1. The Australian national flag has Southern ___________ on it and the flag of ___________ in its corner. 2. In 1893, _______________ became the first country to give women the vote. 3. The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was _______________. 4. The basic ethnic stock in Ireland is ________. And there are two official languages in Ireland: _____ and ______ 5. The three functions of the system of higher education in the United States are _______, _______ and _______. 6. The three branches of the US government are the __________, the _________ and the __________. 7. The English festival born of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 has been known as ____________ Day. 8. In the world context Australian manufacturing is unique. Its features include the following: ______,_____, and ____. 9. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is intentionally known for its ____________. 10. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ___________ by the Sovereign. 11. In 1066, England was conquered by the ________ who were led by ________. 12. The culture of the original people of New Zealand is called ________ 13. In the Republic of Ireland, the government’s responsibility to the Dail is ______________. 14. The sources of English law includes: _________, __________, _______, and European community law. 15. The Renaissance in England began with the accession of the House of _________ to the throne on 1485. 16. There are two official languages in Ireland: _________ and ___________. 17. In 1783, America and Britain signed the ___by which Britain recognized the Independence of the United States. 18. U.S. system of government has two layers of rule. They are the ____government and the ___governments. 19. The gold rushes in Australia took place in _______, during which an armed rebellion called _____ took place. 20. A Constitutional monarch is a country in which the head of the state is a ________ or a queen. In practice, the __________ reigns, but does not rule. 21. The largest river in Ireland is ___ River, playing a very important role in its economy and _____ are the most significant feature of Irish landscape. 22. The UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: ____industries,secondary industries,and _____ industries. 23. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the ________. 24. The British Prime Minister’s official residence is No. 10 _______ Street in London.
LSV有全球行政区划的矢量图下载，你可以百度一下。
美西战争 美西战争美西战争（Spanish-American War)美西战争是1898年，美国为夺取西班牙属地古巴、波多黎各和菲律宾而发动的战争，是列强重新瓜分殖民地的第一次帝国主义战争。古巴和菲律宾群岛既有重要的经济价值，又是美国分别向南美洲和亚洲扩张的战略基地。新兴的美国拥有雄厚的经济、军事潜力，已建立起一支较强大的海军。 美西战争西班牙早已衰落，在国际上陷于孤立。特别是古巴和菲律宾两地人民反对西班牙殖民统治的武装斗争，钳制着大量西班牙军队。西班牙军对古巴起义者的残酷镇压激怒了美国政府，并危及美国资本家在该地的经济利益。1898年2月15日，美国派往古巴护侨的军舰“缅因”号在哈瓦那港爆炸，美国遂以此事件为借口，于4月22日对西班牙采取军事行动。编辑本段背景 美西战争19世纪末，美国进入了帝国主义时期。美国垄断资本财团迫切需要开辟新的市场、投资场所和原料产地，于是各种宣传机器大造对外扩张的舆论。但是正当美国准备向海外扩张时，整个世界已为老牌殖民大国瓜分完毕。美国想重新瓜分世界殖民地，但因力量有限，还无力同英法等国相抗衡，只有老朽帝国西班牙是个好目标。这时的西班牙已是日薄西山，昔日的庞大帝国仅剩下古巴、波多黎各和亚洲的菲律宾。美国决定首先拿西班牙开刀，夺取这几个西班牙殖民地，以便控制中美洲和加勒比地区，并取得向远东和亚洲扩张的基地。 这时，西属殖民地人民的斗争也给美国创造了有利环境。菲律宾和古巴先后爆发了反对西班牙殖民统治的武装起义。菲律宾起义军已解放了全国大部分地区，包围了马尼拉。古巴起义军则牵制了西班牙的20万大军。美国抓住这一“天赐良机”，借1898年2月15日的“缅因”号事件，大造战争舆论，于4月25日正式向西班牙开战。 美国早就为战争做好了准备。美国已经建立了一支号称世界第三的强大舰队，部署在世界各战略要点上，其中驻香港的亚洲舰队早已升火待发。国会已征兵20万，并拥有速射野战炮、电报、电话等先进装备。反之，西班牙毫无准备，在古巴的20万西军只有1.2万人能打仗，其余多是老弱病残。海军仅有一些旧式木壳军舰。在菲律宾也只有4.2万军队，而且西班牙政局一片混乱，军政界人士普遍认为同美国作战没有获胜希望。编辑本段发生过程 美西战争1898年，美国为夺取西班牙属地古巴、波多黎各和菲律宾而发动的战争，是列强重新瓜分殖民地的第一次帝国主义战争。古巴和菲律宾群岛既有重要的经济价值，又是美国分别向南美洲和亚洲扩张的战略基地。新兴的美国拥有雄厚的经济、军事潜力，已建立起一支较强大的海军。西班牙早已衰落，在国际上陷于孤立。特别是古巴和菲律宾两地人民反对西班牙殖民统治的武装斗争，钳制着大量西班牙军队。西班牙军对古巴起义者的残酷镇压激怒了美国人民，并危及美国资本家在该地的经济利益。1898年2月15日，美国派往古巴护侨的军舰“缅因”号在哈瓦那港爆炸,美国遂以此事件为借口，于4月22日对西班牙采取军事行动。 美西战争早在战争爆发前夕，主持美海军工作的海军助理部长T.罗斯福即命令亚洲分舰队司令G.杜威率舰队集结香港待命，杜威进行了周密的作战准备。1898年4月30日，美分舰队进入马尼拉湾，翌日晨，发现P.蒙托霍指挥的西舰队。美西舰数对比为6:7,但美舰在总吨位、航速和火炮，特别是在战备训练水平方面，均占优势。经数小时战斗,西舰队被歼,伤亡381人。美方只有7人受伤。与此同时,菲律宾起义军积极行动,控制着马尼拉外围（该地尚有一支西班牙驻军），占领了许多重要岛屿和城镇，并建立以E.阿奎纳尔多为首的民族政府。8月13日新到的美陆军在舰队支援下登陆,同时利用菲律宾起义军,迫使马尼拉的西军投降。但在废除西班牙殖民统治以后，美政府却背弃支持菲律宾独立的诺言，宣布对菲实行军事占领，引起菲人民的强烈反抗。此后3年,美国对菲起义人民进行了残酷的军事镇压。 在加勒比海地区，西班牙原在古巴等地驻军有20余万。古巴起义军在M.戈麦斯·伊·巴埃斯领导下已解放大片国土，造成有利态势。“缅因”号事件后，西政府派出一支舰队（6艘战舰,由P.塞韦拉指挥）前去防守波多黎各，5月19日进入圣地亚哥港。美北大西洋分舰队（7艘作战舰只，司令为W.T.桑普森）立即对该港实行封锁,并要求陆军配合歼灭港内西舰队。但美陆军第5军(约1.7万人，W.沙夫特指挥)在圣地亚哥以东登陆后,坚持以夺取圣地亚哥城为目标；在攻占城东制高点的战斗中伤亡1700人。7月3日,西舰队奉命撤出圣地亚哥港,在港外被美舰队歼灭，死亡160人,被俘1800人（包括塞韦拉）。美方仅伤亡各1人。16日,圣地亚哥城在古巴起义军和美军围困下断粮，城内外西守军约2.3万人投降。25日，美陆军司令N.A.迈尔斯率领的远征军在波多黎各登陆。西政府求和。8月12日,美西双方同意停止军事行动。编辑本段菲律宾战役 美西战争在太平洋沿岸却没有任何要求保卫海防和分兵把守的呼声。实际上，很多美国人根本不知道西班牙人在太平洋还拥有实力。但是，在华盛顿却有一个人十分清楚西班牙人在太平洋拥有菲律宾，并且还有一支由各种舰只组成的舰队，此人就是海军部长助理西奥多·罗斯福。当西美冲突刚一爆发时，罗斯福就决定美国不仅要在大西洋，而且要在太平洋准备一场大战。他要寻找一个能给驻菲律宾的西班牙海军力量以迅猛打击的人。最后，他选定了乔治·杜威准将，任命他为美国亚洲分舰队的总司令。 杜威接受此项命令时是监测委员会常务主席，但他在国内战争期间身经百战，威名远扬。杜威不仅作战勇猛，而且象他的老上司戴维·格拉斯哥·法拉格特一样，他对战局有独到战术慧眼和洞察秋毫的分析能力，在离开华盛顿之前，他阅读了所有能找到的关于菲律宾的材料，研究了所有能得到的菲律宾水域的海图。1897年12月初，他动身去日本，并迫切要求海军部尽早给他送去弹药。一个月后，他在长崎登上了旗舰“奥林匹亚”号，正式任指挥。 不久，杜威指挥南下，驶往香港，逼近马尼拉。在香港，他收到了代理海军部长罗斯福的电报：“保持充足的燃煤。一旦……发生战争，你的任务是不准西班牙分舰队离开亚洲海岸，然后对菲律宾群岛发起进攻。”杜威根本不需要这种敦促，因为此时他已经在加紧备战了。他为舰队购买了一艘运煤船和一艘补给船。他命令战舰入坞，对机械部分进行大修，把船体水下部分清除干净，并将白色的船舷漆成灰色。杜威准将亲自检查一切细节，要求舰艇人员每天操练，舰上所有的机器都作好战斗准备，一接到命令就能够连续运转。为了搞清西班牙舰队和菲律宾岛上的设防情况，他派了一个密探去马尼拉，还让自己的副官化装成旅游者，从到达香港的游客那儿刺探情报。为了防止英国人在战争爆发后采取中立的立场，他又在中国海域的大鹏湾附近设立了一个临时锚地。 4月25日，海军部长发来一封电报：“美西已经开战，速往菲律宾，开始行动，尽力俘获或摧毁西舰队。”杜威又等待了36小时，直到美国领事从马尼拉带着西班牙人备战的情况赶来。4月27日，杜威挥戈南下，去征服菲律宾。 美西战争美国分舰队包括4艘巡洋舰：旗舰奥林匹亚号(5870吨)、巴尔的摩号、罗利号、波士顿号；两艘炮艇：“海燕”号和“康科德”号；以及缉私船“麦卡洛克”号。这些舰只的总吨位有2万吨，载有大约100门舰炮，其中只有半数的口径大于4英寸。此时，在远离美国舰队600海里以外的菲律宾，西班牙舰队的唐·帕特里西奥·蒙托霍少将正等待着战斗。蒙托霍唯一能起点作用的现代舰只是“雷娜·克里斯蒂娜”号。它的排水量约3500吨，载有6.2英寸口径的舰炮。另一艘巡洋舰“卡斯蒂利亚”号是一艘老式木船，靠其本身的动力还开动不了。此外是5艘500至1100吨的军舰。蒙托霍估计自己在机动作战中没有可能打败美国分舰队，于是，他打算在锚地抗击，把自己的军舰当成要塞舰队支援海岸炮兵轰击美舰。 美国舰队在去菲律宾的渡航中做了最后的作战准备，包括昼夜战斗演习，练演舰艇灭火和损管，并拆除了所有木制部件以防止火情加剧。4月30日下午，他们搜索了苏比克湾，未能发现西班牙舰队。杜威断言：“现在我们知道他们的位置了。”他指挥舰队一直驶向科雷希尔岛以南的航道，亲自领头进入三面为陆地怀抱的马尼拉湾。 杜威准将表面很自信，但内心却焦虑不安。整个远东都认为马尼拉湾是坚不可摧的。港湾的航道上已经布设了水雷。30年前，他的老上司法拉格特曾经闯过雷区，驶入莫比尔湾。尽管自那以后水雷的性能有了很大的改进，但杜威估计马尼拉不会有能在远离科雷希尔岛的深水航道上准确布雷的工兵。于是，他决定利用夜幕的掩护将自己的舰队驶入港湾。后来，他写道：“每当我处于困难的境地，或被具体问题搞得茫然不知所措时，我就问自己：‘法拉格特会怎么办呢？’我们为进入马尼拉湾在进行各项准备工作时，我不断地向自己提出这个问题，我承认，那天晚上，我们进入马尼拉湾时我正在想着他，确信自己所做的正是他会做的。” 美西战争1898年5月1日午夜刚过，当美国分舰队没有触及任何水雷，几乎要全部顺利地驶入马尼拉湾时，几门岸炮开火了，但美国军舰的炮火很快就对它们进行了压制。排成“一”字队形的舰队无一损伤地进入了海湾。黎明时，杜威的分舰队已经逼近马尼拉，开始搜寻西班牙舰队。城里的炮兵开了火，可惜全都打偏了。蒙托霍为了使马尼拉城免受美舰的炮击，就把他的舰队部署在甲米地。杜威在这儿找到了它们。因为没有弹药补给地，美舰为了节省弹药一直逼近到离西班牙舰队只有5000码的距离。上午5时40分，杜威对“奥林匹亚”号舰长下令：“准备完毕，即可开火，格里德利。”美国军舰在西班牙军舰前往复航行，不断地进行射击，这使人联想起杜邦在罗亚尔湾的战斗。好几艘西班牙军舰，包括“雷娜·克里斯蒂娜”号，几次企图冲击美舰均遭重创，不是被击沉就是被击退了。7时35分，杜威因接到弹药短缺的误报决定暂时撤离。11时，杜威重新参战，一个小时的炮击使西班牙舰队全军覆灭。杜威下令停火时，蒙托霍所有的舰只不是冒起浓烟，就是葬身海底，或是被弃了。 西班牙人在这场战斗中共伤亡381人，而杜威的舰队只有7人受了伤。受过正规射击训练的美舰至少命中了170发，而缺乏射击实践的西班牙水兵仅仅命中了15发。美国人的胜利不仅靠实力上占优势，而且也是他们准备充分的结果。杜威说：“马尼拉战役是在香港码头打赢的。”他还应该加上一句，那就是，这是个审势度时的胜利。如果他没有及时发现和打败蒙托霍的舰队，那么，他的供给就难以为继了。 由于西班牙海军的实力在这一地区已经丧失殆尽，于是，杜威就在马尼拉附近海面抛锚，使菲律宾防止外来的干扰。5艘德国军舰的到达使问题复杂化了。德国人一直在寻找机会，一旦美国人对菲律宾不感兴趣，他们就准备马上把它掠为自己的殖民地。遗憾的是，美国人对菲律宾很感兴趣。1万1千名士兵迅速从旧金山出发，前往围攻马尼拉城，并占领了这个群岛。巡洋舰“查尔斯顿”号在护送军队去菲律宾的路上，兵不血刃就占领了西班牙所属的关岛，岛上的总督竟然不知道已经爆发了战争。不到一个月，梦想成为日益强大帝国的美国又吞并了独立的夏威夷。 1898年8月13日，在美国陆、海军的联合攻击下，马尼拉城里的西班牙军队象征性的抵抗一下之后就宣布停火了。后来，美国军队花了3年的时间镇压菲律宾人的反抗。菲律宾人所希望的是独立，而不是换一个帝国主义主子。大约又过了50年，美国人才承认菲律宾人是能够自治的。然而，根据《和平条约》有关菲律宾的条款，美国却要长期插手远东事务。编辑本段古巴战役古巴是美西战争的主战场。美国组建了2.5万人的远征军，在佛罗里达的坦帕进行紧张训练。美海军由两支分舰队封锁古巴的沿海。西班牙原在古巴等地驻军有20余万。古巴起义军在M.戈麦斯·伊·巴埃斯领导下已解放大片国土，造成有利态势。“缅因”号事件后，西政府派出一支舰队（6艘战舰，由P.塞韦拉指挥）前去防守波多黎各，5月19日，西班牙舰队成功地进行了战术机动、避开美舰的封锁，抵达圣地亚哥港。由蛛网般的水雷阵掩护，并得到岸防火炮支援，准备抗击美军攻击。5月28日，美北大西洋分舰队（7艘作战舰只，司令为W.T.桑普森）驶抵圣地亚哥港外，几天后又与另一支美舰队会合，共有舰艇24艘，形成严密的封锁。美军随后出动陆军开往古巴。美陆军本想攻击哈瓦那，但因海军请求，便同意与海军合攻圣地亚哥。6月22日，美第五军近1.7万人在海军炮火掩护下，于圣地亚哥以东顺利登陆。此时，古巴起义军也已解放大部分国土，并包围了圣地亚哥。美军在与古起义军经过会谈后，开始协同作战。6月29日，美军抵达关塔纳摩郊外。7月1日，向城东制高点埃尔卡内和圣胡安山发起猛攻。 西奥多·罗斯福指挥的义勇军骁勇善战，经激烈的白刃战攻占了圣胡安山，埃尔卡内也被攻占。西军7月2、3日展开反攻，双方展开拉锯战，美军终于击退了西军的反扑。美军伤亡达1700人。 在陆军激战的同时，7月3日西班牙舰队企图突围。双方在圣地亚哥湾展开了激烈的海战。美海军24艘舰，西军仅9艘。美海军舰艇先进攻，火力既猛又打得远。每次齐射的炮弹总重量为1.9万磅，西军齐射一次仅6000磅。美军以猛烈而准确的火力打得西舰一艘接一艘起火燃烧沉没。经4小时激战，西舰队又全军覆灭，被击沉舰艇7艘，被俘2艘，阵亡600人，舰队司令塞尔维拉及1800名官兵被俘。美军仅有2舰轻伤，死伤各1人。 美军歼灭了西舰队后，和古起义军围攻圣地亚哥。7月16日，西军弹尽粮绝，2.4万军队放下了武器。美军同在菲律宾一样背信弃义，撇开起义军而单独与西班牙谈判与受降，禁止起义军入城，美军独享了胜利果实。编辑本段其他方面战役在战争过程中，美军还夺取了其他一些战略要点。6月20日，美军攻占了太平洋上的重要战略岛屿关岛。7月4日，又占领威克岛。7月25日，纳尔逊·迈尔斯指挥3000美军登陆波多黎各建立了军事基地。8月初，美又增兵1万，分四路围攻波多黎各首府圣胡安，经过小规模战斗，付出50人的伤亡后，攻占了波多黎各全岛。编辑本段历史意义1898年的美西战争标志着美国作为一个主要军事力量的崛起。这场历时仅100余天、致使3000美国人丧生的短暂的海上冲突使美国陷入了远东的复杂问题，也使敢于与美国军事力量抗衡的欧洲列强得到了警告。对美国人自己来说，这场战争则标志着它要更多地参与世界事务。 虽然美西战争的第一次大海战发生在东半球的菲律宾，但冲突的起因却是古巴的骚乱。在古巴，多年来对西班牙人的暴政的反抗最终导致了1895年的大暴动。起义者的残暴并不亚于西班牙统治者，他们制定了一条蓄意掠夺的政策。这条政策规定，如果美国人不交保护金，他们的财产就不受保护，这些保护金用来在财政上支援暴乱和进行扩大宣传。事实上，美国参与此事的主要原因是要保护美国人所拥有的甘蔗种植园和糖厂。这些大种植园和糖厂的利润是不容忽视的，投资5千万美元，年贸易额可高达1亿美元。西班牙政府决定结束古巴的这种令人无法容忍的状况。1896年初，西班牙政府派陆军上将巴莱里亚诺·韦莱尔去哈瓦那采取断然措施。韦莱尔的办法就是把平民驱赶到集中区，使他们无法援助叛乱。集中区里恶劣的卫生的条件使几千人丧生，其中大多数是妇女和儿童。由于古巴叛乱政权在纽约进行巧妙的煽动，美国公众对“刽子手韦莱尔”的非人道做法反应强烈，有人要求马上承认叛乱“政府”。作为对公众呼声的反应，国会通过了一项决议案，要求承认古巴叛乱政权。反对帝国主义政策的克利夫兰总统认为，这一决议案是对他行政权力的干涉而不予理睬，他宣称拒绝出兵与西班牙开战；而另一方面，他又对西班牙政府明确表示，美国对西班牙在古巴的统治的尊重“将为更高的义务所代替，我们会毫不犹豫地承认和履行这种义务”。 1897年，西班牙新的自由党内阁召回了韦莱尔，放松了将平民驱赶到集中区的工作，并允许古巴人有一定程度的自主权。这时，美国人开始对古巴问题失去兴趣，但1898年2月出现的两个事件却在美国掀起了一场民愤的风暴。事件之一是纽约《月报》发表了一封轻率的私人信件。这封信是西班牙驻华盛顿公使迪皮伊·德·洛梅写的，后来，它落入古巴叛乱者的手中，这位公使在他的信中暗示了西班牙在为悬而未决的贸易协议举行的协商中的欺骗行为，并说麦金利[译者注：麦金利(1843-1901)于1897-1901年任美国第25任总统。]总统是个“次等的政治家”。一个星期之后，被派往古巴保护美国人的生命财产的“缅因”号战列舰在一声巨响中一分为二，260名舰员死亡。美国公众认为这一爆炸来自外界破坏，是西班牙人用炸弹干的。纽约《月报》悬赏5万美元，要求捉拿和审判罪犯，但一直无人响应。尽管后来的研究已经表明，那场爆炸很可能是由于一场内部事故[原作者注：美国海军上将海曼·G·里科弗搜集了所有的资料，包括1911年“缅因”号被打捞起来后的大量照片，于1975年把这些资料交给了大卫·W·泰勒船舶研究与发展中心结构部的设计应用助理汉森和海军水面武器研究中心的物理学家罗伯特·S·普赖斯。这些专家利用现代测试技术知识和近期战争的经验得出结论：“破坏的特点与内部大爆炸相符。”他们从理论上说明，由于通风条件不好，烟煤自燃引爆了相邻的弹药舱里的火药，因而导致了其它弹药舱相继爆炸。(《“缅因”号军舰被毁原因》H·G·里科弗，1976。)]造成的，但美国已经处于战争的边缘了。 由于一旦与西班牙发生军事冲突，古巴会成为第一个攻击目标，其次是波多黎各，所以，美国舰队大都集中于大西洋。为了进一步增强这一地区的军事实力，“俄勒冈”号从皮吉特海峡出发，绕过南美洲到达加勒比海。“俄勒冈”号以平均约12节的速度，用了66天完成了15,000海里的航程，完成了一次出色的远航。它的抵达使大西洋分舰队的力量增强到5艘战列舰：“衣阿华”号、“印第安纳”号、“马萨诸塞”号、“得克萨斯”号、“俄勒冈”号。此外，该分舰队还有两艘铁甲巡洋舰：“纽约”号、“布鲁克林”号和其他一些小舰。而这时，海军部 “缅因”号事件对西班牙人也产生了影响。他们试图平息美国人的愤怒，同时，也在为战争做准备。刚接到爆炸的消息，西班牙海军大臣就向海军发出警报，并告诫当时指挥本土舰队的海军上将帕斯夸尔·塞韦拉准备摧毁基韦斯特的美国基地，然后封锁美国沿海。 塞韦拉对此事并不乐观，在他看来，这个命令是极其荒谬的，因为他的作战力量只有4艘破烂不堪的巡洋舰和2艘驱逐舰。他认为，自己的海军无法与美国海军抗衡。大西洋彼岸，西班牙没有强大的军事基地，因此他的舰队在古巴和波多黎各很可能得不到充足的后勤支援。他表示，一旦发生战争，西班牙海军最实际的行动方案应该是保存实力以保护国土。塞韦拉强调指出：只要西班牙纠集起一支能在装备和供应上提供帮助的海上同盟力量，他的舰队就能使美国海岸成为有利可图的军事目标。内阁据此修改了它的指示，但坚持认为海军力量至少应该保卫波多黎各。塞韦拉仍认为自己的使命毫无希望。1898年4月8日，他率领舰队从加的斯启航前往佛得角群岛，等待形势的进一步发展。 西班牙本土舰队出发的消息在美国东海岸引起了一场战争大恐慌。各处的市民根据道听途说臆想出海岸遭轰击和敌人入侵的情景。陆军和海军都听到了保卫海防的狂乱呼声。陆军部长拉塞尔·阿尔杰后来回忆说：“要求陆军部马上对前来的西班牙舰队采取行动的呼声之紧急让人伤心。电报、信函，还有代表受威胁地区的政治家们一起涌进了陆军部。各地都要求配发枪支，并要求把地图上能找到的所有河流和港口都布上水雷。”西奥多·罗斯福后来回忆说，神经质的波士顿金融家们因为担心自己的投资债券的安全而向内地搬迁了50英里。 1898年美西战争期间，西班牙军队 由于没有造成任何破坏，一些神经质的人也安静下来了，这是因为政府慷慨地向沿海各地发放了国内战争时期的一批老式枪炮。它们毫无意义地瞄着辽阔的大西洋，但是，要求舰队保护东海岸每一区域的呼声后来又高涨起来，因为就舰队的机动性而言，它是一种进攻性武器，即便舰队的任务是防御，它的所属舰只也决不会退化成一座座固定不动的炮台。 海军部很清楚，无论在什么情况下，北大西洋分舰队都必须作为一个整体来行动，即使塞韦拉不是在美国人枕戈待旦的加勒比海出击，而是攻击其他地区，这支舰队仍能以其保持完好的整体给敌人以牙还牙的打击；如果把舰队零零散散地沿着海岸线部署，那在军事上无异于自取灭亡。然而，即使是这样，还要以某种方式满足沿海城市要求海军保护的呼声。最后，海军部以折衷的办法解决了这个问题——北大西洋分舰队被分为两大股：一股由代理指挥官海军少将威廉·T·桑普森指挥，驻扎在基韦斯特，准备应付西班牙人对古巴和波多黎各的挑衅行动；另一股就是所谓“飞行中队”，集结于诺福克，由海军准将温菲尔德·斯科特·施莱指挥，作为一个活动的海上堡垒守卫着大西洋沿岸；另有一支规模不大的、由老式的、大多是已退役的舰只组成的北方巡逻分舰队护卫着特拉华角以北的海岸线。 与此同时，西班牙内阁正面对着美国提出的与叛乱者停战和结束集中平民的要求犹豫不决，它既担心接受美国的要求会引起国内革命，又担心拒绝美国的要求会引发美西冲突。4月9日，内阁在这两点要求上都做出了让步，但为时已晚，因为麦金利总统已经认识到高呼着“让古巴自由”的民主党人在下届选举时会将他击败，除非他断然采取行动，结束在西班牙殖民地中的恶劣状况。于是，他在11日向国会递交了战争咨文，要求政府动用陆海军力量。一个星期之后，国会通过了一项联合决议，宣布古巴自由独立，要求西班牙撤出其军队，并批准总统利用武装力量执行这一决议，决议的最后一款——即泰勒修正案——保证，无论如何美国将不会吞并古巴。 1898年4月22日，海军部命令桑普森封锁古巴海域，封锁线从哈瓦那开始，绕过这一岛国的西端直到南海岸的西恩富戈斯。4月25日，国会宣布从4月21日起就已进入战争状态。4月29日，塞韦拉的舰队驶离佛得角，前去保卫波多黎各。塞韦拉“在选择航线、港口和决定在何种情况下开战或回避等重大问题上拥有最大的自由”。编辑本段结果12月10日，双方于巴黎签订和约。和约规定：西班牙承认古巴独立（实际上沦为美国的保护国），将波多黎各、关岛和菲律宾转让美国；美国为获得菲律宾向西班牙交付2000万美元作为抵偿。整个战争期间，美军死亡约5000人（其中战死不足400人,其余多系病死）。美国以极小的代价从西班牙手中夺取了重要的海外殖民地，主要是利用了古巴、菲律宾人民的武装斗争。这次战争，成为世界开始进入帝国主义时代的主要标志之一。在战争中，美海军战备程度较高，但陆军准备不足，陆海军协同很差，登陆作战的组织混乱，促使战后美国进一步加强海军，并力图克服战争中暴露的问题，为继续向海外扩张作准备。
首先不能没有目标的到处看第一得把你所要考的国家的最重要的概况给做个笔记归纳比如说英国的三权分立是哪三权，各自的机构又是什么之类的把每个单元的重点先找出来然后归纳会考的要点有些难于理解的东西先看中文再看英文大概就这么多，加油
美国、澳大利亚、加拿大和新西兰,以及一些说英语的国家比例比较大，主要是英美，主要是自己把英语学好了就没什么问题了
今天教务老师给大家收集整理了自考英语国家概况教材答案，自考英语国家概况总是不过关的相关问题解答，还有免费的自考历年真题及自考复习重点资料下载哦，以下是全国我们为自考生们整理的一些回答，希望对你考试有帮助！英语国家概况课后问题答案？要详细点的，谢谢Chapter 1 land and people 1.what are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth? The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. 2.Describe the geographical position of Britian? Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe.It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 3.Whereabouts in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland? The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. 4.Does Britain have a favourable climate? why? Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate—winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot.It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year.It has a small 。。文库里的 英语国家概况课后题总结谢福之英语国家概况答案09四月自考英语国家概况试卷及答案第一部分：听力做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.15.C．£9.18.答案是B.1.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.￡7.5.B.￡15.C.￡50.2.Whichistherightgatefortheman’sflight?A.Gate16.B.Gate22.C.Gate25.3.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutgoingtoschoolbybike?A.Happy.B.Tired.C.Worried.4.Whencanthemangetthecomputers?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday5.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheshirtfortheparty?A.Thesizeisnotlargeenough.B.Thematerialisnotgood.C.Thecolorisnotsuitable.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Brown?A.Heisinhisoffice.B.Heisatameeting.C.Heisoutforameeting.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Callback.B.Comeagain.C.Leaveamessage.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwanttotake?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Aroomforthree.9.Whatdoesthemanneedtoputintheform?A.Telephoneandstudentcardnumbers.B.Studentcardnumberandaddress.C.Addressandtelephonenumber.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fellowclerks.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Customerandsalesperson.11.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthisjob?A.Livingclosetotheoffice.B.Chancestogoabroad.C.Nicepeopletoworkwith.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shelikestraveling.B.Sheisnewtothecompany.C.Sheworksinpublicrelations.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whenwillthevisitorscome?A.InMarch.B.InApril.C.InMay.14.Howmanyvisitorsarecoming?A.8.B.10.C.12.15Whatwillthevisitorsdoonthesecondday?A.Gotoaparty.B.Visitschools.C.Attendalecture.16.Wherewillthevisitorsgoonthefinalday?A.ToLondonB.ToScotlandC.Tothecoast.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthefirstwordthebabytriedtosay?A.Truck.B.Ok.C.Duck.18.Howoldwasthebabywhenhelearnedtosaythatwordcorrectly?A.About18months.B.About21months.C.About24months.19.Whatdidthefatherdowhenthebabyscreamedthatwordattheairport?A.Hecorrectedthebaby.B.Hetriedtostopthebaby.C.Hehidhimselfsomewhere.20.Whydidthemotherpretendnottoknowthebaby?A.Shegotangrywiththefather.B.Shewasfrightenedbythenoise.C.Shefeltuneasyaboutthenoisybaby.第二部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B.2l.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe______hereanymore.A.hasn’tlivedB.didn’tliveC.hadn’tlivedD.doesn’tlive22.We______thelastbusanddidn’thaveanymoneyfortaxi,sowehadtowalkhome.A.reachedB.lostC.missedD.caught23.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas______wedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.What24.There’snolighton-they______beathome.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t25.-Excuseme,canyoutellmewherethenearestbankis,please?－______Ohyes!It’spasttheoffice,nexttoabigmarket.A.Mm,letmethink.B.Oh,Ibegyourpardon?C.You’rewelcome.D.Whatdoyoumean?26.IfIcanhelp_______,Idon’tlikeworkinglateintothenight.A.soB.thatC.itD.them27.Mikedidn’tplayfootballyesterdaybecausehehad______hisleg.A.damagedB.hurtC.hitD.struck28.______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although29.Thewater______coolwhenIjoinedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels30.-Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?-Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn’t______Mr.Smithhere.A.不填B.aC.theD.one31.Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasif______yesterday.A.washappeningB.happensC.hashappenedD.happened32.______andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising33.Pleaseremindme______hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.whereB.whenC.howD.what34.-IwonderifIcouldpossiblyuseyourcarfortonight?-______.I’mnotusingitanyhow.A.Sure,goheadB.Idon’tknowC.Yes,indeedD.Idon’tcare35.Mary,______here-everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.coming第二节完型填空阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项OnahotsummerdayinlastAugust,IsoughtshadeandacooldrinkatawaterfrontcafeonaGreekisland.Overahundreddegreesin36air.Crowded.Tempers(脾气)ofboththetouristsandwaitershad37tomeetthesituation,makingitaratherquarrelsomeenvironment(环境).Atthetablenexttominesatanattractive,38couple,waitingfor39.Theyheldhands,whispered,kissed,andlaughed.Suddenlytheystood,pickeduptheir40andsteppedtogether41theedgeofwheretheyweresittingtoplacethetableintheseawater.Themanstepped42forthetwochairs.Hepolitely43hisladyintheknee-deepwaterandthensatdownhimself.Allpeoplearoundlaughedandcheered.44appeared.Hepausedforjustasecond,walkedintothewaterto45thetableandtaketheir46,andthenwalkedbacktothe47cheersoftherestofhis48.Minuteslaterhereturnedcarryingabottleofwineandtwoglasses.Withoutpausing,hewent49intothewaterto50thewine.Thecoupletoasted(祝酒)eachother,thewaiterandthecrowd.Andthecrowd51bycheeringandthrowingflowerstothem.Threeothertables52tohavelunchinthewater.Theplacewasnowfilledwithlaughter.Onedoesn’tstepintowaterinone’sbestsummerclothes.Whynot?Customersarenotserved53.Whynot?Sometimesoneshouldconsider54thelineofconvention(常规)andenjoy55tothefullest.36.A.freshB.coolC.stillD.thin37.A.managedB.expectedC.attemptedD.risen38.A.lonelyB.curiousC.well-dressedD.bad-tempered39.A.cheersB.serviceC.attentionD.flowers40.A.metaltableB.emptybottleC.chairsD.bags41.A.onB.offC.aroundD.along42.A.outsideB.forwardC.downD.back43.A.ledB.seatedC.watchedD.received44.A.ThemanagerB.AfriendC.AwaiterD.Theservant45.A.setB.washC.removeD.check46.A.menuB.billC.foodD.order47.A.loudB.anxiousC.familiarD.final48.A.touristsB.customersC.fellowsD.assistants49.A.atlastB.intimeC.oncemoreD.aswell50.A.changeB.drinkC.sellD.serve51.A.repliedB.insistedC.agreedD.understood52.A.preparedB.joinedinC.settledupD.continued53.A.withpleasureB.inthecafeC.inttheseaD.withwine54.A.followingB.keepingC.limitingD.crossing55.A.lifeB.wineC.lunchD.time第三部分：阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mostpeoplethinkofracingwhentheyseegreyhounds(灰狗)andbelievetheyneedlotsofexercise.Theycanactuallybequitelazy!Greyhoundsaregoodatfastracesbutnotlong-distancerunning.Theydoneedregularexercisebuttheyliketorunforashortburstandthengetbackonthebedoracomfortableseat.Anothermisunderstandingisthatgreyhoundsmustbeaggressive(好斗的)becausetheyarebiginsize.Infactgreyhoundslovepeopleandaregentlewithchildren.Greyhoundscanlivefor12–14yearsbutusuallyonlyracefortwoorthreeyears,andafterthattheymakegreatpets.Theydon’tneedalotofspace,don’tmakealotofnoise,anddon’teatalotfortheirsize.Normally,greyhoundscanbeastallas90cm.Thereis,however,asmall-sizedgreyhound,whichstandsonly33cm.Greyhoundscomeinavarietyofcolors.Greyandyellowish-brownarethemostcommon.Othersincludeblack,white,blue,redandbrownoramixofthese.Greyhoundshavesmoothbodycoats,lowbodyfatandareveryhealthy.Becausethey’reslim(苗条的)theydon’thavethelegproblemslikeotherdogsthesameheight.Buttheydofeelthecold,especiallysincetheywouldmuchratherbeathomeinbedthanwalkingaroundoutside.56.Thetextiswrittenmainly______.A.totellpeoplehowtoraisegreyhoundsB.toletpeopleknowmoreaboutgreyhoundsC.toexplainwhygreyhoundsareaggressiveD.todescribegreyhoundsofdifferentcolors57.Itcanbeinferredthatgreyhounds_______.A.lovebigdoghousesB.likestayinginbedalldayC.makethebestguarddogsD.needsomeexerciseoutdoors58.Whydoestheauthorsaythatgreyhoundsmakegreatpets?A.Theyarebiginsize.B.Theyliveaverylonglife.C.Theycanrunracesforsometime.D.Theyarequietandeasytolookafter.59.Ifyoukeepapetgreyhound,itisimportant________.A.tokeepitslimB.tokeepitwarmC.totakespecialcareofitslegsD.totakeittoanimaldoctorsregularlyManyyearsago,whenIwasfreshoutofschoolandworkinginDenver,Iwasdrivingtomyparents’homeinMissouriforChristmas.Istoppedatagasstation(加油站)about50milesfromOklahomaCity,whereIwasplanningtostopandvisitafriend.WhileIwasstandinginlineatthecashregister(收款台),Isaidhellotoanoldercouplewhowerealsopayingforgas.Itookoff,buthadgoneonlyafewmileswhenblacksmokepouredfromthebackofmycar.IstoppedandwonderedwhatIshoulddo.Acarpulledupbehindme.ItwasthecoupleIhadspokentoatthegasstation.Theysaidtheywouldtakemetomyfriend’sWechattedonthewayintothecity,andwhenIgotoutofthecar,thehusbandgavemehisbusinesscard.Iwrotehimandhiswifeathank-younoteforhelpingme.Soonafterward,IreceivedaChristmaspresentfromthem.Theirnotethatcamewithitsaidthathelpingmehadmadetheirholidaysmeaningful.Yearslater,Idrovetoameetinginanearbytowninthemorning.InlateafternoonIreturnedtomycarandfoundthatI’dleftthelightsonallday,andthebattery(电池)wasdead.ThenInoticedthattheFriendlyForddealership-ashopsellingcars-wasrightnextdoor.Iwalkedoverandfoundtwosalesmenintheshowroom.“JusthowfriendlyisFriendlyFord?”Iaskedandexplainedmytrouble.Theyquicklydroveapickuptrucktomycarandstartedit.Theywouldacceptnopayment,sowhenIgothome,Iwrotethemanotetosaythanks.Ireceivedaletterbackfromoneofthesalesmen.Noonehadevertakenthetimetowritehimandsaythankyou,anditmeantalot,hesaid.“Thankyou”-twopowerfulwords.They’reeasytosayandmeansomuch.60.TheauthorplannedtostopatOklahomaCity_________.A.tovisitafriendB.toseehisparentsC.topayatthecashregisterD.tohavemoregasforhiscar61.Thewords“tookoff”underlinedinParagraph2mean“______”.A.turnedoffB.movedoffC.putupD.setup62.Whathappenedwhentheauthorfoundsmokecomingoutofhiscar?A.Hehaditpulledbacktothegasstation.B.Thecouplesenthimabusinesscard.C.Thecoupleofferedtohelphim.D.Hecalledhisfriendforhelp.63.Thebatteryoftheauthor’scarwasdeadbecause_______.A.somethingwentwrongwiththelightsB.themeetinglastedawholedayC.heforgottoturnoffthelightsD.hedrovetoolongadistance64.Bytellinghisownexperiences,theauthortriestoshow______.A.howtowriteathank-youletterB.howtodealwithcarproblemsC.thekind-heartednessofolderpeopleD.theimportanceofexpressingthanksAstudyofEnglishlearningproblemswascarriedoutamongatotalof106foreignstudents.ItshowsthatmoststudentsconsideredunderstandingspokenEnglishtobetheirbiggestproblemonarrival.Thiswasfollowedbyspeaking.Writingincreasedasaproblemasstudentsdiscovereddifficultiesinwritingpapersthattheywerenowexpectedtohandin.Readingremainedasasignificant(显著的)problem.Theinformationgainedhelpedusindeterminingwherespecialattentionshouldbepaidinourcourse.Althoughmanystudentshavechosentojointhecoursewithareasonablemotivation(动机),weconsidereditimportanttonotewhatseemedtoencourageinterest.Nearlyallthestudentshaveexperiencedsomekindofgrammar-basedEnglishteachingintheirowncountry.Tousethesamemethodwouldbeself-defeatingbecauseitmightreducemotivation,especiallyifithasfailedinthepast.Thereforeadifferentmethodmayhelpbecauseitisdifferent.Varietyofactivitywasalsoseenasawayofmaintaining(保持)orincreasingmotivation.Severalyearsagowehadonetimetablethatoperatedthroughout,butwesoonfoundthatboththestudentsandtheteacherslostinterestbyabouthalfwaythroughthetenweeks.Thisledustoamajorre-think,sofinallywebroughtitintolinewiththeexpressedlanguageneedsofthestudents.65.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Foreignstudentshavemoreproblems.B.TherearemanywaystoimproveEnglish.C.Teachingshouldmeetstudents’needs.D.Englishlearningproblemsshouldbestudiedagain.66.Writingbecameabiggerproblemwhenforeignstudents________.A.hadtowritetheirpapersB.becamebetteratspeakingC.becamelessinterestedinreadingD.hadfewerproblemswithlistening67.Wemayinferfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.A.differentteachingmethodsshouldbeusedB.grammar-basedteachingseemstobeencouragingC.EnglishcoursesarenecessaryforforeignstudentsD.teachingcontentshouldbechangedhalfway.Sincemyretirement(退休)fromteachingmusicin2001,Ihavespentagooddealoftimepaintingasanartist.Iactuallybegandrawingagaininthesummerof1995whenmyfatherdied,soperhapsIwastryingtorecoverfromthelossofmyfather,ormaybeitwasjustthatitbroughtbackmemoriesofhim.Inanycase,Idrewpenandinkanimalsandlandscapes(风景画)muchinfluenced(影响)byKrenkelandSt.Johnforfiveyears.Forsomestrangereason,Ihadbeenwaitinguntilmyretirementtostartdoingwatercolorsagain,butassoonasIwalkedoutoftheschooldoorforthelasttimeIpickedupmybrushesandrediscoveredAndrewWyeth,whoquicklybecamemyfavoriteartist.IhadlookedthroughalltheartbooksIhadonmyshelvesandfoundhiswatercolorstobetheclosesttohowIthoughtgoodwatercolorsshouldlook.SoIpaintedlandscapesaroundMinnesotaforthreeyearsandtriedoutmanyothertypesofpainting.However,watercolorsremainedmyfirstchoice,andIthinkIdidmybestworkthere,showingmypaintingsatanumberofartexhibitions.Artisnowtogetherwithmypianoplayingandreading.Thereisatimeforeverythinginmyworld,anditiswonderfultohavesometimedoingwhatIwanttodo.AsConfuciousoncesaid,“AtseventyIcanfollowmyheart’sdesire.”69.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Learningtopaintinlaterlife.B.HowtopaintwatercolorsC.Anartist-turnedteacherD.Lifeafterretirement70.Theauthorstarteddrawingagainin1995because_________.A.hehopedtodrawapictureofhisfatherB.hecouldn’tstopmissinghisfatherC.hehadmoretimeafterretirementD.helikedanimalsandlandscapes71.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheauthor__________.A.hadbeentaughtbyKrenkelandSt.JohnB.paintedlandscapesinMinnesotafor5yearsC.believedWyethtobethebestinwatercolorsD.startedhisretirementlifeattheageofseverty72.Howdoestheauthorprobablyfeelabouthislifeasanartist?A.Veryenjoyable.B.AbitregretfulC.Ratherbusy.D.Fairlydull.PhillipIslandPenguins(企鹅)TheLittlePenguinhascalledPhillipIslandhomeforuntoldgenerations.GettoPhillipIslandinplentyoftimetowatchssummersunsetatSummerlandBeach–thestageisattractivelysettoseethelittlePenguinleavewaterandstepontoland.•LeaveMelbourneat5:30pmforadirectjourneytoPhillipIsland.•SeetheGippslandarea–GuinnessBookofRecordsplacefortheworld’slongestearthworm(蚯蚓)•JourneyalongthecoastalhighwayaroundtheBaywithFrenchIslandandChurchillIslandinthedistance•CrossthebridgeatSanRemotoenterPhillipIsland–naturalhomeforLittlePenguinsandmanyanimals•Takeyourplaceinspecialviewingstands(看台)towatchthedailyeveningperformanceofthewildLittlePenguinsUltimatePenguins(+U)Joinagroupofupto15.Thisguidedtourgoestoanattractive,quietbeachtoseeLittlePenguins.Youcanseepenguinsatnightbywearingaspecialpairofglasses.Adult(成人)$60.00Child$30.00ViewingPlatformPenguinPlus(+V)Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthemainviewingstands.Adult$25.00Child$12.50PenguinSkybox(+S)Joinagroupofonly5inthecomfortofaspecial,higher-upviewingtower.GainanexcellentoverviewofSummerlandBeach.Adult16yrs73.Whatkindofpeopleisthetextmainlywrittenfor?A.Scientists.B.StudentsC.Tourists.D.Artists.74.WecanlearnfromthetextthatLittlePenguins__________.A.havebeenonPhillipIslandforyearsB.keepaGuinnessrecordfortheirsizeC.aretrainedtopracticedivingforvisitorsD.liveinlargegroupstoprotectthemselves75.Howmuchwouldacouplewithonechildpayforacloserviewingtour?A.$37.50.B.$62.50.C.$180.00.D.$150.00.自考英语专科中的英语国家概况和综合英语2要怎么学习才能顺利通过英语国家概况是笔试中最难的一门，综二难度不大。建议你将精力主要放在概况上面。我专科考了三年，其它的都是一次通过的。只有概况考了两次，第一次56分，第二次68。做好心理准备吧，如果你非常厉害的话可能只考一次。英语自考有谁可以告诉我怎样才能通过英语国家概况的考试,多谢!.记忆的东西比较多.抓住重点.好好看书复习了自考/成考有疑问、不知道自考/成考考点内容、不清楚当地自考/成考政策，点击底部咨询官网老师，免费领取复习资料：
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试 英语国家概况试题 课程代码：00522 I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each) 1. Strictly speaking, “the British Isles” refers to_______. A. Great Britain B. Ireland C. the United Kingdom D. Great Britain and Ireland 2. Which of the following kings was responsible for the complete establishment of the feudal system in England? A. Edward I B. Henry II C. Alfred the Great D. William the Conqueror 3. The spirit of the Great Charter was ______. A. a limitation of the powers of the king B. a guarantee of the freedom of the serfs C. a limitation of the powers of the Church D. a declaration of equality among all people 4. Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death? A. Much land was left untended. B. There was a terrible shortage of labour. C. The surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining. D. Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming. 5. The War of Roses that took place from 1455 to 1485 was fought between ______. A. Britain and France B. the Parliament and the Crown C. the working people and the aristocrats D. two branches of the Plantagenet family 6. The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in the so-called ______. A. Romantic poetry B. Romantic fiction C. Elizabethan poetry D. Elizabethan drama 7. British constitutional monarchy is a system under which the powers of the ______ are limited by Parliament or the constitution. A. church B. king or queen C. government ministers D. Bishop’s court 8. The Tories in Britain were the forerunners of ______, which still bears this nickname today. A. the Labor Party B. the Liberal Party C. the Conservative Party D. the Social Democratic Party 9. Which of the following was NOT included in the six-point demand of the Chartist Movement? A. Equal electoral districts B. Voting by secret ballot C. The vote for all adult males D. The vote for all adult females 10. During the First World War, Britain was allied with ______. A. Turkey B. the Central Powers C. France and Russia D. Germany and Austria-Hungary 11. Who was the man that led Britain in the crisis of the Second World War? A. George VI B. Theodore Roosevelt C. Neville Chamberlain D. Sir Winston Churchill 12. The new policies adopted by Mrs. Thatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as ______. A. Thatcherism B. the New Deal C. New Frontier D. Keynesianism 13. Over the past one thousand years, the British ______ has been broken only once between 1649 and 1660. A. Cabinet B. Parliament C. Monarchy D. Privy Council 14. Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain? A. The Queen B. The Parliament C. The House of Lords D. The Church of England 15. In Britain, a full meeting of ______ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry. A. the Privy Council B. the Parliament C. the House of Commons D. the House of Lords 16. Which of the following is NOT involved in the British judicial responsibilities? A. Attorney General B. Ministry of Justice C. The Lord Chancellor D. The Home Secretary 17. Bank holidays in Britain refer to ______. A. official public holidays B. holidays for the banks only C. public holidays except for the banks D. holidays for the financial institutions only 18. Which statement about the British universities is NOT true? A. They enjoy academic freedom. B. They cannot appoint their own staff. C. They are governed by royal charters. D. They provide their own courses and award their own degrees. 19. ______, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century. A. Basketball B. Tennis C. Football D. Baseball 20. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______. A. the Prime Minister B. the Lord Chancellor C. the Home Secretary D. the Attorney General 21. Which statement about the Puritans is NOT true? A. The Puritans did not allow religious dissent. B. The Puritans were poor artisans and unskilled peasants. C. They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England. D. They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church. 22. The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S. is the ______, which accounts over 12.1% of the population. A. blacks B. Asians C. Indians D. Hispanics 23. The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are ______. A. Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John Jay B. George Washington, James Madison and John Jay C. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay D. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Adams 24. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______. A. the Southern States of America B. the Federalist States of America C. the Confederate States of America D. the Anti-confederate States of America 25. With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A., there appeared ______. A. a rapid growth of cities B. an influx of foreign goods C. an increase of urban ghettos D. a great increase in the number of farms 26. In the early 19th century, ______ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop monopolistic business mergers in the United States. A. J.P. Morgan B. Woodrow Wilson C. Henry Rockefeller D. Theodore Roosevelt 27. The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American ______. A. religious intolerance B. intolerant nationalism C. Progressive Movement D. deregulation of big trusts 28. In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist, but the ______ suddenly changed the whole situation, which propelled the U.S. into the Second World War. A. Pearl Harbor attack B. bombing of Guam island C. seizing of American merchant ships D. sinking of American passenger ships 29. In 1962, President ______ finally decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from entering Cuba and demanded Soviet removal of the missiles there. A. Nixon B. Truman C. Johnson D. Kennedy 30. In 1853, in the ______, another 30,000 square miles of Mexican land were added to the territory of the U.S.A. A. Atlantic Purchase B. Mexican Purchase C. Gadsden Purchase D. Louisiana Purchase 31. The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______. A. unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit B. unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit C. mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit D. unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit 32. Which statement about the U.S. Constitution is NOT true? A. It is the supreme law of the land. B. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. C. It was adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress. D. It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress. 33. The American President usually takes an oath of office, administered by the ______ of the United States in January. A. Chief Justice B. House Speaker C. Secretary of State D. Senate Majority Leader 34. The U.S. Constitution provides that the ______ shall be President of the Senate. A. Vice President B. Secretary of State C. Senate Majority Leader D. Senate Minority Leader 35. Which one of the following is NOT government-run at the U.S. federal level? A. Motor vehicle B. The road system C. National defense D. The postal service 36. It is generally agreed that U.S. higher education began with the______. A. Civil War B. Independence War C. founding of Harvard College D. founding of Princeton University 37. Formal education in the United States consists of ______. A. kindergarten, junior and senior education B. junior, elementary and secondary education C. elementary, secondary and higher education D. kindergarten, secondary and higher education 38. In his Old Man and the Sea, Ernest Hemingway ______. A. expresses the idea of facing defeat courageously B. shows the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people C. praises the ideas of equality and democracy and the joy of common people D. describes the sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York 39. In the early part of the 19th century, ______ was the center of American writing. A. Boston B. Detroit C. New York City D. Philadelphia 40. The most important patriotic holiday in the U.S. is ______. A. Halloween B. Veterans’ Day C. Thanksgiving Day D. Independence Day 41. The capital city of Ireland is ______. A. Cork B. Dublin C. Galway D. Waterford 42. Historically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its ______. A. racial unity B. racial homogeneity C. multi-culturalism D. high rate of emigration 43. Ireland has the following demographic features EXCEPT ______. A. a late marriage age B. an excess of females in the population C. a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages D. a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration 44. Which of the following is a typical bilingual city in Canada? A. Ottawa B. Calgary C. Toronto D. Vancouver 45. Which of the following statements about immigration in Canada is NOT true? A. It is estimated that one-third of Canadians were born in other countries. B. Immigration has always been an important source of its population growth. C. Immigration has played an important role in the development of its economy. D. in the past Britain and Western Europe were the principal sources of Canadian immigration. 46. In terms of land area, Canada is the ______ largest country in the world. A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth 47. The head of state of Australia is ______. A. the Governor B. the President C. the Prime Minister D. the Queen of England 48. ______ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million. A. Perth B. Sydney C. Brisbane D. Melbourne 49. A ______, where two parts of the earth’s crust meet, runs the length of New Zealand. A. fault line B. built area C. dormant volcano D. geothermal area 50. The Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 was an agreement between ______. A. the Maori whalers and the British Crown B. the Maori people and the British missionaries C. the Maori traders and the British missionaries D. the chiefs of the Maori people and the British Crown II. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each) 51. What are the main functions of the British Parliament? 52. What were the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years? 53. What was the outcome of the English Civil War? 54. What are the three main Christian festivals in the U.K.? 55. What were the three cornerstones of American postwar economic boom? 56. What was the most important document produced between China and the United States when President Nixon visited China in 1972? 57. What is the most central function of the U.S. Congress? 58. What are the two major parties that dominate American politics at the federal, state and local levels? 59. What are the two official languages used in Ireland? 60. Who are the native people living in Australia? III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each) 61. Open University 62. The Speaker (of the House of Commons in Britain) 63. Muckrakers 64. The stock market crash of 1929
你如果英国和美国部分100%正确,那加拿大,澳大利亚,新西兰就不用看了.问题是你能100%对吗?
1. Queen.4. to pass laws; (2) to provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of government; (3) to examine government Policy and administrations, including proposal for expenditure; and (4) to debate the major issues of the day就会这两个，你看看对吗？
1. The Australian national flag has Southern ___________ on it and the flag of ___________ in its corner. 2. In 1893, _______________ became the first country to give women the vote. 3. The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was _______________. 4. The basic ethnic stock in Ireland is ________. And there are two official languages in Ireland: _____ and ______ 5. The three functions of the system of higher education in the United States are _______, _______ and _______. 6. The three branches of the US government are the __________, the _________ and the __________. 7. The English festival born of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 has been known as ____________ Day. 8. In the world context Australian manufacturing is unique. Its features include the following: ______,_____, and ____. 9. Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, is intentionally known for its ____________. 10. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ___________ by the Sovereign. 11. In 1066, England was conquered by the ________ who were led by ________. 12. The culture of the original people of New Zealand is called ________ 13. In the Republic of Ireland, the government’s responsibility to the Dail is ______________. 14. The sources of English law includes: _________, __________, _______, and European community law. 15. The Renaissance in England began with the accession of the House of _________ to the throne on 1485. 16. There are two official languages in Ireland: _________ and ___________. 17. In 1783, America and Britain signed the ___by which Britain recognized the Independence of the United States. 18. U.S. system of government has two layers of rule. They are the ____government and the ___governments. 19. The gold rushes in Australia took place in _______, during which an armed rebellion called _____ took place. 20. A Constitutional monarch is a country in which the head of the state is a ________ or a queen. In practice, the __________ reigns, but does not rule. 21. The largest river in Ireland is ___ River, playing a very important role in its economy and _____ are the most significant feature of Irish landscape. 22. The UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: ____industries,secondary industries,and _____ industries. 23. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the ________. 24. The British Prime Minister’s official residence is No. 10 _______ Street in London.
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt ?A．£19.15. B．£9.15. C．£9.18. 答案是B.1. How much will the man pay for the tickets?A. ￡7.5. B. ￡15. C. ￡50.2. Which is the right gate for the man's flight?A. Gate 16. B. Gate 22. C. Gate 25.3. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?A. Happy. B. Tired. C. Worried.4. When can the man get the computers?A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday5. What does the man think of the shirt for the party?A. The size is not large enough. B. The material is not good. C. The color is not suitable. 第二节 （共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What can we learn about Mr. Brown?A. He is in his office. B. He is at a meeting. C. He is out for a meeting.7. What will the man probably do next?A. Call back. B. Come again. C. Leave a message.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What kind of room does the man want to take?A. A single room. B. A double room. C. A room for three.9. What does the man need to put in the form?A. Telephone and student card numbers.B. Student card number and address.C. Address and telephone number.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Fellow clerks. B. Boss and secretary.C. Customer and salesperson.11. What does the man like about his job?A. Living close to the office.B. Chances to go abroad.C. Nice people to work with.12. What do we know about the woman?A. She likes traveling.B. She is new to the company.C. She works in public relations.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. When will the visitors come?A. In March. B. In April. C. In May. 14. How many visitors are coming?A. 8. B. 10. C. 12.15 What will the visitors do on the second day?A. Go to a party. B. Visit schools. C. Attend a lecture. 16. Where will the visitors go on the final day?A. To London B. To Scotland C. To the coast.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the first word the baby tried to say?A. Truck. B. Ok. C. Duck. 18. How old was the baby when he learned to say that word correctly?A. About 18 months. B. About 21 months. C. About 24 months.19. What did the father do when the baby screamed that word at the airport?A. He corrected the baby.B. He tried to stop the baby.C. He hid himself somewhere. 20. Why did the mother pretend not to know the baby?A. She got angry with the father.B. She was frightened by the noise.C. She felt uneasy about the noisy baby. 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C .whichever D. whenever 答案是B.2l. The house belongs to my aunt but she______ here any more.A. hasn't lived B. didn't live C. hadn't lived D. doesn't live22. We______the last bus and didn't have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home.A. reached B. lost C. missed D. caught23. See the flags on top of the building? That was______ we did this morning.A. when B. which C. where D. What24. There's no light on - they______ be at home.A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't25.- Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest bank is, please? －______ Oh yes! It's past the office, next to a big market.A. Mm, let me think. B. Oh, I beg your pardon?C. You're welcome. D. What do you mean?26. If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night.A. so B. that C. it D. them27. Mike didn't play football yesterday because he had ______ his leg.A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck28. ______he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although29. The water ______ cool when I joined into the pool for morning exercise.A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels30. - Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? - Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one31. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if ______ yesterday.A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened32. ______ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising33. Please remind me______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.A. where B. when C. how D. what34. - I wonder if I could possibly use your car for tonight? -______. I'm not using it anyhow.A. Sure, go head B. I don't know C. Yes, indeed D. I don't care35. Mary, ______ here - everybody else, stay where you are.A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming第二节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项 On a hot summer day in last August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront cafe on a Greek island. Over a hundred degrees in 36 air. Crowded. Tempers(脾气) of both the tourists and waiters had 37 to meet the situation, making it a rather quarrelsome environment(环境). At the table next to mine sat an attractive, 38 couple, waiting for 39 . They held hands, whispered, kissed, and laughed. Suddenly they stood, picked up their 40 and stepped together 41 the edge of where they were sitting to place the table in the sea water. The man stepped 42 for the two chairs. He politely 43 his lady in the knee-deep water and then sat down himself. All people around laughed and cheered.44 appeared. He paused for just a second, walked into the water to 45 the table and take their 46 , and then walked back to the 47 cheers of the rest of his 48 . Minutes later he returned carrying a bottle of wine and two glasses. Without pausing, he went 49 into the water to 50 the wine. The couple toasted(祝酒) each other, the waiter and the crowd. And the crowd 51 by cheering and throwing flowers to them. Three other tables 52 to have lunch in the water. The place was now filled with laughter. One doesn’t step into water in one’s best summer clothes. Why not? Customers are not served 53 . Why not? Sometimes one should consider 54 the line of convention(常规) and enjoy 55 to the fullest.36. A. fresh B. cool C. still D. thin37. A. managed B. expected C. attempted D. risen38. A. lonely B. curious C. well-dressed D. bad-tempered39. A. cheers B. service C. attention D. flowers40. A. metal table B. empty bottle C. chairs D. bags41. A. on B. off C. around D. along42. A. outside B. forward C. down D. back43. A. led B. seated C. watched D. received44. A. The manager B. A friend C. A waiter D. The servant45. A. set B. wash C. remove D. check46. A. menu B. bill C. food D. order47. A. loud B. anxious C. familiar D. final48. A. tourists B. customers C. fellows D. assistants49. A. at last B. in time C. once more D. as well50. A. change B. drink C. sell D. serve51. A. replied B. insisted C. agreed D. understood52. A. prepared B. joined in C. settled up D. continued53. A. with pleasure B. in the cafe C. int the sea D. with wine54. A. following B. keeping C. limiting D. crossing55. A. life B. wine C. lunch D. time第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Most people think of racing when they see greyhounds (灰狗) and believe they need lots of exercise. They can actually be quite lazy! Greyhounds are good at fast races but not long-distance running. They do need regular exercise but they like to run for a short burst and then get back on the bed or a comfortable seat. Another misunderstanding is that greyhounds must be aggressive(好斗的) because they are big in size. In fact greyhounds love people and are gentle with children. Greyhounds can live for 12 – 14 years but usually only race for two or three years, and after that they make great pets. They don’t need a lot of space, don’t make a lot of noise, and don’t eat a lot for their size. Normally, greyhounds can be as tall as 90 cm. There is, however, a small-sized greyhound, which stands only 33cm. Greyhounds come in a variety of colors. Grey and yellowish-brown are the most common. Others include black, white, blue, red and brown or a mix of these. Greyhounds have smooth body coats, low body fat and are very healthy. Because they’re slim (苗条的) they don’t have the leg problems like other dogs the same height. But they do feel the cold, especially since they would much rather be at home in bed than walking around outside.56. The text is written mainly______.A. to tell people how to raise greyhoundsB. to let people know more about greyhoundsC. to explain why greyhounds are aggressiveD. to describe greyhounds of different colors57. It can be inferred that greyhounds_______.A. love big doghousesB. like staying in bed all dayC. make the best guard dogsD. need some exercise outdoors58. Why does the author say that greyhounds make great pets?A. They are big in size.B. They live a very long life.C. They can run races for some time.D. They are quiet and easy to look after.59. If you keep a pet greyhound, it is important________.A. to keep it slimB. to keep it warmC. to take special care of its legsD. to take it to animal doctors regularlyB Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station(加油站)about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register(收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas. I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend's We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card. I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me. Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful. Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I'd left the lights on all day, and the battery(电池)was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership - a shop selling cars - was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom. "Just how friendly is Friendly Ford?" I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment, so when I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you, and it meant a lot, he said. "Thank you" - two powerful words. They're easy to say and mean so much.60. The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City_________.A. to visit a friendB. to see his parentsC. to pay at the cash registerD. to have more gas for his car61. The words “took off” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean “______”.A. turned offB. moved offC. put upD. set up62. What happened when the author found smoke coming out of his car?A. He had it pulled back to the gas station.B. The couple sent him a business card.C. The couple offered to help him.D. He called his friend for help.63. The battery of the author’s car was dead because_______.A. something went wrong with the lightsB. the meeting lasted a whole dayC. he forgot to turn off the lightsD. he drove too long a distance64. By telling his own experiences, the author tries to show______.A. how to write a thank-you letterB. how to deal with car problemsC. the kind-heartedness of older peopleD. the importance of expressing thanksC A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that most students considered understanding spoken English to be their biggest problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking. Writing increased as a problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they were now expected to hand in. Reading remained as a significant(显著的) problem. The information gained helped us in determining where special attention should be paid in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation(动机), we considered it important to note what seemed to encourage interest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching in their own country. To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation, especially if it has failed in the past. Therefore a different method may help because it is different. Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining(保持) or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.65. What is the text mainly about?A. Foreign students have more problems.B. There are many ways to improve English.C. Teaching should meet students’ needs.D. English learning problems should be studied again.66. Writing became a bigger problem when foreign students________.A. had to write their papersB. became better at speakingC. became less interested in readingD. had fewer problems with listening67. We may infer from the last two paragraphs that ________.A. different teaching methods should be usedB. grammar-based teaching seems to be encouragingC. English courses are necessary for foreign studentsD. teaching content should be changed halfway.D Since my retirement(退休) from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time painting as an artist. I actually began drawing again in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover from the loss of my father, or maybe it was just that it brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes(风景画) much influenced(影响) by Krenkel and St. John for five years. For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but as soon as I walked out of the school door for the last time I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist. I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be the closest to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, showing my paintings at a number of art exhibitions. Art is now together with my piano playing and reading. There is a time for everything in my world, and it is wonderful to have some time doing what I want to do. As Confucious once said, “At seventy I can follow my heart’s desire.”69. What is the text mainly about?A. Learning to paint in later life. B. How to paint watercolorsC. An artist-turned teacher D. Life after retirement70. The author started drawing again in 1995 because_________.A. he hoped to draw a picture of his fatherB. he couldn’t stop missing his fatherC. he had more time after retirementD. he liked animals and landscapes71. We can infer from the text that the author__________.A. had been taught by Krenkel and St. JohnB. painted landscapes in Minnesota for 5 yearsC. believed Wyeth to be the best in watercolorsD. started his retirement life at the age of severty72. How does the author probably feel about his life as an artist?A. Very enjoyable. B. A bit regretful C. Rather busy. D. Fairly dull.EPhillip Island Penguins(企鹅) The Little Penguin has called Phillip Island home for untold generations. Get to Phillip Island in plenty of time to watch s summer sunset at Summerland Beach – the stage is attractively set to see the little Penguin leave water and step onto land. •Leave Melbourne at 5:30 pm for a direct journey to Phillip Island. •See the Gippsland area – Guinness Book of Records place for the world’s longest earthworm(蚯蚓) •Journey along the coastal highway around the Bay with French Island and Churchill Island in the distance •Cross the bridge at San Remo to enter Phillip Island – natural home for Little Penguins and many animals •Take your place in special viewing stands(看台) to watch the daily evening performance of the wild Little PenguinsUltimate Penguins (+U) Join a group of up to 15. This guided tour goes to an attractive, quiet beach to see Little Penguins. You can see penguins at night by wearing a special pair of glasses. Adult(成人) $60.00 Child $30.00Viewing Platform Penguin Plus (+V) More personalized wildlife viewing limited to 130 people providing closer viewing of the penguin arrival than the main viewing stands. Adult $25.00 Child $12.50Penguin Skybox (+S) Join a group of only 5 in the comfort of a special, higher-up viewing tower. Gain an excellent overview of Summerland Beach. Adult 16yrs73. What kind of people is the text mainly written for?A. Scientists. B. Students C. Tourists. D. Artists.74. We can learn from the text that Little Penguins__________.A. have been on Phillip Island for yearsB. keep a Guinness record for their sizeC. are trained to practice diving for visitorsD. live in large groups to protect themselves75. How much would a couple with one child pay for a closer viewing tour?A. $37.50. B. $62.50. C. $180.00. D. $150.00.
应该要自己做的吧！
查地理书再找一个老师翻译
09四月自考英语国家概况试卷及答案习题虽然都有答案，但是都是在自己完全答完题之后对的，在网上是问不到答案的哈不是对着答案抄袭的，那样效果不是很好，多看书
分类: 教育/科学 >> 外语学习 问题描述: 笔试就剩一门英语国家概况了，但是感觉有点难度。请问过了的朋友有没什么决招啊？ 解析: 只要你把那写课后的问题都弄明白了,那就没问题,而且可以说拿高分也是很简单的.
专科应该没有二外的，本科的话需要加二外
可以的，相信自己，你底子好，没关系，其实考这个你等于是自己多学了很多英语知识。课程一般看来书，做了习题是会过的，可能高级英语难点。二外有日语和法语两种选择，要不有时间去相关专业听下课，自己多用功记单词。就是尽量在在校期间考完，工作了就没时间看书了
俗话说，难者不会，会者不难。英语国家概况就是他们本国的历史哇，你投入点应该没问题，何况还有两个月的时间呢。