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Mandarin nam
这门课没有任何技巧而言，必须要死记硬背这门课本身就是大段理论相当多捷径的话就是考前去学校门口买题，十块一本，小本打小抄那种但不常有
一、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1．语素可以定义为（最小的有意义）的语言成分。2．一个词的语法功能指的是这个词在句法结构里所能占据的（ 语法位置）。3．任何句法结构都可以从两个方面观察：既可以作为一个复杂的结构看它的内部结构，也可以当作一个整体看它的（语法功能 ）。4．从句子的功能来看，可以把它分成陈述句、疑问句、称呼句、感叹句和（祈使句 ）。5．词是反映词的（语法功能 ）的类，尽管同一词类在意义上也有一定的共同点。6．谓词性成分转化为体词性成分的主要手段是（“的”字结构 ）。7．谓词性主语可以分成（指称性的 ）和陈述性的两类。8．主语和谓语的关系可以从结构、语义和（表达 ）三个不同的方面来观察。9．“站”、“世纪”这样的词直接放在数词后头的时候，叫做（准量词 ）。10．形容词或动词前边加上“个”变成体词性结构以后充任的宾语叫（程度宾语 ）。二、单项选择题（每小题 1 分，共 20 分）在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其字母标号填入题干的括号内。11．在分析一种语言的语音结构时，最小的单位是（A ） A音位 B音节 C语素 D元音12．汉语的语素绝大部分都是（C ）A两个音节的 B三音节的 C单音节的D多音节的13．在多音节单纯词里，一个汉字代表的是（ C） A无意义的音位 B有意义的音节 C无意义的音节 D有意义的音位14．下列不是偏正结构的是（C ） A精品书 B九个孩子C打扫房间 D旧报纸15． “写文章”和“写清楚”分别是（ A）A述宾结构、述补结构B偏正结构、联合结构C述补结构、偏正结构D述补结构、主谓结构16．有关合成词“好好儿的”，以下分析不正确的是（C ）A它是附加式的合成词B它的词根部分是重叠式C“好好”是音节“好”的重迭式。D“的”附加在“好好儿”上，“儿”附加在“好好”上17．属于区别词的是（ C） A酸性B高级 C初级 D低级18．下面说法正确的是（D ）A实词是封闭类，虚词是开放类B实词表示事物、动作、行为等等，虚词起语法作用，但也有具体的意义C实词都是自由的，虚词绝大部分是粘着的D实词能充当主语、宾语或谓语，虚词不能19．不属于准宾语的是（B ） A醒了两次 B扫扫地 C去超市 D来了客人20．属于连谓结构的是（B ） A唱歌跳舞 B跟你开玩笑 C笑得肚子疼D喜欢读书21．“很危险”、“有危险”中的“危险”是（D ） A名词 B形容词 C名动词D名形词22．下面的说法正确的是（A ）A代词可以是体词性的，也可以是谓词性的B代词本身的语法功能和它所替代的词的语法功能一致C代词可以分为人称代词和指示代词两种D“这么”所替代的词是体词性的23．下面的“想”属于助动词的是（B ） A很想妈妈 B她想去跳舞 C她想了很多 D她想自己也许来晚了24．“看不见”是（D ） A趋向补语 B粘合式述补结构 C结果补语 D 组合式述补结构25．与有定宾语不同的是，无定宾语可以出现在（C ） A述语之后 B复合趋向补语中间 C整个述补结构之后 D主语与谓语之间26．下面句子中属于复句的是（A ）A小明下了地铁，上了112路公交车。B肖玲听说，公司换了个会计。C这些花儿的特点是，颜色淡雅，香味浓郁。D为了孩子弹好钢琴，父母没少费劲。27．下列不是准定语的是（A ） A我的书丢了 B张三的原告，李四的被告C他的篮球打得好 D我来帮你的忙28．下面说法不正确的是（C ）A分句和分句之间有意义上的联系B分句有时用连词连接。C连词是作为结构成分来看待的。D有的分句是定位的。29．以下宾语不是虚指的是（ D） A笑什么？别笑了。 B唱它一段 C她说她的 D看了回京戏30．“提起这个人啊，可是大大有名。”中“啊”的作用是（B ） A进行对比 B引起注意 C表示列举 D举个例子三、分析题（第32题6分，其余每小题4分，共42分）31．按要求将下列语素归类（如有交*，可以重复选择）。来 日 失 呢 金 民 好 我自由语素（ ） 粘着语素（ ）定位语素（ ） 不定位语素（ ）自由语素（好来我） 粘着语素（日失呢金民） 定位语素（金民日失） 不定位语素（呢）32．“手表”、“白菜”、“铁路”、“牛肉”“火车”是词还是词组，请具体分析。几个结构的组成成分都是自由的。“手表”、“火车”不能扩展，是词。“白菜”、“铁路”“牛肉”虽能够扩展，但扩展后的意义有变化，因此也是词。33．“爬过山没有？”和“爬过山就到了”中的“过”有什么区别？前一句中的“过”是动词后缀，后面不能再加后缀“了”；后一句中的“过”则是动词做补语，“爬过”是述补结构，后面还能加后缀“了”。两句话因此意思也不同。34．分析“满满儿的”、“他们的”、和“慢慢的”中的“的”有什么不同。“满满儿的”中的“的”是状态形容词后缀，“他们的”中的“的”是助词。“慢慢的”中的“的”是副词后缀。35．“有人”的否定形式是“没有人”，“没有来”的肯定形式不是“有来”，而是“来了”，为什么?两个格式的宾语不同，意思也不一样。“没有人”的“没有”加在体词性成分前边，表示不存在，文言文说“无”，“没有来”的“没有”加在谓词性成分前，表示动作没有完成或是事情没有发生，文言文说“未”。36．“他自己开车”和“他自己知道”在句法结构上一样吗？不一样。前一句主语是“他”，谓语是主谓结构“自己开车”，“他”和“自己”没有直接的结构关系。后一句是同位结构“他自己”做主语。37．将以下句子的主语按要求归类①你的话解不开他的心结。②那支枪不知什么时候丢了。③所有的道理都讲过了。④那位新同事领导还没见过他。⑤这种纸质的杯子用不了多久。⑥每个小朋友都发一个。受事主语（ ） 与事主语（ ） 工具主语（ ）受事主语（②③） 与事主语（④⑥） 工具主语（①⑤）38．举例分析语气词在句中停顿处的作用。①作为停顿的标记。②表示某种语气。（例略）39．请用层次分析法分析下列语法结构的层次和结构关系。①热切盼望他到来②培养阅读的兴趣和养成好学的习惯①热切盼望他到来主谓└ 偏正┘└主谓┘②养成读书的习惯和提高理解的能力联合└ 述宾 ┘└ 述宾 ┘└ 偏正┘ └ 偏正┘40．用划线加注法分析下面多重复句的层次关系。简洁并不是简单，它是以充实为前提的，因此，只有对要表达的事物非常熟悉，能抓住其要点，才能做到简洁。简洁并不是简单，‖它是以充实为并列前提的，｜因此，只有对要表达的事物非常熟因果悉，｜‖能抓住其要点，‖才能做到简洁。并列 条件四、简答题41．联合结构与并立式复合词有什么不同？联合结构的项数是没有限制的，是可扩展的，并立式复合词限于两项，不能扩展。联合结构的语法功能跟它的组成部分语法功能基本上一致，并立式复合词则不一定。从意义上说，联合结构每一项都是实指，而且各有独立的意义，并立式复合词的每一项意义是比况性的。42．举例分析形容词做状态补语的两种情况。形容词做状态补语的两种情况是A“飞得高”B“飞得很高”、“飞得高高的”。A的状态补语是单个的形容词，B的状态补语是“程度副词＋形容词”或状态形容词。两类格式表示的意义不同，A是断言，B是描写；A是静态的，B是动态的；A不包含量的概念，B包含量的概念。从语法功能上来看，B可以受“早就、已经、连忙”等时间副词的修饰，A则不可。B可以跟“把、被、给”等介词连用，A不行。B可以做状语，A不行。（例略）43．述宾结构的述语往往表示动作或行为，宾语表示跟这种动作或行为有联系的事物。宾语与述语的联系具体表现为什么？请举例说明。①宾语表示动作或行为的对象（受事）。②宾语所指的事物是动作或行为产生的。③宾语表示处所。④宾语表示动作或行为的主动者（施事）。（例略）五、论述题。44．如何分辨词和词组？现代汉语中有哪些确定词的界限的方式？有什么缺陷？请举例说明。①根据能不能单独成句来确定汉语的词是有困难的。②单纯根据语言成分活动能力的强弱来确定词的界限也是不足的。③扩展法是根据语言成分结合的紧密程度来确定词和非词的界限的。④单纯从意义方面判定词的界限也是行不通的。判定词的界限要综合运用以上几种方法。(例略）
2003年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案 Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1�Since Americans pay very high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week justtheir taxes.A�pay B�to be paying C�paid D�to pay【】2�Advertising is only part of the total sales effort,but it is the part thatthe most attention.A�attacks B�attracts C�attaches D�attributes【】3�Information that does not make any to you is difficult to remember.A�trouble B�way C�sense D�mistake【】4�The United States is known for its supermarkets,huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.A�which B�that C�when D�where【】5�The ants,hardworkingthey are,have time for play.A�as B�but C�so D�lest【】6�Diamonds are the hardestfound in nature.A�instance B�circumstance C�substance D�existence【】7�Large and powerful,the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles.A�high B�higher C�highly D�height【】8�Curiosity and imagination are importantwhich help stimulate the discovery of new facts and the laws of science.A�techniques B�technologies C�qualities D�quantities【】9�Information in long�term memory can beat a later time when it is needed.A�remarked B�reminded C�removed D�recalled【】10�Insurance agents are always friendly,well dressed,and cager to behelp.A�for B�of C�from D�into【】Ⅱ�Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For human beings there is more to living than just staying alive.Therefore,your 11,or emotional and mental needs are important.You need to love and 12.You need to feel safe and secure.At the same time,you need to feel13.You need stimulation and variety to keep your brain14and to achieve personal growth.You also need to have a sense of 15,a personal identity,in order to know 16you are and how you fit in the environment. Of all the emotional needs,a need for love is the17basic.At different times in life,you experience the need for love in different ways.18.a helpless baby feels love in 19to care.Love means being kept dry and warm and being fed.Gentle touch and firm support create a feeling of trust20 the baby for the people who care for it. 11�A�physical B�political C�psychological D�educational【】12�A�to be loved B�to be loving �to have loved D�to be for love【】13�A�depend B�depended C�dependent D�independent【】14�A�act B�acted C�active D�action【】15�A�self B�own C�you D�yours【】16�A�that B�who C�which D�how【】17�A�much B�more C�most D�very【】18�A�In addition B�On the average C�Of course D�For example【】19�A�response B�regard C�terms D�view【】20�A�at B�in C�with D�by【】Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage one Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. The term “flying saucer”refers to strange objects travelling through the earth�s atmosphere at very high speeds.Thousands of people all over the world claim to have seen them.Some believe them to be spaceships from other planets.Others insist that they are a secret type of aircraft being built on earth.Many people maintain that they are only natural phenomena happening under special temperature,light,or weather conditions All reports,however,agree that the strange objects move at extremely high speeds and fail to follow the laws of motion by reversing(逆转) direction instantly without slowing down. In the United States,the first flying saucers were reported on June 4,1947,by a private plane pilot.He saw nine objects travelling in the sky.Each was disk�shaped and very bright.Because their movements were compared to those of a “saucer skimming across the water”, newspaper reporters called them “flying saucers”. Some weeks after the first reported sighting,the United States Air Force was given the job of investigating all the reports of flying saucers.Because of the confusing variety of shapes,sizes,and colors reported,the Air Force adopted the term Unidentified Flying Objects(UFO) to describe them. Since the Air Force officials began their investigation of flying saucers,they have identified most of the objects as stars,planes,man�made satellites,experimental missiles(导弹),or weather phenomena.Some of the UFO reports,including photographs,were deliberate(蓄意的)tricks made to cheat people. All the research so far has failed to prove that UFOs are spaceships coming from outside the earth.Most investigators agree,however,that more study is needed before the question of whether or not flying saucers really exist can be answered.21�The term“flying saucer” is generally used to refer to.A�spaceships from other planetsB�a secret type of aircraft being builtC�some natural phenomenaD�strange objects flying very fast in the sky【】22�The first flying saucers got their name.A�from a private plane pilot who saw themB�for their brightness in colorC�because they looked like disks moving in the airD�because they skimmed across the water【】23�The Air Force preferred the term UFO because.A�newspaper reporters used itB�the term “flying saucer” was very confusingC�UFO is a general term that can refer to a larger variety of objectsD�the Air Force didn�t find any objects that looked like flying saucers【】24�All the research has failed to identify any UFOs as.A�man�made satellitesB�aircraftC�experimental missilesD�spaceships sent from other planets【】25�From this passage we know that.A�the US Air Force was the first reporter of flying saucersB�the term UFO was first used by the US Air Force investigatorsC�UFOs are not worth further investigationD�the question of whether there exist flying saucers has already been answered 【】Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. The American educator Horace Mann once said:“As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe,so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated.”Education is the process through which man attempts to pass on to his children his hard�won wisdom and his ideals of a better world.This process begins shortly after birth,as parents seek to train the infant to behave as his culture demands.Schooling,or formal education,consists of experiences that are carefully planned to help young people learn what adults consider important for them to know and how they should respond to choices. While almost everyone accepts the goal of developing skills in the three R�s—reading,writing and arithmetic—it often seems impossible to reach agreement on any goal beyond that.In the broadest terms,the conflict over educational goals can be viewed as a conflict between two groups of people—conservatives and liberals(自由派). The conservatives tend to identify a desirable education with the transmission of the cultural knowledge,offering courses featuring the three R�s at the elementary level and academic(普通文化课的)studies or strong vocational(职业的)or business courses in the secondary school.They stress training of the mind and development of abilities. The liberals tend to be interested in the development of the “whole child,”not merely in training his mind or in preparing him for adult life in a remote future.They emphasize rich,meaningful school living in the present,and they view subject matter as a resource for total human development rather than as a goal in itself.They believe that content should be acquired not for its own sake but as a means of encouraging thought and inquiry.26�What Horace Mann means is that.A�education is essential for man�s growthB�an apple is delicious only when it is ripeC�a man is like a child without proper educationD�education can be compared to the growth of an apple tree【】27�At school,children.A�find it hard to win wisdomB�have choices in what they learnC�are taught what adults select for them to learnD�learn how they should respond to teachers� questions【】28�The three R�s does not include.A�arithmeticB�writingC�readingD�reasoning【】29�It�s most unlikely that the conservatives should emphasize.A�the teaching of basic cultural knowledgeB�courses in three R�s in the elementary schoolC�courses such as modern physics and marketing at the secondary levelD�the development of the student as an individual person【】30�The liberals hold that.A�the goal of school education is mainly to prepare students for adult lifeB�teaching activities should be rich and meaningful to the studentsC�course content should be learned and remembered for future useD�book knowledge is the only resource for learning【】Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. It has been a wide�spread belief that the American family is dying.But a new study reveals that the American family is stronger than ever.This study affords surprising evidence of the persistence of American commitments to family life. The American family is changing,not dying:It is becoming smaller,men and women are becoming more equal,and the divorce rate is higher.But despite the high divorce rate,marriage has never been more popular.The majority of divorced people remarry,but only 2% marry more than twice.Most marriages last a long time,and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages.Depending on the specific situation,there�s often good reason for teenage marriages to break up. There is no evidence that children receive less attention from mothers who work outside the home than from mothers working inside the home.So far the amount of educational or development time hasn�t varied very much,whether or not the mother works outside the home.In fact,working mothers try to make up for it by setting aside time only for their children. The study shows that television is by far the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century.The most important activity for children up to age 14 is watching television. School is the second most time�consuming activity for children.They spend an average of about 19 hours a week in school.A larger proportion of children go to school now than ever before,and they stay in school longer.Another big change is that the proportion of very young children in day�care centers(日托站) has almost doubled in recent years.Compared with these two dramatic changes in child activity,the changes caused by mothers working outside the home appear very small.31�The main idea of this article is that.A�the American family is dyingB�young people today don�t want to get marriedC�the American family is changing,but it is stronger than everD�education has resulted in dramatic changes in the American family【】32�Which of the following statements is NOT true?A�Marriage is more popular than before.B�Many divorced people remarry.C�The majority of marriages last long.D�Working mothers devote less time to their children.【】33�The author of this article believes that.A�the American family is here to stayB�children should not watch so much televisionC�mothers should not work when their children are smallD�teenage marriages should be encouraged【】34�What is the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century?A�The day�care center.B�Television.C�The schoolD�Development time.【】35�According to the writer,which two major factors have led to the belief that the American family is dying?A�The divorce rate is high and working mothers neglect their children.B�The divorce rate is high and children care more about television than anything else.C�Divorces are becoming increasingly more and many teenage marriages break up.D�Children stay in school longer and mothers have little time to take care of them.【】PART TWOⅣ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36�表扬 v.p 37�橡皮n.r 38�表面n.s 39�厚的a.t 40�蒸汽n.s 41�权力n.p 42�噪声n.n 43�第九num.n 44�大声的a.l 45�方法n.m 46�羞耻n.s 47�紧张n.t 48�非法的a.l 49�运气n.l 50�中间的a.m 51�严重的a.s 52�财富n.w 53�浅的a.s 54�信号n.s 55�胜利n.v Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points,1 point for each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56�Many people feel that the United States(have) a very complicated tax collection system.57�In 1964,the Olympic Games in Tokyo(become) the first program to be transmitted via satellite.58�In the recent past,medical researchers(begin) to emphasize the fact that heart diseases are associated with stress,smoking and a lack of exercise.59�Taxes consist of the money which people pay(support) their government.60�For centuries the Atlantic Ocean kept the Americas from(discover) by the people of Europe.61�The American consumer often feels constantly(disturb) by insurance agents.62�Women tend to engage in more eye contact than men,especially when(talk) to other women.63�Though marriage(practice) in almost all countries of the world,the customs are quite different from one culture to another.64�No one has been able to prove that fish is any(good) for the brain than many other kinds of food.65�If we did not have atmospheric pressure,we(can,not have) automobile tires.Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points for each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66�人所共知，大西洋仅有太平洋一半大。67�人们可以在电视里观看他们想看的任何电影。 68�在过去几年里你在保险上花了多少钱？69�为了不被人误解，你应当认识肢体语言与文化关系密切。70�直至14世纪较精确的地图才开始出现。Ⅶ�Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。 While the quantity of food needed by the body is measured by the amount of energy,or calories,it has,the quality of food is determined by its nutrients.Nutrients are the substances in food that are needed by your body.You can consume enough soft drinks,bread,and potatoes to supply you with enough calories for the energy you need.But these foods will not supply you with all the necessary nutrients your body needs in order to function well. It is believed that there are forty�five nutrients needed by the human body.It is essential that each of them be present in various amounts in a good diet.Each nutrient is responsible for performing a special body function.2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷完全详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure1�【analysis】句中意思为美国人每周有一天的工作是为付高额税的， 因而为目的状语，应用一般式的主动形式。 【key】选D.to pay。2�【analysis】这后半句为强调主语的强调句，意思为这部分最吸引注意， 故应选B�attracts吸引；而A�attacks攻击；C�attaches依附；D�attributes引起，都不对。 【key】选B�attracts。3�【analysis】全句意思为“对你没有任何意义的信息是难以记忆的”。 应为C�sense意义；而trouble苦恼，way方式，mistake错误，都不符合。 【key】选C�sense。4�【analysis】后部分为定语从句说明supermarkets超市，即为场所， 应用D�where。 【key】选D�where。5�【analysis】 以as引出的状语从句，可以把表语提到主语前面来，如Cold as the weather was,it couldn�t cool our enthusiasm for work.故本句应选A�as。 【key】选A�as。6�【analysis】全句意思为“钻石是自然中所发现的最硬的物质”。 应选C�substance物质；而instance实例，circumstance（通常作复数）环境，existence存在，都不合适。 【key】选C�substance。7�【analysis】 数字后说明高应用形容词high,如The house is ten meters high。 【key】选A�high。8�【analysis】句子含意“好奇心与想像力是重要的品性”， 品性或品质为quality, 而technique技巧，technology工程学，quantity重量，数量都不合适。 【key】选C�qualities。9�【analysis】句子意思为“长期记忆的信息在以后需要的时候能记起来。” 应为D�recalled记起；而A�remark评论；B�remined sb.of sb./sth.使某人回想起来某人；C�removed移开；因句中无of结构，故应为D。 【key】选D�recalled。10�【analysis】be of help有帮助，为习惯用语。 【key】选B�of。Ⅱ�Cloze Test11～12【analysis】句意为“你的心理的或感情的，思想上的需要是重要的。你需要去爱和接受爱。” 11�C�psychological心理的；12�A�to be loved被爱。【key】11�选C；12�选A。13～14【analysis】句意为“你需要感到平安和无忧虑。同时，你需要能自立，你需要激励和多姿多彩以保持大脑活跃和实现个人成熟”。【key】13�选D�independent自立；14�选C�active活跃。15～16【analysis】句意为“你也需要有理性，个人特性，为了了解你自己和你如何适应环境”。【key】15�选A�self;16�选B�who。17～19【analysis】句意为“在所有的感情需要中，爱的需要是最基本的。一生中的不同时段，你会经历不同方式的爱的需要。例如，不能自立的婴儿感到关心的爱护”。【key】17�选C�most最；18�选D�Forexample例如；19�选A�response,in～to应…而。20【analysis】句意为“轻柔触摸和坚定保护能使婴儿对照顾他的人产生信任感”。【key】选B�in。Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension21 【analysis】全文意思为“飞碟指地球上空高速飞行的奇异物体，1947年6月4日美国私人飞机驾驶员，看到天空九个碟形物盘旋，因此报上称之为飞碟，因形状不一，所以美国空军称之为不明飞行物”。21题应为D，即飞碟一般用于指空中飞速快的奇怪物体，即D。 【key】选D.22 【analysis】题意为“最初飞碟名称来自看来如空中运动的碟似物”。 【key】选C.23 【analysis】“空军用不明飞行物是因为这个术语能指代种类较多的物体”。 【key】选C.24 【analysis】“关于从其他行星过来的宇宙飞船的辨认的研究全失败了”。 【key】选D.25 【analysis】“从本文我们知道美国空军研究人员首先用了不明飞行物的术语”。 【key】选B.26【analysis】第二篇阅读理解文章含意为“教育是从出生开始，经学校正规教育，使之学会成人认为重要的经验，即三种技巧——阅读，写作与算术。教育的目标分为保守派与自由派。保守派为传播文化知识，提供三种技巧的文化课与职业专业课，强调思想训练和能力培养。自由派强调当前丰富的有意义的学校生活而且把课程看作全人类发展的才能而不仅是目标的本身”。26题Horace Mann的意思是“教育对人们的成长是必要的”【key】选A.27 【analysis】“在校内，孩子们按大人们为他们所选的教材教学”。 【key】选C.28 【analysis】三R并不包括“推理”。 【key】选D.29 【analysis】“保守派极可能强调学生作为个人培养”。 【key】选D.30 【analysis】自由派认为“教学活动应对学生是富有意义的”。 【key】选B.31 【analysis】第三篇意义为“广泛的信念为美国家庭正在消失，而新的研究揭示美国家庭比以前更牢固了。是正在变化，而并不消亡，是更小了，男女更平等了而离婚率更高了。没有证据说明在家外工作的母亲比在家内干活的对孩子们较少关心。不管是否母亲在家外工作，对孩子的教育培养并无太多的变动。孩子在14岁前最重要的活动是观看电视，而学校成为其次花费时间的活动”。 31题这篇文章主题思想为“美国家庭正在变化，但比以前更牢固了”。 【key】选C.32 【analysis】以下叙述哪点是不正确的？ 应为D�劳动妇女更少时间专心于孩子了。 【key】选D.33 【analysis】本文作者相信， 应为A�美国家庭仍稳固着。 【key】选A.34 【analysis】本世纪新的孩子照料的安排最有影响的是什么？ 应为B.电视。 【key】选B.35 【analysis】按照作者，哪两种主要因素导致美国家庭正在消亡的信念？ 应为A�离婚率高和劳动妇女忽视他们的孩子。 【key】选A.Ⅳ�Word Spelling36 【analysis】表扬 v.p 。 【key】praise37 【analysis】橡皮n.r , 来自rub v.擦。 【key】rubber38 【analysis】表面n.s , sur�超过+face面。 【key】surface39 【analysis
只要有时间认真看书就会过的，要下功夫哦
全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. In its broad sense culture is ______ Whatever distinguishes man from the rest part of the world is culture. ()A. social organizations B. the features of the worldC. the attributes of man D. human development2. ______ is，perhaps，the best known subject in which the interaction between language，thought and culture is investigated. ()A. Nonverbal communication B. Intercultural communicationC. Verbal communication D. Translation3. Culture is a loan word from . ()A. French B. LatinC. Roman D. Norwegian4. “Greenhouse” in English and “温室” in Chinese differ in their ______ meaning. ()A. social B. conceptualC. thematic D. reflected5. ______ is a grammatical category of nouns in English，as illustrated by the simple sentence “We are students”. ()A. Person B. CaseC. Number D. Degree6. Westerners tend to be ______ thinkers. ()A. holistic B. subjectiveC. analytic D. objective7. When English speaking people part，they are expected to say“ ______”. ()A. It’s nice to have met you B. I am pleased to meet youC. Thank you very much D. You are welcome8. If a compliment comes to a westerner for his good Chinese，he would reply“______ ”. ()A. No. No. That’s not true B. Thank you for encouraging meC. Sorry，I can’t speaking Chinese well D. Thank you. I am glad to hear that9. ______ contain folk wisdom rather than scientific accuracy. ()A. Idioms B. MetaphorsC. Similes D. Proverbs10. The proverb “Carry coals to Newcastle” is related to ______. ()A. navigation B. geographyC. literature D. Christianity11. The English equivalent for “开某人的玩笑” or “捉弄某人” is “______ ”. ()A. to kid somebody’s brain B. to make one’s faceC. to get one’s hand D. to pull somebody’s leg12. The colour word “______” is associated with profit in business. ()A. white B. blueC. red D. black13. “I’m disadvantaged，for I still don’t have a cent to my name. ” In the above sentence，the word “disadvantaged” means ______. ()A. unfavourable B. disagreedC. poor D. nameless14. Anything that is ______ by religion，tradition or social usage is a taboo. ()A. prohibited B. allowedC. unprohibited D. encouraged15. Man: Would you like to see a movie with me tonight? () Woman: It looks like raining. The above sentences are linked by ______. A. grammar B. lexicalC. phonetics D. meaning16. John overslept this morning. Otherwise he wouldn’t have been late for school. () The logical relationship between the above sentences is______. A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal17. The word “______” is American spelling. ()A. colour B. travellerC. metre D. defense18. Nike is the name of ______ in Greek mythology. ()A. a heroine B. the goddess of victoryC. the goddess of fortune D. a wealthy lady19. The nonverbal messages that are consistent with accompanying verbal messages，but add to or strengthen or clarify the verbal message serve the function of ______. ()A. regulating B. repeatingC. complementing D. accenting20. “Rubbing one’s thumb against one’s forefinger and middle finger” means ______ in English body language system. ()A. victory B. dirtC. OK D. moneyⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. ______can convey messages in face-to-face communication. ()A. Gestures B. Written symbolsC. Facial expressions D. Phonetic alphabets22. English words borrowed from Latin are normally used in ______ contexts. ()A. informal B. academicC. religious D. intimate23. ______ are a category of the subjunctive mood in English. ()A. Mandative subjunctives B. Formulaic subjunctivesC. Conditionals D. Assumptives24. In a telephone call，if the person wanted is not available，it is customary for the English speaking person to say “______”. ()A. Thank you for calling. B. Hold on a moment. C. May I take a message? D. Would you like to leave a message?25. English proverbs can be classified into ______ categories. ()A. Christianity B. sexismC. individualism D. metaphors26. Which of the following are metaphorical expressions about ideas? ()A. He is the father of modern biology. B. His ideas will live on forever. C. I’ve had a full life. D. Life is empty for him. 27. --- Pass me the salt. () --- Pass me the salt，please. --- Would you please pass me the salt? The above utterances are arranged in an order of increasing degrees of______. A. formality B. informalityC. politeness D. impoliteness28. In a normal text，sentences are connected . ()A. informally B. formallyC. hypotactically D. paratactically29. In Chinese newspapers，______ are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers. ()A. political achievements B. cultural achievementsC. crimes D. disasters30. Our body odours may be affected by ______. ()A. orientation of house B. exercise scheduleC. drinking water D. emotional stateⅢ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. Value systems，world views，national traits，aesthetic standards and thinking patterns are often regarded as the central part of ______. 32. Major English speaking countries，especially the United States，are “countries on the ______”，which is illustrated by such words as “drive-ins”，“motels”，and “diners”. 33. Subjects and ______ are not so frequently omitted in English as in Chinese，as illustrated by the sentence “This book is very interesting，Would you like to read it?”34. In English speaking cultures，it is customary for the person calling or the elderly person to hang up the receiver ______. 35. “A Trojan horse” is an allusion derived from ______. 36. The English speaking people use the word “chicken” metaphorically to refer to a ______. 37. Many plant and place names such as “poker” and “Mississippi” in American English come from ______. 38. It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more ______ than English advertising. 39. The ______ zone ranges from touching to 18 inches. It is usually reserved for the very few special people in our lives who are very close to us. 40. Technical time refers to precise，scientific ______ of time counted in ordered， logical sequences. Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly. (12 %)41. What does the statement “Language is the carrier and container of culture. ” mean?42. Is “spiritual” a true equivalent to“精神上的”?43. How is the letter “i” pronounced differently when it occurs before “le” in American and British English?44. What does the gesture “touching or pointing to one’s own nose by raised thumb” signify in western culture?Ⅴ. Translation. (18 % )45. Men and women，old and young，all joined in the battle. 46. God help those who help themselves. 47. Many people intend to get white-collar jobs after graduation. 48. 请赐教。49. 敬请光临寒舍。50. 2011年11月1日上午8点火车将到达北京。Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics. (20 %)51. What is your interpretation of the proverb “An Englishman’s house is his castle” and people’s behaviours related to the proverb?52. How would you define “common core English” from the viewpoint of the speaking style?
全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. In its broad sense culture is ______ Whatever distinguishes man from the rest part of the world is culture. ()A. social organizations B. the features of the worldC. the attributes of man D. human development2. ______ is，perhaps，the best known subject in which the interaction between language，thought and culture is investigated. ()A. Nonverbal communication B. Intercultural communicationC. Verbal communication D. Translation3. Culture is a loan word from . ()A. French B. LatinC. Roman D. Norwegian4. “Greenhouse” in English and “温室” in Chinese differ in their ______ meaning. ()A. social B. conceptualC. thematic D. reflected5. ______ is a grammatical category of nouns in English，as illustrated by the simple sentence “We are students”. ()A. Person B. CaseC. Number D. Degree6. Westerners tend to be ______ thinkers. ()A. holistic B. subjectiveC. analytic D. objective7. When English speaking people part，they are expected to say“ ______”. ()A. It’s nice to have met you B. I am pleased to meet youC. Thank you very much D. You are welcome8. If a compliment comes to a westerner for his good Chinese，he would reply“______ ”. ()A. No. No. That’s not true B. Thank you for encouraging meC. Sorry，I can’t speaking Chinese well D. Thank you. I am glad to hear that9. ______ contain folk wisdom rather than scientific accuracy. ()A. Idioms B. MetaphorsC. Similes D. Proverbs10. The proverb “Carry coals to Newcastle” is related to ______. ()A. navigation B. geographyC. literature D. Christianity11. The English equivalent for “开某人的玩笑” or “捉弄某人” is “______ ”. ()A. to kid somebody’s brain B. to make one’s faceC. to get one’s hand D. to pull somebody’s leg12. The colour word “______” is associated with profit in business. ()A. white B. blueC. red D. black13. “I’m disadvantaged，for I still don’t have a cent to my name. ” In the above sentence，the word “disadvantaged” means ______. ()A. unfavourable B. disagreedC. poor D. nameless14. Anything that is ______ by religion，tradition or social usage is a taboo. ()A. prohibited B. allowedC. unprohibited D. encouraged15. Man: Would you like to see a movie with me tonight? () Woman: It looks like raining. The above sentences are linked by ______. A. grammar B. lexicalC. phonetics D. meaning16. John overslept this morning. Otherwise he wouldn’t have been late for school. () The logical relationship between the above sentences is______. A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal17. The word “______” is American spelling. ()A. colour B. travellerC. metre D. defense18. Nike is the name of ______ in Greek mythology. ()A. a heroine B. the goddess of victoryC. the goddess of fortune D. a wealthy lady19. The nonverbal messages that are consistent with accompanying verbal messages，but add to or strengthen or clarify the verbal message serve the function of ______. ()A. regulating B. repeatingC. complementing D. accenting20. “Rubbing one’s thumb against one’s forefinger and middle finger” means ______ in English body language system. ()A. victory B. dirtC. OK D. moneyⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. ______can convey messages in face-to-face communication. ()A. Gestures B. Written symbolsC. Facial expressions D. Phonetic alphabets22. English words borrowed from Latin are normally used in ______ contexts. ()A. informal B. academicC. religious D. intimate23. ______ are a category of the subjunctive mood in English. ()A. Mandative subjunctives B. Formulaic subjunctivesC. Conditionals D. Assumptives24. In a telephone call，if the person wanted is not available，it is customary for the English speaking person to say “______”. ()A. Thank you for calling. B. Hold on a moment. C. May I take a message? D. Would you like to leave a message?25. English proverbs can be classified into ______ categories. ()A. Christianity B. sexismC. individualism D. metaphors26. Which of the following are metaphorical expressions about ideas? ()A. He is the father of modern biology. B. His ideas will live on forever. C. I’ve had a full life. D. Life is empty for him. 27. --- Pass me the salt. () --- Pass me the salt，please. --- Would you please pass me the salt? The above utterances are arranged in an order of increasing degrees of______. A. formality B. informalityC. politeness D. impoliteness28. In a normal text，sentences are connected . ()A. informally B. formallyC. hypotactically D. paratactically29. In Chinese newspapers，______ are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers. ()A. political achievements B. cultural achievementsC. crimes D. disasters30. Our body odours may be affected by ______. ()A. orientation of house B. exercise scheduleC. drinking water D. emotional stateⅢ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. Value systems，world views，national traits，aesthetic standards and thinking patterns are often regarded as the central part of ______. 32. Major English speaking countries，especially the United States，are “countries on the ______”，which is illustrated by such words as “drive-ins”，“motels”，and “diners”. 33. Subjects and ______ are not so frequently omitted in English as in Chinese，as illustrated by the sentence “This book is very interesting，Would you like to read it?”34. In English speaking cultures，it is customary for the person calling or the elderly person to hang up the receiver ______. 35. “A Trojan horse” is an allusion derived from ______. 36. The English speaking people use the word “chicken” metaphorically to refer to a ______. 37. Many plant and place names such as “poker” and “Mississippi” in American English come from ______. 38. It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more ______ than English advertising. 39. The ______ zone ranges from touching to 18 inches. It is usually reserved for the very few special people in our lives who are very close to us. 40. Technical time refers to precise，scientific ______ of time counted in ordered， logical sequences. Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly. (12 %)41. What does the statement “Language is the carrier and container of culture. ” mean?42. Is “spiritual” a true equivalent to“精神上的”?43. How is the letter “i” pronounced differently when it occurs before “le” in American and British English?44. What does the gesture “touching or pointing to one’s own nose by raised thumb” signify in western culture?Ⅴ. Translation. (18 % )45. Men and women，old and young，all joined in the battle. 46. God help those who help themselves. 47. Many people intend to get white-collar jobs after graduation. 48. 请赐教。49. 敬请光临寒舍。50. 2011年11月1日上午8点火车将到达北京。Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics. (20 %)51. What is your interpretation of the proverb “An Englishman’s house is his castle” and people’s behaviours related to the proverb?52. How would you define “common core English” from the viewpoint of the speaking style?
柘城要夺顶替
一单选 一单选( 以下英文给的是选项的内容，请参照作答,文字万能版本，防止题支选项顺序调换)1 routine --habit 2 rate 3 denied 4 for 5 points 6 additional 7 in place of 8 with 9 Rich as she is 10 Much as 1、 Elderly ……A 2、 It is ……A 3、 Unexpectedly ……C 4、 A good manager ……C 5、 Everything ……C 6、 Besides ……B 7、 The biologist ……B 8、 Scientists ……A 9、 ——，jane is ……D 10、——I admire ……D 二、完型 Courage is an essential attribute in、learning a foreign language。…… 11-----20 DABCB, ABDCB 三、阅读 段落一 Karen was 14，depressed and not doing well at school。…… 21------25 CDBDD 段落二 the amount of time kids spend online is a source of frustration for many parents。…… 26------30 AABCD 段落三 American scientist have found that some birds are more intelligent than believed。…… 31-----35 AAABD 四、单词翻译 36、古代的、古老的ancient 37、生涯、经历career 38、毁坏、损伤damage 39、特别、尤其especially 40、渐渐的、逐步的gradually 41、车库garage 42、诚实的、正直的honest 43、保险、保险金insurance 44、汁、液juice 45、商人merchant 46、谈判、协商negotiate 47、发生、出现our 48、停止、放弃quit 49、包围、环绕surround 50、薪金、薪水salary 51、治疗、对待treatment 52、技术、技巧technique 53、美德virtue 54、值得做的worth 55、屈服、屈从yield 五、变换格式 56、（bee）bee 57、（curious）curiosity 58、（watch）watching 59、（be）was 60、（expect）expectation 61、（agree）agreeable 62、（crowd）crowded 63、（rich）Enrich 64、(praise) has been praised 65、(appear) appeared 五、翻译 66、我们都被大自然的美深深的吸引住了we are deeply impressed with the beauty of nature 67、如果想省钱，你就不要买那块昂贵的表。If you want to save money ,do not buy the expensive watch 68、那篇小说是她创作时心情的真实反映。The novel really reflects his mood when he wrote it 69、应歌迷要求，年轻歌手又唱了一首民歌。The young singer sang a folk song again at the fans request 70、一些科学家认为需要有更多的资料才能证明这一事实。Some scientists believe that more data car prove the reality. 六、翻译短文 每种文化都有自已的理想行为，美国也不例外。在那里，孩子们被鼓励要开放、直接。美国人认为开放是诚实的表现，他们对于 沉默和保守提出怀疑。他们觉得你一定在隐藏什么如果你没说出来。他们觉得由于沉默而受威胁，这一点他们不相信也不理解。 然而，许多其它文化并不看重开放和直接。事实上，他们不喜欢这些品质因为对它们而言，开放和直接孩子好像很粗鲁。 在它信眼里不像成人的行为。那么并不令人吃惊的是许多种文化的误解也由于开放和直接所致
1.DCBAC 6.ADBAD 11.CADBA 16.CBABB 21.BACDA 26.DDBCC 31.DACCA 36.ability 37.boast 38.cancel 39.dangerous 40.excessive 41.facility 42.graze 43.hardly 44.involve 45.lawyer 46.major 47.national 48.operation 49.perate 50.refuse 51.survival 52.technique 53.upstairs 54.veteran 55.winner 56.careless 57.frightened 58.explosive 59.are finding 60.strength 61.is covered 62.were 63.planned 64.asleep 65.paint 66.Computer can help solve many problems in scientific research. 67.Good books is the result of hard work. 68.The problem is whether she can overe these difficulties by herself. 69.Everybody who heard that news jumped in excitement. 70.You will sueed as long as you don't lose heart. 每个人都赞成孩子的语言学习是从听开始的。当然，每个孩子在开始讲话前所听的数量是有很大不同的，会说话比较晚的孩子都是听的比较长的时间。大多数孩子在他们能够说话前都是顺从一段时间语言指示。在他们会说话前，很多孩子都是通过手势或者噪音来问问题。事实证明他们喜欢做噪音，在前几个月一两种噪音被认为是高兴，失望，交往等等的特别指示。但是三个以上的噪音就不能被认为是孩子要交往，他们几乎不会被认为是语言的早期形式。大家一致同意孩子们从三个月开始，就会用声音来表达开心，六个月的时候就能在他们的语言中增加一些新的声音。这种自我模仿都会导致孩子们故意模仿对他们发出的声音或者话语。这些模仿能被认为是说话吗？
答案在网上是找不到的 你可以买本北大燕园的测试卷做下 上面也有例年的试卷及答案的
43223 34123 41422 21333 24414 23141 13234 36abroad37adverse38enpire39cerenony40density42april43outlook44tighten45consume46mixture47fruitful48vision49nitrogen50unixersal51license52intention53sufficient55vertical 五.完型填空 56.signin57.earlier 58.colorful 59.to speak 60have seen 61.taken 62.conversation 63.harmful64.carefully 65.consume 六.汉译英 66.People pay more and more attention to the quality of life 67.You should speak politely, naturally even if you are angry 68.Many people oppose to building a new reseaurant in the center of the city because of the high cost 69.He knows little about insurance 70.They are unconscious that they have pleted a great scientific discovery 七，将短文译成汉语 据说有一个有趣的希望实验。说的是科学家把小白鼠放进一个金鱼缸里面，直至淹死。第一次实验：100只小白鼠平均挣扎的时间是8分钟。第二次实验：重将100只小白鼠放入金鱼缸中，8分钟后科学家放下一块木版，“救”了100只小白鼠。过了几天再把这救活的100只小白鼠再放进水缸，这次平均挣扎的时间竟然是24分钟。因为它们被救了一次，它们有了希望，有了求生的欲望
如果有那都是假的。只能靠你自己！
一、单选题： 1、It took a few seconds for her eye to ( ) to the darkness. A:allocate B:adopt C:adjust D:apply 2、Tt is strongly held that new ( ) must be introduced to protect the light of the immigrants. A:constructions B:concessions C:meastures D:statistics 3、He was specially asked to write a play that would be ( ) to the local munity. A:flexible B:capable C:responsible D：aessible 4、The volunteers would rather go by train than ( ). A:drive B:to drive C:to be driven D:driven 5、Never before ( ) so rapidly developing as it is today. A:has been our country B:our country been has C：has our country been D:our country has been 6、Country life is better than city life ( ) it offers frash air and noiseless encironment. A:so that B:in that C:as for D:in which 7、Opposition leaders will be watching carefully to see how the Prine Minister ( ) the crisis. A:handles B:conducts C:observes D:directs 二、单词 1、拥有者n.o 2、拥有、具有vt.p 3、相反的.adj c 4、下定义、解释vt.d 5、网路n.n 6、明显的adj. e 7、社会学 n. s 8、身份、统一 i 9、种族的 adj.r 10、令人厌烦的adj.b 11、和谐、协调 n.h 12、总结、概括 v.s 13、谦虚的、adj.m 14、旅行、旅程 n.j 15、八月 n. A 三、变形 1.for the (secure) of passengers,all hand bagage is carefully checked. 2.untrained and nervous,she is neverth eless (pride) and determined. 3 studies show that if workers have short but frequent breaks,they will bee more (product) 4.it is best to write abought things you have experienced (person) 5.their new advertising campaign has been very (suess) 6.the government is planning to (simple) the tax laws 7.the minister was under great (press) to resign 8.this is an (exception) case, I have never seen anything like it before. 四、翻译 1、 这就是我们去年开会的地方。 2、 由于发生了地震，这个地区的交通中断了。 3、 只有这样你才能找到一份高薪水的工作。 4、 为了通过英语考试，她不得不熬夜复习。 五、翻译、 Many people think that only child is luckly because of the material goods and attention the he or she receives.But only children have their problems ,too. For one thing ,they have no privacy .Parents always feel entitled to know everything that’s going on in an only child’s life.Also only children never have the opportuning to put the blame on a brother or sister for something they have done wrong 参考答案 1-10 B C A C B C D B A C 11-20 A B B B B C A B D C 21-25D C A B D 26-30 B D A C A 31-35B A D C D 36.使活动，使起作用vt activate 37.令人厌烦的adj boring 38.总结,概述v summary 39.讨论 discuss 40.相反的adj converse 41.网路n. neork 42.明显的adj evident 43.褪色 fade 44.种族歧视 racial 45.和谐 harmony 46.满意 satisfaction 47.身份-n identity 48.下定义，解释vt define 49.采访 interview 50.社会学 sociology 51.适度 modest 52.旅行,行程n journey 53.拥有者n owner 54.描绘 portray 55.拥有，具有vt possess 56suessful 57security 58resolving 59proud 60personally 61simplify 62aeptableed 63productable 64pressure 65exceptional 66.由于发生了强烈的地震，这个地区的交通中断了 As a result of the strong earthquake, the region's traffic has been disrupted 67.只有这样你才能找到一份高薪的工作。 This is place where our last meeting has taken place. 68. 如果我不是忙着找工作，我可能已经看到你 If I was not busy looking for work, I might have e to see you 69.为了通过英语考试，他不得不熬夜复习 In order to test the adoption of English, he had to stay up all night to review 70.只有这样你才能找到一份高薪的工作 So long as can you get a job of higher salary 71许多人认为独生子女幸运的。因为她/他享受优越的生活环境和细心的照顾。但是，独生子女也有困扰，首先，他们没有私人空间。父母总感觉有义务知道孩子所发生的一切，其次，只有一个孩子则当他们做错事情时，不能把责任推卸给姐和哥。再次，独生子女会没有哥姐的陪伴，他们可能孤单，而且他们在以后的生活中可能因交朋友产生困扰。因为他们不能学到和兄妹很好的交往 由于独生子女享有的物质和受到的观注,很多人认为他们很幸运.但是独生子女也有他们自己的问题.其中一个就是他们没有隐私.父母总是觉得有权利知道孩子发生的任何事情.同时,独生子女也没有机会在他们做错事的时候,把责备推到兄妹身上.第三,独生子女没有兄妹的陪伴.他们可能会很孤独,他们在以后的生活中可能也会在交朋友方面遇到麻烦,因为他们从来没有学会怎么与兄妹很好的交往.
试题有很多呀，百度一下
成绩还没出来呀，我也不知道的。你就耐心等待吧，我也是一样的，我就只差这一科了呀。
你知道吗？阅读二的阅读理解这个难啊！竟然是英语6级的原题1999年左右的！我这只有阅读理解后3篇的答案， 11—15 BDABD 16—20 DBCAC 21—25 ABCBA
全部的答案只有最新版的燕园模拟试题后面的 历年真题（2008的）才有！资源有限！
全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. In its broad sense culture is ______ Whatever distinguishes man from the rest part of the world is culture. ()A. social organizations B. the features of the worldC. the attributes of man D. human development2. ______ is，perhaps，the best known subject in which the interaction between language，thought and culture is investigated. ()A. Nonverbal communication B. Intercultural communicationC. Verbal communication D. Translation3. Culture is a loan word from . ()A. French B. LatinC. Roman D. Norwegian4. “Greenhouse” in English and “温室” in Chinese differ in their ______ meaning. ()A. social B. conceptualC. thematic D. reflected5. ______ is a grammatical category of nouns in English，as illustrated by the simple sentence “We are students”. ()A. Person B. CaseC. Number D. Degree6. Westerners tend to be ______ thinkers. ()A. holistic B. subjectiveC. analytic D. objective7. When English speaking people part，they are expected to say“ ______”. ()A. It’s nice to have met you B. I am pleased to meet youC. Thank you very much D. You are welcome8. If a compliment comes to a westerner for his good Chinese，he would reply“______ ”. ()A. No. No. That’s not true B. Thank you for encouraging meC. Sorry，I can’t speaking Chinese well D. Thank you. I am glad to hear that9. ______ contain folk wisdom rather than scientific accuracy. ()A. Idioms B. MetaphorsC. Similes D. Proverbs10. The proverb “Carry coals to Newcastle” is related to ______. ()A. navigation B. geographyC. literature D. Christianity11. The English equivalent for “开某人的玩笑” or “捉弄某人” is “______ ”. ()A. to kid somebody’s brain B. to make one’s faceC. to get one’s hand D. to pull somebody’s leg12. The colour word “______” is associated with profit in business. ()A. white B. blueC. red D. black13. “I’m disadvantaged，for I still don’t have a cent to my name. ” In the above sentence，the word “disadvantaged” means ______. ()A. unfavourable B. disagreedC. poor D. nameless14. Anything that is ______ by religion，tradition or social usage is a taboo. ()A. prohibited B. allowedC. unprohibited D. encouraged15. Man: Would you like to see a movie with me tonight? () Woman: It looks like raining. The above sentences are linked by ______. A. grammar B. lexicalC. phonetics D. meaning16. John overslept this morning. Otherwise he wouldn’t have been late for school. () The logical relationship between the above sentences is______. A. additive B. adversativeC. causal D. temporal17. The word “______” is American spelling. ()A. colour B. travellerC. metre D. defense18. Nike is the name of ______ in Greek mythology. ()A. a heroine B. the goddess of victoryC. the goddess of fortune D. a wealthy lady19. The nonverbal messages that are consistent with accompanying verbal messages，but add to or strengthen or clarify the verbal message serve the function of ______. ()A. regulating B. repeatingC. complementing D. accenting20. “Rubbing one’s thumb against one’s forefinger and middle finger” means ______ in English body language system. ()A. victory B. dirtC. OK D. moneyⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. ______can convey messages in face-to-face communication. ()A. Gestures B. Written symbolsC. Facial expressions D. Phonetic alphabets22. English words borrowed from Latin are normally used in ______ contexts. ()A. informal B. academicC. religious D. intimate23. ______ are a category of the subjunctive mood in English. ()A. Mandative subjunctives B. Formulaic subjunctivesC. Conditionals D. Assumptives24. In a telephone call，if the person wanted is not available，it is customary for the English speaking person to say “______”. ()A. Thank you for calling. B. Hold on a moment. C. May I take a message? D. Would you like to leave a message?25. English proverbs can be classified into ______ categories. ()A. Christianity B. sexismC. individualism D. metaphors26. Which of the following are metaphorical expressions about ideas? ()A. He is the father of modern biology. B. His ideas will live on forever. C. I’ve had a full life. D. Life is empty for him. 27. --- Pass me the salt. () --- Pass me the salt，please. --- Would you please pass me the salt? The above utterances are arranged in an order of increasing degrees of______. A. formality B. informalityC. politeness D. impoliteness28. In a normal text，sentences are connected . ()A. informally B. formallyC. hypotactically D. paratactically29. In Chinese newspapers，______ are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers. ()A. political achievements B. cultural achievementsC. crimes D. disasters30. Our body odours may be affected by ______. ()A. orientation of house B. exercise scheduleC. drinking water D. emotional stateⅢ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. Value systems，world views，national traits，aesthetic standards and thinking patterns are often regarded as the central part of ______. 32. Major English speaking countries，especially the United States，are “countries on the ______”，which is illustrated by such words as “drive-ins”，“motels”，and “diners”. 33. Subjects and ______ are not so frequently omitted in English as in Chinese，as illustrated by the sentence “This book is very interesting，Would you like to read it?”34. In English speaking cultures，it is customary for the person calling or the elderly person to hang up the receiver ______. 35. “A Trojan horse” is an allusion derived from ______. 36. The English speaking people use the word “chicken” metaphorically to refer to a ______. 37. Many plant and place names such as “poker” and “Mississippi” in American English come from ______. 38. It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more ______ than English advertising. 39. The ______ zone ranges from touching to 18 inches. It is usually reserved for the very few special people in our lives who are very close to us. 40. Technical time refers to precise，scientific ______ of time counted in ordered， logical sequences. Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly. (12 %)41. What does the statement “Language is the carrier and container of culture. ” mean?42. Is “spiritual” a true equivalent to“精神上的”?43. How is the letter “i” pronounced differently when it occurs before “le” in American and British English?44. What does the gesture “touching or pointing to one’s own nose by raised thumb” signify in western culture?Ⅴ. Translation. (18 % )45. Men and women，old and young，all joined in the battle. 46. God help those who help themselves. 47. Many people intend to get white-collar jobs after graduation. 48. 请赐教。49. 敬请光临寒舍。50. 2011年11月1日上午8点火车将到达北京。Ⅵ. Discuss the following topics. (20 %)51. What is your interpretation of the proverb “An Englishman’s house is his castle” and people’s behaviours related to the proverb?52. How would you define “common core English” from the viewpoint of the speaking style?
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了现代汉语自考教材答案的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！寻找2013年版，齐沪扬主编的《现代汉语》课后思考题答案《对外汉语教育学引论》刘珣，北京语言大学出版社；《现代汉语》黄伯荣、廖序东，高等教育出版社；《语言学纲要》叶蜚声、徐通锵，北京大学出版社；《对外汉语教学语法》齐沪扬，复旦大学出版社；《古代汉语》，郭锡良，商务印书馆；《中国文化要略》程裕祯，外语教学与研究出版社；《当代中国》，张海林，南京大学出版社；《中国文学史》，袁行霈，高等教育出版社；《外国文化史》孟昭毅、曾艳兵，北京大学出版社。现代汉语语法研究的自考试题及答案一、填空题1．语素可以定义为的语言成分。2．一个词的语法功能指的是这个词在句法结构里所能占据的。3．任何句法结构都可以从两个方面观察：既可以作为一个复杂的结构看它的内部结构，也可以当作一个整体看它的。4．从句子的功能来看，可以把它分成陈述句、疑问句、称呼句、感叹句和。5．词是反映词的的类，尽管同一词类在意义上也有一定的共同点。6．谓词性成分转化为体词性成分的主要手段是。7．谓词性主语可以分成和陈述性的两类。8．主语和谓语的关系可以从结构、语义和三个不同的方面来观察。9．“站”、“世纪”这样的词直接放在数词后头的时候，叫做。10．形容词或动词前边加上“个”变成体词性结构以后充任的宾语叫。二、单项选择题在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其字母标号填入题干的括号内。11．在分析一种语言的语音结构时，最小的单位是A音位B音节C语素D元音12．汉语的语素绝大部分都是A两个音节的B三音节的C单音节的D多音节的13．在多音节单纯词里，一个汉字代表的是A无意义的音位B有意义的音节C无意义的音节D有意义的音位14．下列不是偏正结构的是A精品书B九个孩子C打扫房间D旧报纸15．“写文章”和“写清楚”分别是A述宾结构、述补结构B偏正结构、联合结构C述补结构、偏正结构D述补结构、主谓结构16．有关合成词“好好儿的”，以下分析不正确的是A它是附加式的合成词B它的词根部分是重叠式C“好好”是音节“好”的重迭式。D“的”附加在“好好儿”上，“儿”附加在“好好”上17．属于区别词的是A酸性B高级C初级D低级18．下面说法正确的是A实词是封闭类，虚词是开放类B实词表示事物、动作、行为等等，虚词起语法作用，但也有具体的意义C实词都是自由的，虚词绝大部分是粘着的D实词能充当主语、宾语或谓语，虚词不能19．不属于准宾语的是A醒了两次B扫扫地C去超市D来了客人20．属于连谓结构的是A唱歌跳舞B跟你开玩笑C笑得肚子疼D喜欢读书21．“很危险”、“有危险”中的“危险”是A名词B形容词C名动词D名形词22．下面的说法正确的是A代词可以是体词性的，也可以是谓词性的B代词本身的语法功能和它所替代的词的语法功能一致C代词可以分为人称代词和指示代词两种D“这么”所替代的词是体词性的23．下面的“想”属于助动词的是A很想妈妈B她想去跳舞C她想了很多D她想自己也许来晚了24．“看不见”是A趋向补语B粘合式述补结构C结果补语D组合式述补结构25．与有定宾语不同的是，无定宾语可以出现在A述语之后B复合趋向补语中间C整个述补结构之后D主语与谓语之间26．下面句子中属于复句的是A小明下了地铁，上了112路公交车。B肖玲听说，公司换了个会计。C这些花儿的特点是，颜色淡雅，香味浓郁。D为了孩子弹好钢琴，父母没少费劲。27．下列不是准定语的是A我的书丢了B张三的原告，李四的被告C他的篮球打得好D我来帮你的忙28．下面说法不正确的是A分句和分句之间有意义上的联系B分句有时用连词连接。C连词是作为结构成分来看待的。D有的分句是定位的。29．以下宾语不是虚指的是A笑什么？别笑了。B唱它一段C她说她的D看了回京戏30．“提起这个人啊，可是大大有名。”中“啊”的作用是A进行对比B引起注意C表示列举D举个例子三、分析题31．按要求将下列语素归类。来日失呢金民好我自由语素粘着语素定位语素不定位语素自由语素粘着语素定位语素不定位语素32．“手表”、“白菜”、“铁路”、“牛肉”“火车”是词还是词组，请具体分析。几个结构的组成成分都是自由的。“手表”、“火车”不能扩展，是词。“白菜”、“铁路”“牛肉”虽能够扩展，但扩展后的意义有变化，因此也是词。33．“爬过山没有？”和“爬过山就到了”中的“过”有什么区别？前一句中的“过”是动词后缀，后面不能再加后缀“了”；后一句中的“过”则是动词做补语，“爬过”是述补结构，后面还能加后缀“了”。两句话因此意思也不同。34．分析“满满儿的”、“他们的”、和“慢慢的”中的“的”有什么不同。“满满儿的”中的“的”是状态形容词后缀，“他们的”中的“的”是助词。“慢慢的”中的“的”是副词后缀。35．“有人”的否定形式是“没有人”，“没有来”的肯定形式不是“有来”，而是“来了”，为什么?两个格式的宾语不同，意思也不一样。“没有人”的“没有”加在体词性成分前边，表示不存在，文言文说“无”，“没有来”的“没有”加在谓词性成分前，表示动作没有完成或是事情没有发生，文言文说“未”。36．“他自己开车”和“他自己知道”在句法结构上一样吗？不一样。前一句主语是“他”，谓语是主谓结构“自己开车”，“他”和“自己”没有直接的结构关系。后一句是同位结构“他自己”做主语。37．将以下句子的主语按要求归类①你的话解不开他的心结。②那支枪不知什么时候丢了。③所有的道理都讲过了。④那位新同事领导还没见过他。⑤这种纸质的杯子用不了多久。⑥每个小朋友都发一个。受事主语与事主语工具主语受事主语与事主语工具主语38．举例分析语气词在句中停顿处的作用。①作为停顿的标记。②表示某种语气。39．请用层次分析法分析下列语法结构的层次和结构关系。①热切盼望他到来②培养阅读的兴趣和养成好学的习惯①热切盼望他到来└偏正┘└主谓┘②养成读书的习惯和提高理解的能力└述宾┘└述宾┘└偏正┘└偏正┘40．用划线加注法分析下面多重复句的层次关系。简洁并不是简单，它是以充实为前提的，因此，只有对要表达的事物非常熟悉，能抓住其要点，才能做到简洁。简洁并不是简单，‖它是以充实为前提的，｜因此，只有对要表达的事物非常熟悉，｜‖能抓住其要点，‖才能做到简洁。四、简答题41．联合结构与并立式复合词有什么不同？联合结构的项数是没有限制的，是可扩展的，并立式复合词限于两项，不能扩展。联合结构的语法功能跟它的组成部分语法功能基本上一致，并立式复合词则不一定。从意义上说，联合结构每一项都是实指，而且各有独立的意义，并立式复合词的每一项意义是比况性的。42．举例分析形容词做状态补语的两种情况。形容词做状态补语的两种情况是A“飞得高”B“飞得很高”、“飞得高高的”。A的状态补语是单个的形容词，B的状态补语是“程度副词＋形容词”或状态形容词。两类格式表示的意义不同，A是断言，B是描写；A是静态的，B是动态的；A不包含量的概念，B包含量的概念。从语法功能上来看，B可以受“早就、已经、连忙”等时间副词的修饰，A则不可。B可以跟“把、被、给”等介词连用，A不行。B可以做状语，A不行。43．述宾结构的述语往往表示动作或行为，宾语表示跟这种动作或行为有联系的事物。宾语与述语的联系具体表现为什么？请举例说明。①宾语表示动作或行为的对象。②宾语所指的事物是动作或行为产生的。③宾语表示处所。④宾语表示动作或行为的主动者。五、论述题。44．如何分辨词和词组？现代汉语中有哪些确定词的界限的方式？有什么缺陷？请举例说明。①根据能不能单独成句来确定汉语的词是有困难的。②单纯根据语言成分活动能力的强弱来确定词的界限也是不足的。③扩展法是根据语言成分结合的紧密程度来确定词和非词的界限的。④单纯从意义方面判定词的界限也是行不通的。判定词的界限要综合运用以上几种方法。(例略）自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
2003年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案 Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1�Since Americans pay very high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week justtheir taxes.A�pay B�to be paying C�paid D�to pay【】2�Advertising is only part of the total sales effort,but it is the part thatthe most attention.A�attacks B�attracts C�attaches D�attributes【】3�Information that does not make any to you is difficult to remember.A�trouble B�way C�sense D�mistake【】4�The United States is known for its supermarkets,huge quantities of all kinds of food and household articles are sold.A�which B�that C�when D�where【】5�The ants,hardworkingthey are,have time for play.A�as B�but C�so D�lest【】6�Diamonds are the hardestfound in nature.A�instance B�circumstance C�substance D�existence【】7�Large and powerful,the atmosphere consists of an ocean of gases hundreds of miles.A�high B�higher C�highly D�height【】8�Curiosity and imagination are importantwhich help stimulate the discovery of new facts and the laws of science.A�techniques B�technologies C�qualities D�quantities【】9�Information in long�term memory can beat a later time when it is needed.A�remarked B�reminded C�removed D�recalled【】10�Insurance agents are always friendly,well dressed,and cager to behelp.A�for B�of C�from D�into【】Ⅱ�Cloze Test(10 points,1 point for each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 For human beings there is more to living than just staying alive.Therefore,your 11,or emotional and mental needs are important.You need to love and 12.You need to feel safe and secure.At the same time,you need to feel13.You need stimulation and variety to keep your brain14and to achieve personal growth.You also need to have a sense of 15,a personal identity,in order to know 16you are and how you fit in the environment. Of all the emotional needs,a need for love is the17basic.At different times in life,you experience the need for love in different ways.18.a helpless baby feels love in 19to care.Love means being kept dry and warm and being fed.Gentle touch and firm support create a feeling of trust20 the baby for the people who care for it. 11�A�physical B�political C�psychological D�educational【】12�A�to be loved B�to be loving �to have loved D�to be for love【】13�A�depend B�depended C�dependent D�independent【】14�A�act B�acted C�active D�action【】15�A�self B�own C�you D�yours【】16�A�that B�who C�which D�how【】17�A�much B�more C�most D�very【】18�A�In addition B�On the average C�Of course D�For example【】19�A�response B�regard C�terms D�view【】20�A�at B�in C�with D�by【】Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。Passage one Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. The term “flying saucer”refers to strange objects travelling through the earth�s atmosphere at very high speeds.Thousands of people all over the world claim to have seen them.Some believe them to be spaceships from other planets.Others insist that they are a secret type of aircraft being built on earth.Many people maintain that they are only natural phenomena happening under special temperature,light,or weather conditions All reports,however,agree that the strange objects move at extremely high speeds and fail to follow the laws of motion by reversing(逆转) direction instantly without slowing down. In the United States,the first flying saucers were reported on June 4,1947,by a private plane pilot.He saw nine objects travelling in the sky.Each was disk�shaped and very bright.Because their movements were compared to those of a “saucer skimming across the water”, newspaper reporters called them “flying saucers”. Some weeks after the first reported sighting,the United States Air Force was given the job of investigating all the reports of flying saucers.Because of the confusing variety of shapes,sizes,and colors reported,the Air Force adopted the term Unidentified Flying Objects(UFO) to describe them. Since the Air Force officials began their investigation of flying saucers,they have identified most of the objects as stars,planes,man�made satellites,experimental missiles(导弹),or weather phenomena.Some of the UFO reports,including photographs,were deliberate(蓄意的)tricks made to cheat people. All the research so far has failed to prove that UFOs are spaceships coming from outside the earth.Most investigators agree,however,that more study is needed before the question of whether or not flying saucers really exist can be answered.21�The term“flying saucer” is generally used to refer to.A�spaceships from other planetsB�a secret type of aircraft being builtC�some natural phenomenaD�strange objects flying very fast in the sky【】22�The first flying saucers got their name.A�from a private plane pilot who saw themB�for their brightness in colorC�because they looked like disks moving in the airD�because they skimmed across the water【】23�The Air Force preferred the term UFO because.A�newspaper reporters used itB�the term “flying saucer” was very confusingC�UFO is a general term that can refer to a larger variety of objectsD�the Air Force didn�t find any objects that looked like flying saucers【】24�All the research has failed to identify any UFOs as.A�man�made satellitesB�aircraftC�experimental missilesD�spaceships sent from other planets【】25�From this passage we know that.A�the US Air Force was the first reporter of flying saucersB�the term UFO was first used by the US Air Force investigatorsC�UFOs are not worth further investigationD�the question of whether there exist flying saucers has already been answered 【】Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. The American educator Horace Mann once said:“As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe,so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated.”Education is the process through which man attempts to pass on to his children his hard�won wisdom and his ideals of a better world.This process begins shortly after birth,as parents seek to train the infant to behave as his culture demands.Schooling,or formal education,consists of experiences that are carefully planned to help young people learn what adults consider important for them to know and how they should respond to choices. While almost everyone accepts the goal of developing skills in the three R�s—reading,writing and arithmetic—it often seems impossible to reach agreement on any goal beyond that.In the broadest terms,the conflict over educational goals can be viewed as a conflict between two groups of people—conservatives and liberals(自由派). The conservatives tend to identify a desirable education with the transmission of the cultural knowledge,offering courses featuring the three R�s at the elementary level and academic(普通文化课的)studies or strong vocational(职业的)or business courses in the secondary school.They stress training of the mind and development of abilities. The liberals tend to be interested in the development of the “whole child,”not merely in training his mind or in preparing him for adult life in a remote future.They emphasize rich,meaningful school living in the present,and they view subject matter as a resource for total human development rather than as a goal in itself.They believe that content should be acquired not for its own sake but as a means of encouraging thought and inquiry.26�What Horace Mann means is that.A�education is essential for man�s growthB�an apple is delicious only when it is ripeC�a man is like a child without proper educationD�education can be compared to the growth of an apple tree【】27�At school,children.A�find it hard to win wisdomB�have choices in what they learnC�are taught what adults select for them to learnD�learn how they should respond to teachers� questions【】28�The three R�s does not include.A�arithmeticB�writingC�readingD�reasoning【】29�It�s most unlikely that the conservatives should emphasize.A�the teaching of basic cultural knowledgeB�courses in three R�s in the elementary schoolC�courses such as modern physics and marketing at the secondary levelD�the development of the student as an individual person【】30�The liberals hold that.A�the goal of school education is mainly to prepare students for adult lifeB�teaching activities should be rich and meaningful to the studentsC�course content should be learned and remembered for future useD�book knowledge is the only resource for learning【】Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. It has been a wide�spread belief that the American family is dying.But a new study reveals that the American family is stronger than ever.This study affords surprising evidence of the persistence of American commitments to family life. The American family is changing,not dying:It is becoming smaller,men and women are becoming more equal,and the divorce rate is higher.But despite the high divorce rate,marriage has never been more popular.The majority of divorced people remarry,but only 2% marry more than twice.Most marriages last a long time,and a large proportion of divorces are from teenage marriages.Depending on the specific situation,there�s often good reason for teenage marriages to break up. There is no evidence that children receive less attention from mothers who work outside the home than from mothers working inside the home.So far the amount of educational or development time hasn�t varied very much,whether or not the mother works outside the home.In fact,working mothers try to make up for it by setting aside time only for their children. The study shows that television is by far the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century.The most important activity for children up to age 14 is watching television. School is the second most time�consuming activity for children.They spend an average of about 19 hours a week in school.A larger proportion of children go to school now than ever before,and they stay in school longer.Another big change is that the proportion of very young children in day�care centers(日托站) has almost doubled in recent years.Compared with these two dramatic changes in child activity,the changes caused by mothers working outside the home appear very small.31�The main idea of this article is that.A�the American family is dyingB�young people today don�t want to get marriedC�the American family is changing,but it is stronger than everD�education has resulted in dramatic changes in the American family【】32�Which of the following statements is NOT true?A�Marriage is more popular than before.B�Many divorced people remarry.C�The majority of marriages last long.D�Working mothers devote less time to their children.【】33�The author of this article believes that.A�the American family is here to stayB�children should not watch so much televisionC�mothers should not work when their children are smallD�teenage marriages should be encouraged【】34�What is the most significant new child�care arrangement of this century?A�The day�care center.B�Television.C�The schoolD�Development time.【】35�According to the writer,which two major factors have led to the belief that the American family is dying?A�The divorce rate is high and working mothers neglect their children.B�The divorce rate is high and children care more about television than anything else.C�Divorces are becoming increasingly more and many teenage marriages break up.D�Children stay in school longer and mothers have little time to take care of them.【】PART TWOⅣ.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36�表扬 v.p 37�橡皮n.r 38�表面n.s 39�厚的a.t 40�蒸汽n.s 41�权力n.p 42�噪声n.n 43�第九num.n 44�大声的a.l 45�方法n.m 46�羞耻n.s 47�紧张n.t 48�非法的a.l 49�运气n.l 50�中间的a.m 51�严重的a.s 52�财富n.w 53�浅的a.s 54�信号n.s 55�胜利n.v Ⅴ.Word Form(10 points,1 point for each)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56�Many people feel that the United States(have) a very complicated tax collection system.57�In 1964,the Olympic Games in Tokyo(become) the first program to be transmitted via satellite.58�In the recent past,medical researchers(begin) to emphasize the fact that heart diseases are associated with stress,smoking and a lack of exercise.59�Taxes consist of the money which people pay(support) their government.60�For centuries the Atlantic Ocean kept the Americas from(discover) by the people of Europe.61�The American consumer often feels constantly(disturb) by insurance agents.62�Women tend to engage in more eye contact than men,especially when(talk) to other women.63�Though marriage(practice) in almost all countries of the world,the customs are quite different from one culture to another.64�No one has been able to prove that fish is any(good) for the brain than many other kinds of food.65�If we did not have atmospheric pressure,we(can,not have) automobile tires.Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English (15 points,3 points for each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66�人所共知，大西洋仅有太平洋一半大。67�人们可以在电视里观看他们想看的任何电影。 68�在过去几年里你在保险上花了多少钱？69�为了不被人误解，你应当认识肢体语言与文化关系密切。70�直至14世纪较精确的地图才开始出现。Ⅶ�Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。 While the quantity of food needed by the body is measured by the amount of energy,or calories,it has,the quality of food is determined by its nutrients.Nutrients are the substances in food that are needed by your body.You can consume enough soft drinks,bread,and potatoes to supply you with enough calories for the energy you need.But these foods will not supply you with all the necessary nutrients your body needs in order to function well. It is believed that there are forty�five nutrients needed by the human body.It is essential that each of them be present in various amounts in a good diet.Each nutrient is responsible for performing a special body function.2003年下半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷完全详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure1�【analysis】句中意思为美国人每周有一天的工作是为付高额税的， 因而为目的状语，应用一般式的主动形式。 【key】选D.to pay。2�【analysis】这后半句为强调主语的强调句，意思为这部分最吸引注意， 故应选B�attracts吸引；而A�attacks攻击；C�attaches依附；D�attributes引起，都不对。 【key】选B�attracts。3�【analysis】全句意思为“对你没有任何意义的信息是难以记忆的”。 应为C�sense意义；而trouble苦恼，way方式，mistake错误，都不符合。 【key】选C�sense。4�【analysis】后部分为定语从句说明supermarkets超市，即为场所， 应用D�where。 【key】选D�where。5�【analysis】 以as引出的状语从句，可以把表语提到主语前面来，如Cold as the weather was,it couldn�t cool our enthusiasm for work.故本句应选A�as。 【key】选A�as。6�【analysis】全句意思为“钻石是自然中所发现的最硬的物质”。 应选C�substance物质；而instance实例，circumstance（通常作复数）环境，existence存在，都不合适。 【key】选C�substance。7�【analysis】 数字后说明高应用形容词high,如The house is ten meters high。 【key】选A�high。8�【analysis】句子含意“好奇心与想像力是重要的品性”， 品性或品质为quality, 而technique技巧，technology工程学，quantity重量，数量都不合适。 【key】选C�qualities。9�【analysis】句子意思为“长期记忆的信息在以后需要的时候能记起来。” 应为D�recalled记起；而A�remark评论；B�remined sb.of sb./sth.使某人回想起来某人；C�removed移开；因句中无of结构，故应为D。 【key】选D�recalled。10�【analysis】be of help有帮助，为习惯用语。 【key】选B�of。Ⅱ�Cloze Test11～12【analysis】句意为“你的心理的或感情的，思想上的需要是重要的。你需要去爱和接受爱。” 11�C�psychological心理的；12�A�to be loved被爱。【key】11�选C；12�选A。13～14【analysis】句意为“你需要感到平安和无忧虑。同时，你需要能自立，你需要激励和多姿多彩以保持大脑活跃和实现个人成熟”。【key】13�选D�independent自立；14�选C�active活跃。15～16【analysis】句意为“你也需要有理性，个人特性，为了了解你自己和你如何适应环境”。【key】15�选A�self;16�选B�who。17～19【analysis】句意为“在所有的感情需要中，爱的需要是最基本的。一生中的不同时段，你会经历不同方式的爱的需要。例如，不能自立的婴儿感到关心的爱护”。【key】17�选C�most最；18�选D�Forexample例如；19�选A�response,in～to应…而。20【analysis】句意为“轻柔触摸和坚定保护能使婴儿对照顾他的人产生信任感”。【key】选B�in。Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension21 【analysis】全文意思为“飞碟指地球上空高速飞行的奇异物体，1947年6月4日美国私人飞机驾驶员，看到天空九个碟形物盘旋，因此报上称之为飞碟，因形状不一，所以美国空军称之为不明飞行物”。21题应为D，即飞碟一般用于指空中飞速快的奇怪物体，即D。 【key】选D.22 【analysis】题意为“最初飞碟名称来自看来如空中运动的碟似物”。 【key】选C.23 【analysis】“空军用不明飞行物是因为这个术语能指代种类较多的物体”。 【key】选C.24 【analysis】“关于从其他行星过来的宇宙飞船的辨认的研究全失败了”。 【key】选D.25 【analysis】“从本文我们知道美国空军研究人员首先用了不明飞行物的术语”。 【key】选B.26【analysis】第二篇阅读理解文章含意为“教育是从出生开始，经学校正规教育，使之学会成人认为重要的经验，即三种技巧——阅读，写作与算术。教育的目标分为保守派与自由派。保守派为传播文化知识，提供三种技巧的文化课与职业专业课，强调思想训练和能力培养。自由派强调当前丰富的有意义的学校生活而且把课程看作全人类发展的才能而不仅是目标的本身”。26题Horace Mann的意思是“教育对人们的成长是必要的”【key】选A.27 【analysis】“在校内，孩子们按大人们为他们所选的教材教学”。 【key】选C.28 【analysis】三R并不包括“推理”。 【key】选D.29 【analysis】“保守派极可能强调学生作为个人培养”。 【key】选D.30 【analysis】自由派认为“教学活动应对学生是富有意义的”。 【key】选B.31 【analysis】第三篇意义为“广泛的信念为美国家庭正在消失，而新的研究揭示美国家庭比以前更牢固了。是正在变化，而并不消亡，是更小了，男女更平等了而离婚率更高了。没有证据说明在家外工作的母亲比在家内干活的对孩子们较少关心。不管是否母亲在家外工作，对孩子的教育培养并无太多的变动。孩子在14岁前最重要的活动是观看电视，而学校成为其次花费时间的活动”。 31题这篇文章主题思想为“美国家庭正在变化，但比以前更牢固了”。 【key】选C.32 【analysis】以下叙述哪点是不正确的？ 应为D�劳动妇女更少时间专心于孩子了。 【key】选D.33 【analysis】本文作者相信， 应为A�美国家庭仍稳固着。 【key】选A.34 【analysis】本世纪新的孩子照料的安排最有影响的是什么？ 应为B.电视。 【key】选B.35 【analysis】按照作者，哪两种主要因素导致美国家庭正在消亡的信念？ 应为A�离婚率高和劳动妇女忽视他们的孩子。 【key】选A.Ⅳ�Word Spelling36 【analysis】表扬 v.p 。 【key】praise37 【analysis】橡皮n.r , 来自rub v.擦。 【key】rubber38 【analysis】表面n.s , sur�超过+face面。 【key】surface39 【analysis
2022年10月自考真题答案依教育部规定出。根据查询相关公开信息显示自考真题根据教育部规定来出，所以2022年10月自考真题答案依教育部规定出。中华人民共和国教育部是中华人民共和国国务院主管教育事业和语言文字工作的国务院组成部门。
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