the term “flying saucer” was very confusingC�UFO is a general term that can refer to a larger variety of objectsD�the Air Force didn�t find any objects that looked like flying saucers【】24�All the research has failed to identify any UFOs as.A�man�made satellitesB�aircraftC�experimental missilesD�spaceships sent from other planets【】25�From this passage we know that.A�the US Air Force was the first reporter of flying saucersB�the term UFO was first used by the US Air Force investigatorsC�UFOs are not worth further investigationD�the question of whether there exist flying saucers has already been answered 【】Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. The American educator Horace Mann once said:“As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe,so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated.”Education is the process through which man attempts to pass on to his children his hard�won wisdom and his ideals of a better world.This process begins shortly after birth,as parents seek to train the infant to behave as his culture demands.Schooling,or formal education,consists of experiences that are carefully planned to help young people learn what adults consider important for them to know and how they should respond to choices. While almost everyone accepts the goal of developing skills in the three R�s—reading,writing and arithmetic—it often seems impossible to reach agreement on any goal beyond that.In the broadest terms,the conflict over educational goals can be viewed as a conflict between two groups of people—conservatives and liberals(自由派). The conservatives tend to identify a desirable education with the transmission of the cultural knowledge,offering courses featuring the three R�s at the elementary level and academic(普通文化课的)studies or strong vocational(职业的)or business courses in the secondary school.They stress training of the mind and development of abilities. The liberals tend to be interested in the development of the “whole child,”not merely in training his mind or in preparing him for adult life in a remote future.They emphasize rich,meaningful school living in the present,and they view subject matter as a resource for total human development rather than as a goal in itself.They believe that content should be acquired not for its own sake but as a means of encouraging thought and inquiry.26�What Horace Mann means is that.A�education is essential for man�s growthB�an apple is delicious only when it is ripeC�a man is like a child without proper educationD�education can be compared to the growth of an apple tree【】27�At school,children.A�find it hard to win wisdomB�have choices in what they learnC�are taught what adults select for them to learnD�learn how they should respond to teachers� questions【】28�The three R�s does not include.A�arithmeticB�writingC�readingD�reasoning【】29�It�s most unlikely that the conservatives should emphasize.A�the teaching of basic cultural knowledgeB�courses in three R�s in the elementary schoolC�courses such as modern physics and marketing at the secondary levelD�the development of the student as an individual person【】30�The liberals hold that.A�the goal of school education is mainly to prepare students for adult lifeB�teaching activities should be rich and meaningful to the studentsC�course content should be learned and remembered for future useD�book knowledge is the only resource for learning【】Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. It has been a wide�spread belief that the American family is dying.But a new study reveals that the American family is stronger than ever.This study affords surprising evidence of the persistence of American commitments to family life. The American family is changing,not dying:It is becoming smaller,men and women are becoming more equal,and the divorce rate is higher.But despite the high divorce rate,marriage has never been more popular.The majority of divorced people remarry,but only 2% marry more than twice.Most marriages last a long time,and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages.Depending on the specific situation,there�s often good reason for teenage marriages to break up. There is no evidence that children receive less attention from mothers who work outside the home than from mothers working inside the home.So far the amount of educational or development time hasn�t varied very much,whether or not the mother works outside the home.In fact,working mothers try to make up for it by setting aside time only for their children. The study shows that television is by far the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century.The most important activity for children up to age 14 is watching television. School is the second most time�consuming activity for children.They spend an average of about 19 hours a week in school.A larger proportion of children go to school now than ever before,and they stay in school longer.Another big change is that the proportion of very young children in day�care centers(日托站) has almost doubled in recent years.Compared with these two dramatic changes in child activity,the changes caused by mothers working outside the home appear very small.31�The main idea of this article is that.A�the American family is dyingB�young people today don�t want to get marriedC�the American family is changing,but it is stronger than everD�education has resulted in dramatic changes in the American family【】32�Which of the following statements is NOT true?A�Marriage is more popular than before.B�Many divorced people remarry.C�The majority of marriages last long.D�Working mothers devote less time to their children.【】33�The author of this article believes that.A�the American family is here to stayB�children should not watch so much televisionC�mothers should not work when their children are smallD�teenage marriages should be encouraged【】34�What is the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century?A�The day�care center.B�Television.C�The schoolD�Development time.【】35�According to the writer,which two major factors have led to the belief that the American family is dying?A�The divorce rate is high and working mothers neglect their children.B�The divorce rate is high and children care more about television than anything else.C�Divorces are becoming increasingly more and many teenage marriages break up.D�Children stay in school longer and mothers have little time to take care of them.【】PART TWOⅣ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36�表扬 v.p 37�橡皮n.r 38�表面n.s 39�厚的a.t 40�蒸汽n.s 41�权力n.p 42�噪声n.n 43�第九num.n 44�大声的a.l 45�方法n.m 46�羞耻n.s 47�紧张n.t 48�非法的a.l 49�运气n.l 50�中间的a.m 51�严重的a.s 52�财富n.w 53�浅的a.s 54�信号n.s 55�胜利n.v Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points,1 point for each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56�Many people feel that the United States(have) a very complicated tax collection system.57�In 1964,the Olympic Games in Tokyo(become) the first program to be transmitted via satellite.58�In the recent past,medical researchers(begin) to emphasize the fact that heart diseases are associated with stress,smoking and a lack of exercise.59�Taxes consist of the money which people pay(support) their government.60�For centuries the Atlantic Ocean kept the Americas from(discover) by the people of Europe.61�The American consumer often feels constantly(disturb) by insurance agents.62�Women tend to engage in more eye contact than men,especially when(talk) to other women.63�Though marriage(practice) in almost all countries of the world,the customs are quite different from one culture to another.64�No one has been able to prove that fish is any(good) for the brain than many other kinds of food.65�If we did not have atmospheric pressure,we(can,not have) automobile tires.Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points for each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66�人所共知，大西洋仅有太平洋一半大。67�人们可以在电视里观看他们想看的任何电影。 68�在过去几年里你在保险上花了多少钱？69�为了不被人误解，你应当认识肢体语言与文化关系密切。70�直至14世纪较精确的地图才开始出现。Ⅶ�Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。 While the quantity of food needed by the body is measured by the amount of energy,or calories,it has,the quality of food is determined by its nutrients.Nutrients are the substances in food that are needed by your body.You can consume enough soft drinks,bread,and potatoes to supply you with enough calories for the energy you need.But these foods will not supply you with all the necessary nutrients your body needs in order to function well. It is believed that there are forty�five nutrients needed by the human body.It is essential that each of them be present in various amounts in a good diet.Each nutrient is responsible for performing a special body function.2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷完全详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure1�【analysis】句中意思为美国人每周有一天的工作是为付高额税的， 因而为目的状语，应用一般式的主动形式。 【key】选D.to pay。2�【analysis】这后半句为强调主语的强调句，意思为这部分最吸引注意， 故应选B�attracts吸引；而A�attacks攻击；C�attaches依附；D�attributes引起，都不对。 【key】选B�attracts。3�【analysis】全句意思为“对你没有任何意义的信息是难以记忆的”。 应为C�sense意义；而trouble苦恼，way方式，mistake错误，都不符合。 【key】选C�sense。4�【analysis】后部分为定语从句说明supermarkets超市，即为场所， 应用D�where。 【key】选D�where。5�【analysis】 以as引出的状语从句，可以把表语提到主语前面来，如Cold as the weather was,it couldn�t cool our enthusiasm for work.故本句应选A�as。 【key】选A�as。6�【analysis】全句意思为“钻石是自然中所发现的最硬的物质”。 应选C�substance物质；而instance实例，circumstance（通常作复数）环境，existence存在，都不合适。 【key】选C�substance。7�【analysis】 数字后说明高应用形容词high,如The house is ten meters high。 【key】选A�high。8�【analysis】句子含意“好奇心与想像力是重要的品性”， 品性或品质为quality, 而technique技巧，technology工程学，quantity重量，数量都不合适。 【key】选C�qualities。9�【analysis】句子意思为“长期记忆的信息在以后需要的时候能记起来。” 应为D�recalled记起；而A�remark评论；B�remined sb.of sb./sth.使某人回想起来某人；C�removed移开；因句中无of结构，故应为D。 【key】选D�recalled。10�【analysis】be of help有帮助，为习惯用语。 【key】选B�of。Ⅱ�Cloze Test11～12【analysis】句意为“你的心理的或感情的，思想上的需要是重要的。你需要去爱和接受爱。” 11�C�psychological心理的；12�A�to be loved被爱。【key】11�选C；12�选A。13～14【analysis】句意为“你需要感到平安和无忧虑。同时，你需要能自立，你需要激励和多姿多彩以保持大脑活跃和实现个人成熟”。【key】13�选D�independent自立；14�选C�active活跃。15～16【analysis】句意为“你也需要有理性，个人特性，为了了解你自己和你如何适应环境”。【key】15�选A�self;16�选B�who。17～19【analysis】句意为“在所有的感情需要中，爱的需要是最基本的。一生中的不同时段，你会经历不同方式的爱的需要。例如，不能自立的婴儿感到关心的爱护”。【key】17�选C�most最；18�选D�Forexample例如；19�选A�response,in～to应…而。20【analysis】句意为“轻柔触摸和坚定保护能使婴儿对照顾他的人产生信任感”。【key】选B�in。Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension21 【analysis】全文意思为“飞碟指地球上空高速飞行的奇异物体，1947年6月4日美国私人飞机驾驶员，看到天空九个碟形物盘旋，因此报上称之为飞碟，因形状不一，所以美国空军称之为不明飞行物”。21题应为D，即飞碟一般用于指空中飞速快的奇怪物体，即D。 【key】选D.22 【analysis】题意为“最初飞碟名称来自看来如空中运动的碟似物”。 【key】选C.23 【analysis】“空军用不明飞行物是因为这个术语能指代种类较多的物体”。 【key】选C.24 【analysis】“关于从其他行星过来的宇宙飞船的辨认的研究全失败了”。 【key】选D.25 【analysis】“从本文我们知道美国空军研究人员首先用了不明飞行物的术语”。 【key】选B.26【analysis】第二篇阅读理解文章含意为“教育是从出生开始，经学校正规教育，使之学会成人认为重要的经验，即三种技巧——阅读，写作与算术。教育的目标分为保守派与自由派。保守派为传播文化知识，提供三种技巧的文化课与职业专业课，强调思想训练和能力培养。自由派强调当前丰富的有意义的学校生活而且把课程看作全人类发展的才能而不仅是目标的本身”。26题Horace Mann的意思是“教育对人们的成长是必要的”【key】选A.27 【analysis】“在校内，孩子们按大人们为他们所选的教材教学”。 【key】选C.28 【analysis】三R并不包括“推理”。 【key】选D.29 【analysis】“保守派极可能强调学生作为个人培养”。 【key】选D.30 【analysis】自由派认为“教学活动应对学生是富有意义的”。 【key】选B.31 【analysis】第三篇意义为“广泛的信念为美国家庭正在消失，而新的研究揭示美国家庭比以前更牢固了。是正在变化，而并不消亡，是更小了，男女更平等了而离婚率更高了。没有证据说明在家外工作的母亲比在家内干活的对孩子们较少关心。不管是否母亲在家外工作，对孩子的教育培养并无太多的变动。孩子在14岁前最重要的活动是观看电视，而学校成为其次花费时间的活动”。 31题这篇文章主题思想为“美国家庭正在变化，但比以前更牢固了”。 【key】选C.32 【analysis】以下叙述哪点是不正确的？ 应为D�劳动妇女更少时间专心于孩子了。 【key】选D.33 【analysis】本文作者相信， 应为A�美国家庭仍稳固着。 【key】选A.34 【analysis】本世纪新的孩子照料的安排最有影响的是什么？ 应为B.电视。 【key】选B.35 【analysis】按照作者，哪两种主要因素导致美国家庭正在消亡的信念？ 应为A�离婚率高和劳动妇女忽视他们的孩子。 【key】选A.Ⅳ�Word Spelling36 【analysis】表扬 v.p 。 【key】praise37 【analysis】橡皮n.r , 来自rub v.擦。 【key】rubber38 【analysis】表面n.s , sur�超过+face面。 【key】surface39 【analysis
网上这些是没有的，主管部门也不公布的，我也找了很久，也咨询过很多人，得出结论就是：自己看书吧，好好努力考试！祝你好运！自考的孩子伤不起啊！！！
2003年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案 Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1�Since Americans pay very high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week justtheir taxes.A�pay B�to be paying C�paid D�to pay【】2�Advertising is only part of the total sales effort,but it is the part thatthe most attention.A�attacks B�attracts C�attaches D�attributes【】3�Information that does not make any to you is difficult to remember.A�trouble B�way C�sense D�mistake【】4�The United States is known for its supermarkets,huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.A�which B�that C�when D�where【】5�The ants,hardworkingthey are,have time for play.A�as B�but C�so D�lest【】6�Diamonds are the hardestfound in nature.A�instance B�circumstance C�substance D�existence【】7�Large and powerful,the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles.A�high B�higher C�highly D�height【】8�Curiosity and imagination are importantwhich help stimulate the discovery of new facts and the laws of science.A�techniques B�technologies C�qualities D�quantities【】9�Information in long�term memory can beat a later time when it is needed.A�remarked B�reminded C�removed D�recalled【】10�Insurance agents are always friendly,well dressed,and cager to behelp.A�for B�of C�from D�into【】Ⅱ�Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For human beings there is more to living than just staying alive.Therefore,your 11,or emotional and mental needs are important.You need to love and 12.You need to feel safe and secure.At the same time,you need to feel13.You need stimulation and variety to keep your brain14and to achieve personal growth.You also need to have a sense of 15,a personal identity,in order to know 16you are and how you fit in the environment. Of all the emotional needs,a need for love is the17basic.At different times in life,you experience the need for love in different ways.18.a helpless baby feels love in 19to care.Love means being kept dry and warm and being fed.Gentle touch and firm support create a feeling of trust20 the baby for the people who care for it. 11�A�physical B�political C�psychological D�educational【】12�A�to be loved B�to be loving �to have loved D�to be for love【】13�A�depend B�depended C�dependent D�independent【】14�A�act B�acted C�active D�action【】15�A�self B�own C�you D�yours【】16�A�that B�who C�which D�how【】17�A�much B�more C�most D�very【】18�A�In addition B�On the average C�Of course D�For example【】19�A�response B�regard C�terms D�view【】20�A�at B�in C�with D�by【】Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage one Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. The term “flying saucer”refers to strange objects travelling through the earth�s atmosphere at very high speeds.Thousands of people all over the world claim to have seen them.Some believe them to be spaceships from other planets.Others insist that they are a secret type of aircraft being built on earth.Many people maintain that they are only natural phenomena happening under special temperature,light,or weather conditions All reports,however,agree that the strange objects move at extremely high speeds and fail to follow the laws of motion by reversing(逆转) direction instantly without slowing down. In the United States,the first flying saucers were reported on June 4,1947,by a private plane pilot.He saw nine objects travelling in the sky.Each was disk�shaped and very bright.Because their movements were compared to those of a “saucer skimming across the water”, newspaper reporters called them “flying saucers”. Some weeks after the first reported sighting,the United States Air Force was given the job of investigating all the reports of flying saucers.Because of the confusing variety of shapes,sizes,and colors reported,the Air Force adopted the term Unidentified Flying Objects(UFO) to describe them. Since the Air Force officials began their investigation of flying saucers,they have identified most of the objects as stars,planes,man�made satellites,experimental missiles(导弹),or weather phenomena.Some of the UFO reports,including photographs,were deliberate(蓄意的)tricks made to cheat people. All the research so far has failed to prove that UFOs are spaceships coming from outside the earth.Most investigators agree,however,that more study is needed before the question of whether or not flying saucers really exist can be answered.21�The term“flying saucer” is generally used to refer to.A�spaceships from other planetsB�a secret type of aircraft being builtC�some natural phenomenaD�strange objects flying very fast in the sky【】22�The first flying saucers got their name.A�from a private plane pilot who saw themB�for their brightness in colorC�because they looked like disks moving in the airD�because they skimmed across the water【】23�The Air Force preferred the term UFO because.A�newspaper reporters used itB�the term “flying saucer” was very confusingC�UFO is a general term that can refer to a larger variety of objectsD�the Air Force didn�t find any objects that looked like flying saucers【】24�All the research has failed to identify any UFOs as.A�man�made satellitesB�aircraftC�experimental missilesD�spaceships sent from other planets【】25�From this passage we know that.A�the US Air Force was the first reporter of flying saucersB�the term UFO was first used by the US Air Force investigatorsC�UFOs are not worth further investigationD�the question of whether there exist flying saucers has already been answered 【】Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. The American educator Horace Mann once said:“As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe,so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated.”Education is the process through which man attempts to pass on to his children his hard�won wisdom and his ideals of a better world.This process begins shortly after birth,as parents seek to train the infant to behave as his culture demands.Schooling,or formal education,consists of experiences that are carefully planned to help young people learn what adults consider important for them to know and how they should respond to choices. While almost everyone accepts the goal of developing skills in the three R�s—reading,writing and arithmetic—it often seems impossible to reach agreement on any goal beyond that.In the broadest terms,the conflict over educational goals can be viewed as a conflict between two groups of people—conservatives and liberals(自由派). The conservatives tend to identify a desirable education with the transmission of the cultural knowledge,offering courses featuring the three R�s at the elementary level and academic(普通文化课的)studies or strong vocational(职业的)or business courses in the secondary school.They stress training of the mind and development of abilities. The liberals tend to be interested in the development of the “whole child,”not merely in training his mind or in preparing him for adult life in a remote future.They emphasize rich,meaningful school living in the present,and they view subject matter as a resource for total human development rather than as a goal in itself.They believe that content should be acquired not for its own sake but as a means of encouraging thought and inquiry.26�What Horace Mann means is that.A�education is essential for man�s growthB�an apple is delicious only when it is ripeC�a man is like a child without proper educationD�education can be compared to the growth of an apple tree【】27�At school,children.A�find it hard to win wisdomB�have choices in what they learnC�are taught what adults select for them to learnD�learn how they should respond to teachers� questions【】28�The three R�s does not include.A�arithmeticB�writingC�readingD�reasoning【】29�It�s most unlikely that the conservatives should emphasize.A�the teaching of basic cultural knowledgeB�courses in three R�s in the elementary schoolC�courses such as modern physics and marketing at the secondary levelD�the development of the student as an individual person【】30�The liberals hold that.A�the goal of school education is mainly to prepare students for adult lifeB�teaching activities should be rich and meaningful to the studentsC�course content should be learned and remembered for future useD�book knowledge is the only resource for learning【】Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. It has been a wide�spread belief that the American family is dying.But a new study reveals that the American family is stronger than ever.This study affords surprising evidence of the persistence of American commitments to family life. The American family is changing,not dying:It is becoming smaller,men and women are becoming more equal,and the divorce rate is higher.But despite the high divorce rate,marriage has never been more popular.The majority of divorced people remarry,but only 2% marry more than twice.Most marriages last a long time,and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages.Depending on the specific situation,there�s often good reason for teenage marriages to break up. There is no evidence that children receive less attention from mothers who work outside the home than from mothers working inside the home.So far the amount of educational or development time hasn�t varied very much,whether or not the mother works outside the home.In fact,working mothers try to make up for it by setting aside time only for their children. The study shows that television is by far the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century.The most important activity for children up to age 14 is watching television. School is the second most time�consuming activity for children.They spend an average of about 19 hours a week in school.A larger proportion of children go to school now than ever before,and they stay in school longer.Another big change is that the proportion of very young children in day�care centers(日托站) has almost doubled in recent years.Compared with these two dramatic changes in child activity,the changes caused by mothers working outside the home appear very small.31�The main idea of this article is that.A�the American family is dyingB�young people today don�t want to get marriedC�the American family is changing,but it is stronger than everD�education has resulted in dramatic changes in the American family【】32�Which of the following statements is NOT true?A�Marriage is more popular than before.B�Many divorced people remarry.C�The majority of marriages last long.D�Working mothers devote less time to their children.【】33�The author of this article believes that.A�the American family is here to stayB�children should not watch so much televisionC�mothers should not work when their children are smallD�teenage marriages should be encouraged【】34�What is the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century?A�The day�care center.B�Television.C�The schoolD�Development time.【】35�According to the writer,which two major factors have led to the belief that the American family is dying?A�The divorce rate is high and working mothers neglect their children.B�The divorce rate is high and children care more about television than anything else.C�Divorces are becoming increasingly more and many teenage marriages break up.D�Children stay in school longer and mothers have little time to take care of them.【】PART TWOⅣ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36�表扬 v.p 37�橡皮n.r 38�表面n.s 39�厚的a.t 40�蒸汽n.s 41�权力n.p 42�噪声n.n 43�第九num.n 44�大声的a.l 45�方法n.m 46�羞耻n.s 47�紧张n.t 48�非法的a.l 49�运气n.l 50�中间的a.m 51�严重的a.s 52�财富n.w 53�浅的a.s 54�信号n.s 55�胜利n.v Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points,1 point for each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56�Many people feel that the United States(have) a very complicated tax collection system.57�In 1964,the Olympic Games in Tokyo(become) the first program to be transmitted via satellite.58�In the recent past,medical researchers(begin) to emphasize the fact that heart diseases are associated with stress,smoking and a lack of exercise.59�Taxes consist of the money which people pay(support) their government.60�For centuries the Atlantic Ocean kept the Americas from(discover) by the people of Europe.61�The American consumer often feels constantly(disturb) by insurance agents.62�Women tend to engage in more eye contact than men,especially when(talk) to other women.63�Though marriage(practice) in almost all countries of the world,the customs are quite different from one culture to another.64�No one has been able to prove that fish is any(good) for the brain than many other kinds of food.65�If we did not have atmospheric pressure,we(can,not have) automobile tires.Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points for each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66�人所共知，大西洋仅有太平洋一半大。67�人们可以在电视里观看他们想看的任何电影。 68�在过去几年里你在保险上花了多少钱？69�为了不被人误解，你应当认识肢体语言与文化关系密切。70�直至14世纪较精确的地图才开始出现。Ⅶ�Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。 While the quantity of food needed by the body is measured by the amount of energy,or calories,it has,the quality of food is determined by its nutrients.Nutrients are the substances in food that are needed by your body.You can consume enough soft drinks,bread,and potatoes to supply you with enough calories for the energy you need.But these foods will not supply you with all the necessary nutrients your body needs in order to function well. It is believed that there are forty�five nutrients needed by the human body.It is essential that each of them be present in various amounts in a good diet.Each nutrient is responsible for performing a special body function.2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷完全详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure1�【analysis】句中意思为美国人每周有一天的工作是为付高额税的， 因而为目的状语，应用一般式的主动形式。 【key】选D.to pay。2�【analysis】这后半句为强调主语的强调句，意思为这部分最吸引注意， 故应选B�attracts吸引；而A�attacks攻击；C�attaches依附；D�attributes引起，都不对。 【key】选B�attracts。3�【analysis】全句意思为“对你没有任何意义的信息是难以记忆的”。 应为C�sense意义；而trouble苦恼，way方式，mistake错误，都不符合。 【key】选C�sense。4�【analysis】后部分为定语从句说明supermarkets超市，即为场所， 应用D�where。 【key】选D�where。5�【analysis】 以as引出的状语从句，可以把表语提到主语前面来，如Cold as the weather was,it couldn�t cool our enthusiasm for work.故本句应选A�as。 【key】选A�as。6�【analysis】全句意思为“钻石是自然中所发现的最硬的物质”。 应选C�substance物质；而instance实例，circumstance（通常作复数）环境，existence存在，都不合适。 【key】选C�substance。7�【analysis】 数字后说明高应用形容词high,如The house is ten meters high。 【key】选A�high。8�【analysis】句子含意“好奇心与想像力是重要的品性”， 品性或品质为quality, 而technique技巧，technology工程学，quantity重量，数量都不合适。 【key】选C�qualities。9�【analysis】句子意思为“长期记忆的信息在以后需要的时候能记起来。” 应为D�recalled记起；而A�remark评论；B�remined sb.of sb./sth.使某人回想起来某人；C�removed移开；因句中无of结构，故应为D。 【key】选D�recalled。10�【analysis】be of help有帮助，为习惯用语。 【key】选B�of。Ⅱ�Cloze Test11～12【analysis】句意为“你的心理的或感情的，思想上的需要是重要的。你需要去爱和接受爱。” 11�C�psychological心理的；12�A�to be loved被爱。【key】11�选C；12�选A。13～14【analysis】句意为“你需要感到平安和无忧虑。同时，你需要能自立，你需要激励和多姿多彩以保持大脑活跃和实现个人成熟”。【key】13�选D�independent自立；14�选C�active活跃。15～16【analysis】句意为“你也需要有理性，个人特性，为了了解你自己和你如何适应环境”。【key】15�选A�self;16�选B�who。17～19【analysis】句意为“在所有的感情需要中，爱的需要是最基本的。一生中的不同时段，你会经历不同方式的爱的需要。例如，不能自立的婴儿感到关心的爱护”。【key】17�选C�most最；18�选D�Forexample例如；19�选A�response,in～to应…而。20【analysis】句意为“轻柔触摸和坚定保护能使婴儿对照顾他的人产生信任感”。【key】选B�in。Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension21 【analysis】全文意思为“飞碟指地球上空高速飞行的奇异物体，1947年6月4日美国私人飞机驾驶员，看到天空九个碟形物盘旋，因此报上称之为飞碟，因形状不一，所以美国空军称之为不明飞行物”。21题应为D，即飞碟一般用于指空中飞速快的奇怪物体，即D。 【key】选D.22 【analysis】题意为“最初飞碟名称来自看来如空中运动的碟似物”。 【key】选C.23 【analysis】“空军用不明飞行物是因为这个术语能指代种类较多的物体”。 【key】选C.24 【analysis】“关于从其他行星过来的宇宙飞船的辨认的研究全失败了”。 【key】选D.25 【analysis】“从本文我们知道美国空军研究人员首先用了不明飞行物的术语”。 【key】选B.26【analysis】第二篇阅读理解文章含意为“教育是从出生开始，经学校正规教育，使之学会成人认为重要的经验，即三种技巧——阅读，写作与算术。教育的目标分为保守派与自由派。保守派为传播文化知识，提供三种技巧的文化课与职业专业课，强调思想训练和能力培养。自由派强调当前丰富的有意义的学校生活而且把课程看作全人类发展的才能而不仅是目标的本身”。26题Horace Mann的意思是“教育对人们的成长是必要的”【key】选A.27 【analysis】“在校内，孩子们按大人们为他们所选的教材教学”。 【key】选C.28 【analysis】三R并不包括“推理”。 【key】选D.29 【analysis】“保守派极可能强调学生作为个人培养”。 【key】选D.30 【analysis】自由派认为“教学活动应对学生是富有意义的”。 【key】选B.31 【analysis】第三篇意义为“广泛的信念为美国家庭正在消失，而新的研究揭示美国家庭比以前更牢固了。是正在变化，而并不消亡，是更小了，男女更平等了而离婚率更高了。没有证据说明在家外工作的母亲比在家内干活的对孩子们较少关心。不管是否母亲在家外工作，对孩子的教育培养并无太多的变动。孩子在14岁前最重要的活动是观看电视，而学校成为其次花费时间的活动”。 31题这篇文章主题思想为“美国家庭正在变化，但比以前更牢固了”。 【key】选C.32 【analysis】以下叙述哪点是不正确的？ 应为D�劳动妇女更少时间专心于孩子了。 【key】选D.33 【analysis】本文作者相信， 应为A�美国家庭仍稳固着。 【key】选A.34 【analysis】本世纪新的孩子照料的安排最有影响的是什么？ 应为B.电视。 【key】选B.35 【analysis】按照作者，哪两种主要因素导致美国家庭正在消亡的信念？ 应为A�离婚率高和劳动妇女忽视他们的孩子。 【key】选A.Ⅳ�Word Spelling36 【analysis】表扬 v.p 。 【key】praise37 【analysis】橡皮n.r , 来自rub v.擦。 【key】rubber38 【analysis】表面n.s , sur�超过+face面。 【key】surface39 【analysis
语言与文化2023章节测试答案_语言与文化超星尔雅答案不知如何解决，为此小编给大家收集整理语言与文化2023章节测试答案_语言与文化超星尔雅答案解决办法，感兴趣的快来看看吧。语言与文化2023章节测试答案_语言与文化超星尔雅答案1.1人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（一）1、【单选题】()开始出现符号活动。A、南猿时期B、早期智人C、晚期智人D、直立人时期我的答案：C2、【单选题】关于人类起源非洲的假说,下列选项中正确的一项是()。A、能人走出非洲B、元谋人走出非洲C、南猿人走出非洲D、直立人走出非洲我的答案：D3、【单选题】进化程度更高的是()。A、元谋人B、山顶洞人C、蓝田人D、北京人我的答案：B4、【判断题】某一人群的群体演化历史越短,则说明他们的mtDNA变异越大。()我的答案：X5、【判断题】人类起源非洲假说是指人类发源于非洲,然后移动到世界各地。()我的答案：1.2人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（二）1、【单选题】()是非洲智人最早移动到的大洲。A、南美洲B、北美洲C、亚洲D、澳洲我的答案：C2、【单选题】()的出现能标志着智人具有了一定的符号编码能力。A、图画B、雕刻C、文字D、以上都对我的答案：D3、【单选题】智人走出非洲有()条路线。A、1B、2C、3D、4我的答案：B4、【单选题】(),非洲智人开始走出非洲。A、20万年前B、13万年前C、15万年前D、10万年前我的答案：A5、【判断题】人类起源非洲假说为人类的基因和语言研究提供了重要依据。()我的答案：6、【判断题】直立人是语言人,智人不是语言人。()我的答案：X1.3人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（三）1、【单选题】语言与脑容量的关系是()。A、正相关B、不确定C、没关系D、负相关我的答案：A2、【单选题】方言的形成有()种方式。A、3B、2C、4D、5我的答案：B3、【单选题】我国南方汉语方言的形成受很多因素影响,其中()起了不可估量的作用。A、语言接触B、语言分化C、语言融合D、母语转换我的答案：D4、【判断题】语言接触是语言演化最重要的观察角度之一。()我的答案：5、【判断题】没有语言能力很难发展自己的智慧,因此智慧与语言之间有绝对的关系。()我的答案：X2.1语言文化共相论（一）1、【单选题】()提出我的语言的界限意味着我的世界的界限这一观点。A、维特根斯坦B、墨子C、索绪尔D、乔姆斯基我的答案：2、【单选题】()最早提出语言转向一说。A、乔姆斯基B、萨丕尔C、维特根斯坦D、索绪尔我的答案：C3、【单选题】在所有语言中,()被认为是最为高级的语言。A、汉语B、日语C、英语D、数学我的答案：D4、【判断题】动物的所有认知能力都不如人类。()
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考英语教材答案详细，自考英语二教材答案的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！各位谁有2010.10全国自考英语试卷及答案啊？谢谢！3．读书与做练习的关系。每章节后都配有思考题和练习，并附有答案，以便复习和巩固所学的内容。为了帮助自学人员学习，全国高等自学考试委员会还组织由笔者主持编写了《英语词汇学辅导》，2000年由外语教学与研究出版社出版。《辅导》以汉语形式把教材译写出来，每章补充了练习，并给思考题提供了参考答案。此外，社会上也出现了一些所谓的“配套”读本。这里要提醒大家的是，读书指的是学教材，语言基础差一点的同学可以把《辅导》结合起来看。对教材一定要反复读，读懂弄清楚。对每章所配的练习要认真独立地去做，只有在做完后再查看参考答案，因为做练习最能检测学习结果。思考题是供学习思考的，提供的参考答案只是答案的一种表达形式，绝对不能逐字逐词地去死背。尤其要注意的是千万不要本末倒置，把大量的精力放在能弄到手的各种参考书上，更不要去搞题海战术，走入歧途。4．词汇学与语言学的关系。词汇学是语言学的一个分支，属于语言学的范畴。英语词汇学所介绍和涉及的一些内容与语言学上的某些章节交叉和重叠。如自考科目《现代语言学》上的第三章“形态学”和第五章“语义学”中的“词的意义”部分都是词汇学讨论的内容，因此可以联系起来学习。应该说学了语言学有助于学习词汇学，反之亦然。四、应考问题自考是以自学的形式通过国家规定的相关考试，最后取得国家承认的学历或学位。所以通过考试是自学人员的现实目标。把教材读懂搞清楚了不一定就能考出最理想的成绩，还有一个应考的问题。只有熟悉考试的形式、内容和方式方法才能取得最佳效果。1．题型与能力层次。题型在《考纲》中有明确规定。《考纲》列了12种题型，但在全国英语词汇学题库设计时做了一定的改动。现在的全国英语词汇学的标准试卷由七大题组成，每题一种题型。它们分别是：I单项选择，II教材内容填空，III匹配题，IV判断填空，V术语解释，VI简答题，VII分析题。减去了《考纲》中的第二、七、十二题；把第三、八题统称为判断填空题。题型与能力层次非一一对等，同一题型可涉及不同能力层次，如单项选择、匹配题、判断填空三种题型。2．试卷设计与分值配置。按题库设计标准，根据各章节的内容和知识点，每份试卷对各章都有一定的分值要求。其分值配置为：第一、二章占15%；第三、四章占20%；第五、六章占25%；第七、八章各占10%；第九章占15%；第十章占5%.分值的配置基本上能显示各章节的分量。前面已说过，每章都重要。这一点从分值的分配可以看出。当然，这种分值配置只是理想化的设计，具体操作上很难做到如此准确。一套试卷由7大题50小题组成。匹配题和判断题各10小题，每题1分；简答题3小题，每题4分；综合运用题2小题，每小题9分；其它每小题均为2分。3．读书与做题。如前所述，要想学好词汇学，必须要有恒心和拼劲，下大气力学习教材，无捷径可走。但要提高考试成绩还是有方法的。譬如匹配题和判断题，如果不熟悉其形式和思路，尽管对考题所涉及的内容很熟悉，也不一定能做好题。现以2002年上半年全国自学英语词汇学试卷其中的两题为例：MatchthewordsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto①rhetoricalfeaturesofidioms;②senserelations;③assimilationdegree;④characteristicsofthebasicwordstock;⑤motivationABreiterationAhighandlowrepetitionBpickandchoosejuxtapositionCfacetofaceperfecthomonymDFailureisthemotherofsuccesspersonificationEhissStudythefollowingwordsandexpressionsandidentify①typesofcontext;②typesofwordformation;③typesofsenserelationsandmeaningchange④rhetoricalfeaturesofidioms1makingarestatementofanewwordorconceptinfamiliarwords2sitcom3theusualamenitiessuchasapub,apostofficeandaschool4fromcradletograve5mightandmain这两道题看似简单，做起来却不容易。两道题有一个共同的特点，即涉及到不同章节的内容。前一题包括第九章、第六章、第一章、第五章的内容和知识。要做好题，必须知道英语习语的各种修辞特色；六种语义关系；两种同化程度；基本词汇的五大特征和四种理据。然后将两栏提供的语词进行比较，逐一分析，对号入座。答案是reiteration,repetition,juxtaposition,perfecthomonym,personification。其实，真正与题目有关的只是习语的修辞特色和词义的理据，其它都是干扰项。比较而言，后一道题更难一些。该题要求考生根据所提供的例词和定义写出它们各自属于哪一类中的何种名称。如例1是第一类中的definition，例2是第二类中的blending，例3是第三类中的hyponymy，例4是第四类中的synecdoche，例5是第四类中的alliteration，等等。如果熟悉这些题型，并能模拟做一做，在阅读中能根据题型的要求去思考问题，做到有的放矢，效果肯定会更佳。这就是所谓的“巧干”。4．术语英汉对照表的利用。教材后附有术语英汉对照表，主要目的是为了帮助阅读和理解。知道英语专业名称的汉语意思既可以加深记忆，也可以帮助理解。还有一个更重要的用途，往往不被大家注意。术语英汉对照表基本上囊括了教材中主要知识点。尤其是名词或名词词组，每一个都是一个知识点。学完教材后，不妨把这些专业术语作为一种自测手段。如按照字母顺序逐一复习。对每一个术语都想一想其概念、定义，试着用英语表述，并能回忆一两个例子。如果忘了，再翻书复习。假如能按这种要求把所有的名词术语记住，基本上可以说把教材弄懂搞清楚了。总而言之，英语词汇学是一门理论知识课程，涉及的内容丰富，知识点较多，学起来有一定难度。但只要同学们有决心，有恒心，敢于下工夫，在苦干的同时，加一些巧干，定能收到事半功倍的效果。求06年4月自考英语二试卷及答案全国06年4月自学考试：英语试卷及答案2006年09月21日14:18自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
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英语二的话看历年真题只是学习的一部分，平常也需要看一些词汇的重点资料包括语法英语最重要的是语法和单词，所以可以在这方面多下一些功夫，历年真题作为辅导，相信一定没什么问题的。以上是个人看法，加油了哦
2003年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案 Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1�Since Americans pay very high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week justtheir taxes.A�pay B�to be paying C�paid D�to pay【】2�Advertising is only part of the total sales effort,but it is the part thatthe most attention.A�attacks B�attracts C�attaches D�attributes【】3�Information that does not make any to you is difficult to remember.A�trouble B�way C�sense D�mistake【】4�The United States is known for its supermarkets,huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.A�which B�that C�when D�where【】5�The ants,hardworkingthey are,have time for play.A�as B�but C�so D�lest【】6�Diamonds are the hardestfound in nature.A�instance B�circumstance C�substance D�existence【】7�Large and powerful,the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles.A�high B�higher C�highly D�height【】8�Curiosity and imagination are importantwhich help stimulate the discovery of new facts and the laws of science.A�techniques B�technologies C�qualities D�quantities【】9�Information in long�term memory can beat a later time when it is needed.A�remarked B�reminded C�removed D�recalled【】10�Insurance agents are always friendly,well dressed,and cager to behelp.A�for B�of C�from D�into【】Ⅱ�Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For human beings there is more to living than just staying alive.Therefore,your 11,or emotional and mental needs are important.You need to love and 12.You need to feel safe and secure.At the same time,you need to feel13.You need stimulation and variety to keep your brain14and to achieve personal growth.You also need to have a sense of 15,a personal identity,in order to know 16you are and how you fit in the environment. Of all the emotional needs,a need for love is the17basic.At different times in life,you experience the need for love in different ways.18.a helpless baby feels love in 19to care.Love means being kept dry and warm and being fed.Gentle touch and firm support create a feeling of trust20 the baby for the people who care for it. 11�A�physical B�political C�psychological D�educational【】12�A�to be loved B�to be loving �to have loved D�to be for love【】13�A�depend B�depended C�dependent D�independent【】14�A�act B�acted C�active D�action【】15�A�self B�own C�you D�yours【】16�A�that B�who C�which D�how【】17�A�much B�more C�most D�very【】18�A�In addition B�On the average C�Of course D�For example【】19�A�response B�regard C�terms D�view【】20�A�at B�in C�with D�by【】Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage one Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. The term “flying saucer”refers to strange objects travelling through the earth�s atmosphere at very high speeds.Thousands of people all over the world claim to have seen them.Some believe them to be spaceships from other planets.Others insist that they are a secret type of aircraft being built on earth.Many people maintain that they are only natural phenomena happening under special temperature,light,or weather conditions All reports,however,agree that the strange objects move at extremely high speeds and fail to follow the laws of motion by reversing(逆转) direction instantly without slowing down. In the United States,the first flying saucers were reported on June 4,1947,by a private plane pilot.He saw nine objects travelling in the sky.Each was disk�shaped and very bright.Because their movements were compared to those of a “saucer skimming across the water”, newspaper reporters called them “flying saucers”. Some weeks after the first reported sighting,the United States Air Force was given the job of investigating all the reports of flying saucers.Because of the confusing variety of shapes,sizes,and colors reported,the Air Force adopted the term Unidentified Flying Objects(UFO) to describe them. Since the Air Force officials began their investigation of flying saucers,they have identified most of the objects as stars,planes,man�made satellites,experimental missiles(导弹),or weather phenomena.Some of the UFO reports,including photographs,were deliberate(蓄意的)tricks made to cheat people. All the research so far has failed to prove that UFOs are spaceships coming from outside the earth.Most investigators agree,however,that more study is needed before the question of whether or not flying saucers really exist can be answered.21�The term“flying saucer” is generally used to refer to.A�spaceships from other planetsB�a secret type of aircraft being builtC�some natural phenomenaD�strange objects flying very fast in the sky【】22�The first flying saucers got their name.A�from a private plane pilot who saw themB�for their brightness in colorC�because they looked like disks moving in the airD�because they skimmed across the water【】23�The Air Force preferred the term UFO because.A�newspaper reporters used itB�the term “flying saucer” was very confusingC�UFO is a general term that can refer to a larger variety of objectsD�the Air Force didn�t find any objects that looked like flying saucers【】24�All the research has failed to identify any UFOs as.A�man�made satellitesB�aircraftC�experimental missilesD�spaceships sent from other planets【】25�From this passage we know that.A�the US Air Force was the first reporter of flying saucersB�the term UFO was first used by the US Air Force investigatorsC�UFOs are not worth further investigationD�the question of whether there exist flying saucers has already been answered 【】Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. The American educator Horace Mann once said:“As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe,so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated.”Education is the process through which man attempts to pass on to his children his hard�won wisdom and his ideals of a better world.This process begins shortly after birth,as parents seek to train the infant to behave as his culture demands.Schooling,or formal education,consists of experiences that are carefully planned to help young people learn what adults consider important for them to know and how they should respond to choices. While almost everyone accepts the goal of developing skills in the three R�s—reading,writing and arithmetic—it often seems impossible to reach agreement on any goal beyond that.In the broadest terms,the conflict over educational goals can be viewed as a conflict between two groups of people—conservatives and liberals(自由派). The conservatives tend to identify a desirable education with the transmission of the cultural knowledge,offering courses featuring the three R�s at the elementary level and academic(普通文化课的)studies or strong vocational(职业的)or business courses in the secondary school.They stress training of the mind and development of abilities. The liberals tend to be interested in the development of the “whole child,”not merely in training his mind or in preparing him for adult life in a remote future.They emphasize rich,meaningful school living in the present,and they view subject matter as a resource for total human development rather than as a goal in itself.They believe that content should be acquired not for its own sake but as a means of encouraging thought and inquiry.26�What Horace Mann means is that.A�education is essential for man�s growthB�an apple is delicious only when it is ripeC�a man is like a child without proper educationD�education can be compared to the growth of an apple tree【】27�At school,children.A�find it hard to win wisdomB�have choices in what they learnC�are taught what adults select for them to learnD�learn how they should respond to teachers� questions【】28�The three R�s does not include.A�arithmeticB�writingC�readingD�reasoning【】29�It�s most unlikely that the conservatives should emphasize.A�the teaching of basic cultural knowledgeB�courses in three R�s in the elementary schoolC�courses such as modern physics and marketing at the secondary levelD�the development of the student as an individual person【】30�The liberals hold that.A�the goal of school education is mainly to prepare students for adult lifeB�teaching activities should be rich and meaningful to the studentsC�course content should be learned and remembered for future useD�book knowledge is the only resource for learning【】Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. It has been a wide�spread belief that the American family is dying.But a new study reveals that the American family is stronger than ever.This study affords surprising evidence of the persistence of American commitments to family life. The American family is changing,not dying:It is becoming smaller,men and women are becoming more equal,and the divorce rate is higher.But despite the high divorce rate,marriage has never been more popular.The majority of divorced people remarry,but only 2% marry more than twice.Most marriages last a long time,and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages.Depending on the specific situation,there�s often good reason for teenage marriages to break up. There is no evidence that children receive less attention from mothers who work outside the home than from mothers working inside the home.So far the amount of educational or development time hasn�t varied very much,whether or not the mother works outside the home.In fact,working mothers try to make up for it by setting aside time only for their children. The study shows that television is by far the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century.The most important activity for children up to age 14 is watching television. School is the second most time�consuming activity for children.They spend an average of about 19 hours a week in school.A larger proportion of children go to school now than ever before,and they stay in school longer.Another big change is that the proportion of very young children in day�care centers(日托站) has almost doubled in recent years.Compared with these two dramatic changes in child activity,the changes caused by mothers working outside the home appear very small.31�The main idea of this article is that.A�the American family is dyingB�young people today don�t want to get marriedC�the American family is changing,but it is stronger than everD�education has resulted in dramatic changes in the American family【】32�Which of the following statements is NOT true?A�Marriage is more popular than before.B�Many divorced people remarry.C�The majority of marriages last long.D�Working mothers devote less time to their children.【】33�The author of this article believes that.A�the American family is here to stayB�children should not watch so much televisionC�mothers should not work when their children are smallD�teenage marriages should be encouraged【】34�What is the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century?A�The day�care center.B�Television.C�The schoolD�Development time.【】35�According to the writer,which two major factors have led to the belief that the American family is dying?A�The divorce rate is high and working mothers neglect their children.B�The divorce rate is high and children care more about television than anything else.C�Divorces are becoming increasingly more and many teenage marriages break up.D�Children stay in school longer and mothers have little time to take care of them.【】PART TWOⅣ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36�表扬 v.p 37�橡皮n.r 38�表面n.s 39�厚的a.t 40�蒸汽n.s 41�权力n.p 42�噪声n.n 43�第九num.n 44�大声的a.l 45�方法n.m 46�羞耻n.s 47�紧张n.t 48�非法的a.l 49�运气n.l 50�中间的a.m 51�严重的a.s 52�财富n.w 53�浅的a.s 54�信号n.s 55�胜利n.v Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points,1 point for each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56�Many people feel that the United States(have) a very complicated tax collection system.57�In 1964,the Olympic Games in Tokyo(become) the first program to be transmitted via satellite.58�In the recent past,medical researchers(begin) to emphasize the fact that heart diseases are associated with stress,smoking and a lack of exercise.59�Taxes consist of the money which people pay(support) their government.60�For centuries the Atlantic Ocean kept the Americas from(discover) by the people of Europe.61�The American consumer often feels constantly(disturb) by insurance agents.62�Women tend to engage in more eye contact than men,especially when(talk) to other women.63�Though marriage(practice) in almost all countries of the world,the customs are quite different from one culture to another.64�No one has been able to prove that fish is any(good) for the brain than many other kinds of food.65�If we did not have atmospheric pressure,we(can,not have) automobile tires.Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points for each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66�人所共知，大西洋仅有太平洋一半大。67�人们可以在电视里观看他们想看的任何电影。 68�在过去几年里你在保险上花了多少钱？69�为了不被人误解，你应当认识肢体语言与文化关系密切。70�直至14世纪较精确的地图才开始出现。Ⅶ�Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。 While the quantity of food needed by the body is measured by the amount of energy,or calories,it has,the quality of food is determined by its nutrients.Nutrients are the substances in food that are needed by your body.You can consume enough soft drinks,bread,and potatoes to supply you with enough calories for the energy you need.But these foods will not supply you with all the necessary nutrients your body needs in order to function well. It is believed that there are forty�five nutrients needed by the human body.It is essential that each of them be present in various amounts in a good diet.Each nutrient is responsible for performing a special body function.2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷完全详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure1�【analysis】句中意思为美国人每周有一天的工作是为付高额税的， 因而为目的状语，应用一般式的主动形式。 【key】选D.to pay。2�【analysis】这后半句为强调主语的强调句，意思为这部分最吸引注意， 故应选B�attracts吸引；而A�attacks攻击；C�attaches依附；D�attributes引起，都不对。 【key】选B�attracts。3�【analysis】全句意思为“对你没有任何意义的信息是难以记忆的”。 应为C�sense意义；而trouble苦恼，way方式，mistake错误，都不符合。 【key】选C�sense。4�【analysis】后部分为定语从句说明supermarkets超市，即为场所， 应用D�where。 【key】选D�where。5�【analysis】 以as引出的状语从句，可以把表语提到主语前面来，如Cold as the weather was,it couldn�t cool our enthusiasm for work.故本句应选A�as。 【key】选A�as。6�【analysis】全句意思为“钻石是自然中所发现的最硬的物质”。 应选C�substance物质；而instance实例，circumstance（通常作复数）环境，existence存在，都不合适。 【key】选C�substance。7�【analysis】 数字后说明高应用形容词high,如The house is ten meters high。 【key】选A�high。8�【analysis】句子含意“好奇心与想像力是重要的品性”， 品性或品质为quality, 而technique技巧，technology工程学，quantity重量，数量都不合适。 【key】选C�qualities。9�【analysis】句子意思为“长期记忆的信息在以后需要的时候能记起来。” 应为D�recalled记起；而A�remark评论；B�remined sb.of sb./sth.使某人回想起来某人；C�removed移开；因句中无of结构，故应为D。 【key】选D�recalled。10�【analysis】be of help有帮助，为习惯用语。 【key】选B�of。Ⅱ�Cloze Test11～12【analysis】句意为“你的心理的或感情的，思想上的需要是重要的。你需要去爱和接受爱。” 11�C�psychological心理的；12�A�to be loved被爱。【key】11�选C；12�选A。13～14【analysis】句意为“你需要感到平安和无忧虑。同时，你需要能自立，你需要激励和多姿多彩以保持大脑活跃和实现个人成熟”。【key】13�选D�independent自立；14�选C�active活跃。15～16【analysis】句意为“你也需要有理性，个人特性，为了了解你自己和你如何适应环境”。【key】15�选A�self;16�选B�who。17～19【analysis】句意为“在所有的感情需要中，爱的需要是最基本的。一生中的不同时段，你会经历不同方式的爱的需要。例如，不能自立的婴儿感到关心的爱护”。【key】17�选C�most最；18�选D�Forexample例如；19�选A�response,in～to应…而。20【analysis】句意为“轻柔触摸和坚定保护能使婴儿对照顾他的人产生信任感”。【key】选B�in。Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension21 【analysis】全文意思为“飞碟指地球上空高速飞行的奇异物体，1947年6月4日美国私人飞机驾驶员，看到天空九个碟形物盘旋，因此报上称之为飞碟，因形状不一，所以美国空军称之为不明飞行物”。21题应为D，即飞碟一般用于指空中飞速快的奇怪物体，即D。 【key】选D.22 【analysis】题意为“最初飞碟名称来自看来如空中运动的碟似物”。 【key】选C.23 【analysis】“空军用不明飞行物是因为这个术语能指代种类较多的物体”。 【key】选C.24 【analysis】“关于从其他行星过来的宇宙飞船的辨认的研究全失败了”。 【key】选D.25 【analysis】“从本文我们知道美国空军研究人员首先用了不明飞行物的术语”。 【key】选B.26【analysis】第二篇阅读理解文章含意为“教育是从出生开始，经学校正规教育，使之学会成人认为重要的经验，即三种技巧——阅读，写作与算术。教育的目标分为保守派与自由派。保守派为传播文化知识，提供三种技巧的文化课与职业专业课，强调思想训练和能力培养。自由派强调当前丰富的有意义的学校生活而且把课程看作全人类发展的才能而不仅是目标的本身”。26题Horace Mann的意思是“教育对人们的成长是必要的”【key】选A.27 【analysis】“在校内，孩子们按大人们为他们所选的教材教学”。 【key】选C.28 【analysis】三R并不包括“推理”。 【key】选D.29 【analysis】“保守派极可能强调学生作为个人培养”。 【key】选D.30 【analysis】自由派认为“教学活动应对学生是富有意义的”。 【key】选B.31 【analysis】第三篇意义为“广泛的信念为美国家庭正在消失，而新的研究揭示美国家庭比以前更牢固了。是正在变化，而并不消亡，是更小了，男女更平等了而离婚率更高了。没有证据说明在家外工作的母亲比在家内干活的对孩子们较少关心。不管是否母亲在家外工作，对孩子的教育培养并无太多的变动。孩子在14岁前最重要的活动是观看电视，而学校成为其次花费时间的活动”。 31题这篇文章主题思想为“美国家庭正在变化，但比以前更牢固了”。 【key】选C.32 【analysis】以下叙述哪点是不正确的？ 应为D�劳动妇女更少时间专心于孩子了。 【key】选D.33 【analysis】本文作者相信， 应为A�美国家庭仍稳固着。 【key】选A.34 【analysis】本世纪新的孩子照料的安排最有影响的是什么？ 应为B.电视。 【key】选B.35 【analysis】按照作者，哪两种主要因素导致美国家庭正在消亡的信念？ 应为A�离婚率高和劳动妇女忽视他们的孩子。 【key】选A.Ⅳ�Word Spelling36 【analysis】表扬 v.p 。 【key】praise37 【analysis】橡皮n.r , 来自rub v.擦。 【key】rubber38 【analysis】表面n.s , sur�超过+face面。 【key】surface39 【analysis
全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. In its broad sense culture is ______ Whatever distinguishes man from the rest part of the world is culture. ()A. social organizations B. the features of the worldC. the attributes of man D. human development2. ______ is，perhaps，the best known subject in which the interaction between language，thought and culture is investigated. ()A. Nonverbal communication B. Intercultural communicationC. Verbal communication D. Translation3. Culture is a loan word from . ()A. French B. LatinC. Roman D. Norwegian4. “Greenhouse” in English and “温室” in Chinese differ in their ______ meaning. ()A. social B. conceptualC. thematic D. reflected5. ______ is a grammatical category of nouns in English，as illustrated by the simple sentence “We are students”. ()A. Person B. CaseC. Number D. Degree6. Westerners tend to be ______ thinkers. ()A. holistic B. subjectiveC. analytic D. objective7. When English speaking people part，they are expected to say“ ______”. ()A. It’s nice to have met you B. I am pleased to meet youC. Thank you very much D. You are welcome8. If a compliment comes to a westerner for his good Chinese，he would reply“______ ”. ()A. No. No. That’s not true B. Thank you for encouraging meC. Sorry，I can’t speaking Chinese well D. Thank you. I am glad to hear that9. ______ contain folk wisdom rather than scientific accuracy. ()A. Idioms B. MetaphorsC. Similes D. Proverbs10. The proverb “Carry coals to Newcastle” is related to ______. ()A. navigation B. geographyC. literature D. Christianity11. The English equivalent for “开某人的玩笑” or “捉弄某人” is “______ ”. ()A. to kid somebody’s brain B. to make one’s faceC. to get one’s hand D. to pull somebody’s leg12. The colour word “______” is associated with profit in business. ()A. white B. blueC. red D. black13. “I’m disadvantaged，for I still don’t have a cent to my name. ” In the above sentence，the word “disadvantaged” means ______. ()A. unfavourable B. disagreedC. poor D. nameless14. Anything that is ______ by religion，tradition or social usage is a taboo. ()A. prohibited B. allowedC. unprohibited D. encouraged15. Man: Would you like to see a movie with me tonight? () Woman: It looks like raining. The above sentences are linked by ______. A. grammar B. lexicalC. phonetics D. meaning16. John overslept this morning. Otherwise he wouldn’t have been late for school. () The logical relationship between the above sentences is______. A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal17. The word “______” is American spelling. ()A. colour B. travellerC. metre D. defense18. Nike is the name of ______ in Greek mythology. ()A. a heroine B. the goddess of victoryC. the goddess of fortune D. a wealthy lady19. The nonverbal messages that are consistent with accompanying verbal messages，but add to or strengthen or clarify the verbal message serve the function of ______. ()A. regulating B. repeatingC. complementing D. accenting20. “Rubbing one’s thumb against one’s forefinger and middle finger” means ______ in English body language system. ()A. victory B. dirtC. OK D. moneyⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. ______can convey messages in face-to-face communication. ()A. Gestures B. Written symbolsC. Facial expressions D. Phonetic alphabets22. English words borrowed from Latin are normally used in ______ contexts. ()A. informal B. academicC. religious D. intimate23. ______ are a category of the subjunctive mood in English. ()A. Mandative subjunctives B. Formulaic subjunctivesC. Conditionals D. Assumptives24. In a telephone call，if the person wanted is not available，it is customary for the English speaking person to say “______”. ()A. Thank you for calling. B. Hold on a moment. C. May I take a message? D. Would you like to leave a message?25. English proverbs can be classified into ______ categories. ()A. Christianity B. sexismC. individualism D. metaphors26. Which of the following are metaphorical expressions about ideas? ()A. He is the father of modern biology. B. His ideas will live on forever. C. I’ve had a full life. D. Life is empty for him. 27. --- Pass me the salt. () --- Pass me the salt，please. --- Would you please pass me the salt? The above utterances are arranged in an order of increasing degrees of______. A. formality B. informalityC. politeness D. impoliteness28. In a normal text，sentences are connected . ()A. informally B. formallyC. hypotactically D. paratactically29. In Chinese newspapers，______ are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers. ()A. political achievements B. cultural achievementsC. crimes D. disasters30. Our body odours may be affected by ______. ()A. orientation of house B. exercise scheduleC. drinking water D. emotional stateⅢ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. Value systems，world views，national traits，aesthetic standards and thinking patterns are often regarded as the central part of ______. 32. Major English speaking countries，especially the United States，are “countries on the ______”，which is illustrated by such words as “drive-ins”，“motels”，and “diners”. 33. Subjects and ______ are not so frequently omitted in English as in Chinese，as illustrated by the sentence “This book is very interesting，Would you like to read it?”34. In English speaking cultures，it is customary for the person calling or the elderly person to hang up the receiver ______. 35. “A Trojan horse” is an allusion derived from ______. 36. The English speaking people use the word “chicken” metaphorically to refer to a ______. 37. Many plant and place names such as “poker” and “Mississippi” in American English come from ______. 38. It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more ______ than English advertising. 39. The ______ zone ranges from touching to 18 inches. It is usually reserved for the very few special people in our lives who are very close to us. 40. Technical time refers to precise，scientific ______ of time counted in ordered， logical sequences. Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly. (12 %)41. What does the statement “Language is the carrier and container of culture. ” mean?42. Is “spiritual” a true equivalent to“精神上的”?43. How is the letter “i” pronounced differently when it occurs before “le” in American and British English?44. What does the gesture “touching or pointing to one’s own nose by raised thumb” signify in western culture?Ⅴ. Translation. (18 % )45. Men and women，old and young，all joined in the battle. 46. God help those who help themselves. 47. Many people intend to get white-collar jobs after graduation. 48. 请赐教。49. 敬请光临寒舍。50. 2011年11月1日上午8点火车将到达北京。Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics. (20 %)51. What is your interpretation of the proverb “An Englishman’s house is his castle” and people’s behaviours related to the proverb?52. How would you define “common core English” from the viewpoint of the speaking style?
全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. In its broad sense culture is ______ Whatever distinguishes man from the rest part of the world is culture. ()A. social organizations B. the features of the worldC. the attributes of man D. human development2. ______ is，perhaps，the best known subject in which the interaction between language，thought and culture is investigated. ()A. Nonverbal communication B. Intercultural communicationC. Verbal communication D. Translation3. Culture is a loan word from . ()A. French B. LatinC. Roman D. Norwegian4. “Greenhouse” in English and “温室” in Chinese differ in their ______ meaning. ()A. social B. conceptualC. thematic D. reflected5. ______ is a grammatical category of nouns in English，as illustrated by the simple sentence “We are students”. ()A. Person B. CaseC. Number D. Degree6. Westerners tend to be ______ thinkers. ()A. holistic B. subjectiveC. analytic D. objective7. When English speaking people part，they are expected to say“ ______”. ()A. It’s nice to have met you B. I am pleased to meet youC. Thank you very much D. You are welcome8. If a compliment comes to a westerner for his good Chinese，he would reply“______ ”. ()A. No. No. That’s not true B. Thank you for encouraging meC. Sorry，I can’t speaking Chinese well D. Thank you. I am glad to hear that9. ______ contain folk wisdom rather than scientific accuracy. ()A. Idioms B. MetaphorsC. Similes D. Proverbs10. The proverb “Carry coals to Newcastle” is related to ______. ()A. navigation B. geographyC. literature D. Christianity11. The English equivalent for “开某人的玩笑” or “捉弄某人” is “______ ”. ()A. to kid somebody’s brain B. to make one’s faceC. to get one’s hand D. to pull somebody’s leg12. The colour word “______” is associated with profit in business. ()A. white B. blueC. red D. black13. “I’m disadvantaged，for I still don’t have a cent to my name. ” In the above sentence，the word “disadvantaged” means ______. ()A. unfavourable B. disagreedC. poor D. nameless14. Anything that is ______ by religion，tradition or social usage is a taboo. ()A. prohibited B. allowedC. unprohibited D. encouraged15. Man: Would you like to see a movie with me tonight? () Woman: It looks like raining. The above sentences are linked by ______. A. grammar B. lexicalC. phonetics D. meaning16. John overslept this morning. Otherwise he wouldn’t have been late for school. () The logical relationship between the above sentences is______. A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal17. The word “______” is American spelling. ()A. colour B. travellerC. metre D. defense18. Nike is the name of ______ in Greek mythology. ()A. a heroine B. the goddess of victoryC. the goddess of fortune D. a wealthy lady19. The nonverbal messages that are consistent with accompanying verbal messages，but add to or strengthen or clarify the verbal message serve the function of ______. ()A. regulating B. repeatingC. complementing D. accenting20. “Rubbing one’s thumb against one’s forefinger and middle finger” means ______ in English body language system. ()A. victory B. dirtC. OK D. moneyⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. ______can convey messages in face-to-face communication. ()A. Gestures B. Written symbolsC. Facial expressions D. Phonetic alphabets22. English words borrowed from Latin are normally used in ______ contexts. ()A. informal B. academicC. religious D. intimate23. ______ are a category of the subjunctive mood in English. ()A. Mandative subjunctives B. Formulaic subjunctivesC. Conditionals D. Assumptives24. In a telephone call，if the person wanted is not available，it is customary for the English speaking person to say “______”. ()A. Thank you for calling. B. Hold on a moment. C. May I take a message? D. Would you like to leave a message?25. English proverbs can be classified into ______ categories. ()A. Christianity B. sexismC. individualism D. metaphors26. Which of the following are metaphorical expressions about ideas? ()A. He is the father of modern biology. B. His ideas will live on forever. C. I’ve had a full life. D. Life is empty for him. 27. --- Pass me the salt. () --- Pass me the salt，please. --- Would you please pass me the salt? The above utterances are arranged in an order of increasing degrees of______. A. formality B. informalityC. politeness D. impoliteness28. In a normal text，sentences are connected . ()A. informally B. formallyC. hypotactically D. paratactically29. In Chinese newspapers，______ are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers. ()A. political achievements B. cultural achievementsC. crimes D. disasters30. Our body odours may be affected by ______. ()A. orientation of house B. exercise scheduleC. drinking water D. emotional stateⅢ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. Value systems，world views，national traits，aesthetic standards and thinking patterns are often regarded as the central part of ______. 32. Major English speaking countries，especially the United States，are “countries on the ______”，which is illustrated by such words as “drive-ins”，“motels”，and “diners”. 33. Subjects and ______ are not so frequently omitted in English as in Chinese，as illustrated by the sentence “This book is very interesting，Would you like to read it?”34. In English speaking cultures，it is customary for the person calling or the elderly person to hang up the receiver ______. 35. “A Trojan horse” is an allusion derived from ______. 36. The English speaking people use the word “chicken” metaphorically to refer to a ______. 37. Many plant and place names such as “poker” and “Mississippi” in American English come from ______. 38. It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more ______ than English advertising. 39. The ______ zone ranges from touching to 18 inches. It is usually reserved for the very few special people in our lives who are very close to us. 40. Technical time refers to precise，scientific ______ of time counted in ordered， logical sequences. Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly. (12 %)41. What does the statement “Language is the carrier and container of culture. ” mean?42. Is “spiritual” a true equivalent to“精神上的”?43. How is the letter “i” pronounced differently when it occurs before “le” in American and British English?44. What does the gesture “touching or pointing to one’s own nose by raised thumb” signify in western culture?Ⅴ. Translation. (18 % )45. Men and women，old and young，all joined in the battle. 46. God help those who help themselves. 47. Many people intend to get white-collar jobs after graduation. 48. 请赐教。49. 敬请光临寒舍。50. 2011年11月1日上午8点火车将到达北京。Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics. (20 %)51. What is your interpretation of the proverb “An Englishman’s house is his castle” and people’s behaviours related to the proverb?52. How would you define “common core English” from the viewpoint of the speaking style?
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教务老师，听见很多自考的同学在问初中毕业自考什么专业好(初中毕业自考都考什么)相关问题，那么今天教务老师来告诉同学们这些问题的解答！初中文化可以自考什么专科初中学历可以参加，基本上只要自考有的专业，都可以报考。但因为初中学历基础比较差，建议读自考的文科类。因为文科类的专业容易读一些，比较容易过关的专业是文科类专业，如法律、企业管理、国际关系、中文、文秘、国际贸易、公共关系、行政管理等专业比较好考些，其中最容易考试过关的是行政政管理专业，主要是不需要理科的基础。但不论是否容易些，自考是所有成人教育中最难考的，还是需要好好复习才能过关。自考分为自考专科和自考本科。自考专科的开设是为了让更多人有机会提升学历，也是为了给社会培养更多的专业人才。所以自考专科的报考条件，门槛设得很低。只要是中国公民，不限年龄、性别、民族、居住地、已受教育程度，均可免入学考试直接报考。想要自考提高自己的可以选培训机构，明世集团在职业教育领域为开放大学、职业院校，提供信息化管理系统的解决方案，联合众多职业教育专家成立明世职业教育研究院，与职业院校共建在线职业大学。明世集团为培训机构打造从市场推广—直播教学—学生管理—在线考试为一体的信息化解决方案，现已服务近千家教育培训机构。初中毕业自考什么专业比较好？1，自考无任何限制，小学文凭没有都可以报考，只用身份证或户口簿去常住地区招生考试办公室报名。每门课程40元。2，先在省自考网上报名，然后去报考点去确定交钱。第一次一定要去报考点交钱办准考证，以后在交通银行办张交行卡在网上报考。3，自考的内容基本上是教辅《自考通》或《一考通》上的重点提示或原题，历年试卷上的考点很多重复考，比较有规律，平时多做教辅习题，考前多做历年试卷和模拟试卷，过关不成问题。4，如果中学基础差就报：行政管理，法律，汉语言文学，学前教育等无数学的专业，这些专业是自考高过关率专业，很多只有初中基础的考生都已过关拿证。5，从2014年开始，湖北省一年就三次。有的地方是两次。6，一般一次四门全部报满最好。7，自考的难度无法与普通高考和中考相比，基础差的考生报无数学的专业应该可以过关。8，专科和本科可以一起考，考专科是无任何限制的，但是办本科毕业证必需要有专科毕业证。考试规律总结1，自考的内容就是教辅《自考通》或《一考通》上的重点提示或原题。多做教辅习题。2，自考历年试卷上考点有些重复考，最近四年的试卷要多做。模拟试卷要多做。3，考试前三周死拼教辅。光看教材效果不显著，多关注教辅才是关键。4，考试难度大的题目占百分三十不到，将简单题和中等题掌握就行了。5，如果是记忆的话：将每段话的第一句强记住，后面的内容掌握大义即可。文科和理科有区别的，文科宏观性强。只要你答题不跑偏，大义写对就可捞分。6，多项选择实在拿不了主意：ABCDE全选满，总能碰对几分。7，考前三周反复做《自考通》或《一考通》，记住重点提示和习题。模拟试卷和历年试卷上的题目每天做一套，力争全面掌控。最牛自考生2002年3月19日，14岁的上海少年丁磊，8岁开始自考.经过6年的艰苦奋斗，终于拿到了山东大学计算机信息管理专业的本科文凭，成为我国目前年龄最小的自考本科生当我们连夜赶到上海，向他表示祝贺时，见他又在捧着一本厚厚的英文版《编译原理技术与工具》，准备他的下一步计划——考硕攻博。我们在他8平方米不到的寒舍里，听他成长的故事。2004年3月，14岁的陇原少年王大可，以优异的成绩考取了北京大学数学科学院2004届基础数学硕士研究生。他因此成为北京大学历史上年龄最小的研究生，被国内许多媒体称为“神童”。全国最小自考生考上北大研究生[4]全国庞大的自考生大军中，年龄最小的是王大可：小学仅上了一个月，9岁自考本科，14岁考上北大硕士研究生。惊叹之余，不少人难免心存疑惑：他是如何完成中、小学教育的？他有本科文凭吗？天资聪慧但却从小体弱多病的王大可，直到8岁才上小学一年级。入校没多长时间，他竟然向班主任提出：直接参加六年级的数学考试！在众人怀疑的目光中，他按规定的时间答完了六年级的数学试卷，获得满分。原来，在父母亲的辅导和刻苦自学下，大可6岁时就学完了小学数学，7岁时学完了初中数学，8岁时学完了高中数学，用当年高考满分150分的数学试题测试，他得分146分。从9岁起，王大可结束了只有个把月的正规学校生活，开始踏上了自学考试之路。到今年6月，王大可通过了自学考试数学专科和本科的全部课程，数学专业课程的成绩都在80分到95分，公共课程的考分在64分与78分之间。2004年5月21日，在西北师大数学与信息科学学院举行的本科论文答辩中，王大可的毕业论文“传染病数学模型的建立与分析”获得了85分的较高分。专家在他的论文上写下了这样的评语：论文中数学模型建立正确，推理清晰，语言表达明确，是一篇相当不错的本科论文。王大可2004年北大读研时[6]2004年9月6日,王大可到北大已经快半个月了，已接受了校内和校外的好几家媒体的采访。“一见报，就带来了很多麻烦，以前我就是学习，后来我们楼上的人也开始关心这事了。”他说，接受媒体采访后，周围的环境发生了很大的变化，也给他带来了很多麻烦。王大可爸爸也担心孩子接受媒体采访会影响学习，“现在的学习压力很大，接受媒体采访会对孩子的成长和学习都不利。”因怕王大可不会照顾好自己，他爸爸已经在北京呆了半个月了。同时，也限制跟大可在一起的时间，每天只在晚上7时左右陪上王大可半个小时左右，“就是想锻炼一下他的独立能力。”到北京大学读研是大可的愿望。这次他参加北大研究生考试，原本是想为明年正式考试做准备，没想到顺利过关。考虑到王大可年龄尚小，数学学院专门为他制订了培养计划。不会英语的初中生，自考报什么专业好？初中学历可以自考什么专业以上就是全国地区自考教材服务网分享关于初中毕业自考什么专业好(初中毕业自考都考什么)的全部内容，更多自考教材和自考历年真题及答案，自考视频网课，自考教材购买首页搜索科目代码即可，也可以咨询在线客服！自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
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