When it comes to the college entrance examination, people usually have a saying, " after all is fair ". I think not, and said, this is truly a doublespeak. College entrance examination has never justice; justice and happiness, never absolute.From an examination of the identified, could be clearly seen, its purpose is to choose some people, instead of giving all give the so-called fair, objective has already established its injustice, not because it means is disclosed that it is fair, there is no test high school graduates are not eligible for social education resources? For various reasons, failed after suffering the students, their pain is deserved? Besides, originally around the education level is not the same, and the college entrance examination because of each district enrollment allocation number is over, obtain fractional line is not the same, is this fair?But today we come to see, we can not because of starving when getting a steamed bread of happiness, and thought the steamed bread is always our happiness. Just, fair is always relative, happiness is relative, we should review and revise for many years as a "good thing " behind the defect.说到高考，人们通常都有一种说法，说“毕竟是公正的”。回头我想想，跟不上说，这实在是一个欺人之谈。高考从来也没有公正过；公正和幸福一样，从来也没有绝对的。从一个考试的确定，可以清清楚楚地看到，它的目的是为了选择一些人，而不是给所有的全体给予所谓的公正，目的已经确定了它的不公正，不因为它选择所采取的手段是公开的就说它是公正的，难道那些没有考上的高中毕业生就没有资格获得社会的高等教育的资源了吗？因为各种各样的原因，落榜后痛苦的学生们，他们的痛苦是应得的吗？再说，本来各地的教育水平就不一样，而高考因为各地招生人数的人为分配数目不一，各地的考取分数线又不一样，这难道是公平的吗？但今天我们来看，我们不能因为快饿死的时候获得一个馒头的幸福，而以为这个馒头永远是我们的幸福。公正、公平永远是相对的，幸福也是相对的，我们早应该检讨并且修正持续多年的一件“好事情”背后的缺陷了。
参考范文：Arts students employment has its own unique advantages, liberal arts students should learn to use in the job. For example, liberal arts students have good writing is an advantage of employment. Many units have stressed the need to "write", and not only to write documents, but also to be able to write a summary report and other large pieces of paper. Of course, liberal arts students through multi-disciplinary minor enhance their core competitiveness, job market information shows that more and more employers favor of arts and science complex talent.
Trying all efforts to grab all kinds of certificates concerned with their majors or maybe, extremely useful to their majors, has become a very comon phenomenon among the university students. A certificate, allegedly, is a crusial prove to your capability, what's more, it is also a stepping stone when you desire to find a decent job. As far as I am concerned, I think the university students are pursuing thier future, their dream in a absolutely correct way. However, there exists a part of students, who, are below the standard to pass those kinds of exams, risk to take wrongful or illegal way to pass the exam. That is really disgusting and extremely unfair to those who take the exams with their own efforts.
含金量不高。因为自考本科属于第二学历，一些大型公司在招人的时候，主要看的是第一学历。
不付出就不会有收获，一直在观望只能止步于此
一般用人单位对自考本科是有限制的，但是有些单位却不在意这些自考本科的人在职场上一般情况，只要自己的能力足够强，是不会受到歧视的
我觉得自考本科其实并不是假的，自考本科本身目的就是给社会相关人员去提升自我学历，如果不需要，那么可以不用去考。
写作思路：根据题目要求，可以从大学生考证的好处作为主题，描写考证的好处的同时，也要强调“应该考，但不滥考”，正文：
First of all, textual research is necessary. For modern college students, one more certificate in their hands means one more capital to earn a living.
首先，考证是有必要的。对于现代大学生，手中多了一个证书，就意味着自己多了一项谋生的资本。
College students take the initiative to take some qualification certificates, which is an inevitable trend to adapt to social development. Especially under the international financial crisis, only with more skills, more certificates will have more employment opportunities. In the long run, positive research is also a positive measure to deal with job hunting.
大学生主动去考一些资格证书，是一种适应社会发展的必然趋势，尤其是国际金融危机下，只有拥有更多的技能，更多的证书才会拥有更多的就业机会。从长远来看，积极考证，也是应对找工作的积极举措。
Secondly, college students' textual research needs to understand the relationship between textual research and training professional comprehensive ability.
其次，大学生考证更需要明白考证和培养专业动手的综合能力的关系。
When we choose textual research, we should understand, "We should take the exam, but we should not take the exam indiscriminately. There are not many certificates, but useful ones are spiritual. ". Candidates are only for employment, while learning a major well is the foundation of employment. It is more beneficial to employment to spend time and energy on major study.
我们选择考证时要明白，“应该考，但不滥考。证不在多，有用则灵”。考生无非是为了就业，而学好专业就是就业的基础，把时间和精力用在专业学习上，更有利于就业。
Trying all efforts to grab all kinds of certificates concerned with their majors or maybe, extremely useful to their majors, has become a very comon phenomenon among the university students. A certificate, allegedly, is a crusial prove to your capability, what's more, it is also a stepping stone when you desire to find a decent job. As far as I am concerned, I think the university students are pursuing thier future, their dream in a absolutely correct way. However, there exists a part of students, who, are below the standard to pass those kinds of exams, risk to take wrongful or illegal way to pass the exam. That is really disgusting and extremely unfair to those who take the exams with their own efforts.
一、注意审题小作文的审题(即审读材料)很重要,决定着文章的成败.因为一个小作文的材料中,往往隐含了若干个写作要求,如不细心审读,抓不到这些隐含的要求,就很容易出现错误。二、注意语言的简洁这一点体现在两方面.其一,小作文字数一般是100┄300字,受篇幅限制,语言要求简洁明了.其二,如果是写应用文,则语言也一定要简洁,因为语言简洁是应用文写作的最基本要求.三、力求结构完整小作文是片断性作文,而非篇章.虽如此,但不能一味忽略结构的完整性.一篇小作文如果能够做到结构完整,则效果会更好。四、注意表达方式的运用受文体的制约,一篇文章总以某种表达方式为主,同时兼用其他表达方式为主.小作文也应注意这一点.如江西省2002年中考语文小作文题为二选一,(1)通过某一情景或场面,描写你最喜欢的色彩.(2)就你最喜欢的色彩,发表议论.无论选哪一题,或描写、或议论,总得以一种表达方式为主.但如果能兼用其他表达方式,如兼用议论和抒情,表达自己对某种色彩的某中看法和喜爱之情,则能使短文大为增色.
英语二是很多自考本科考生必考科目，作文在这门课程中占非常重要的作用，给大家分享一些英语作文模板和一些优秀范文，考生多记忆一些范文可以帮助考生在考场超常发挥。自考英语二模板汇总一、解决方法题型要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径1．问题现状 2．怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, (说明A的现状)．Second, (举例进一步说明现状)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, (解决方法一). For another （解决方法二). Finally, 解决方法三).Personally, I believe that (我的解决方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because (带来的好处).二、对比选择型作文模板When it comes to ＿＿＿＿ ,different people hold different views . Some contend that＿＿＿＿. For one thing,＿＿＿＿ .For another,＿＿＿ .In spite of all these claims, others maintain that ＿＿＿＿，They point out that＿＿＿＿ .Another instance often cited is that＿＿＿＿ . It’s no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue. As for me, there’s some truth to both arguments .It’s advisable to ＿＿＿＿＿＿.三、对比观点题型（1）要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1．有一些人认为 2．另一些人认为 3．我的看法。。。The topic of （主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of （支持A的理由一）What is more, 理由二). Moreover, (理由三).While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),(理由三).From my point of view, I think （我的观点）. The reason is that (原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice .四、现象解释型作文模板：Recently, ＿＿＿＿What amazes us most is＿＿＿＿＿．It is true that ＿＿＿＿＿. There are many reasons explaining ＿＿＿＿．The main reason is＿＿＿＿＿，What is more, ＿＿＿＿＿，Thirdly, ＿＿＿＿＿．As a result, ＿＿＿＿＿． Considering all these, ＿＿＿．For one thing, ＿＿＿For another, ＿＿＿．In conclusion, ＿＿＿＿自学考试英语优秀作文1、 失败是常有的事。.2、人们对失败有各种不同的态度。3、我对失败的态度。 Is Failure a Bad Thing?Failure is a common thing in our daily life. For example, sometimes we fail to pass the examinations. On other occasions, we are defeated in sport games. And there are times when we fail to do more satisfactory work. So it is safe to say that every one of us must have encountered failure of one kind or another.However, different people have different attitudes towards failure. Some people lose heart when they come across failures. They seem to think that it is the end of the world. Others, on the contrary, dont take failure seriously. They seem to think that failure is first step to success. In my opinion, what really counts is not failure itself, but our attitude towards it. If we are afraid of failure and yield to it easily, we are bound to have one failure after another. But as long as we have confidence in ourselves and learn something from failure, we’ll certainly go from victory to victory. So I’m never afraid of failure, or I firmly believe that “failure is the mother of success.”2、 竞争是当今社会的普遍想象。竞争和合作经常并存。在提倡竞争的同时我们不要忘了合作。Competition and CooperationCompetition is a very common phenomenon in our social life today. We compete when we play games, we try to do better than others in our study and there is constant competition for jobs, fame, wealth and so forth. We can say, to some extent, competition is one of the motive force of the development of society.We often find competition and cooperation occurring at the same time. Think of a basketball game. During the game, one team is competing against the other, but each member of the team must cooperate with his teammates. In most cases, we cant compete without cooperation. Thus they are equally important.While advocating competition, we can’t forget cooperation. In modern society, cooperation is especially important because most work is fulfilled with and through other people. So we must combine competition with cooperation to obtain our goals.3、城市无论大小都应该保持清洁。保持城市清洁不是一件容易的事。为了保持城市的清洁，我们的政府做了大量的工作。Keep Our City CleanA city, whether small or big, should be kept clean. A clean environment will do us much good. Without the clean environment, we can hardly keep fit, work efficiently or live a comfortable life, which will greatly hold back the development of the city. So its of great importance to keep our city clean.Moreover, keeping the city clean is not an easy job. We can clean up the city and keep it clean temporarily, but can we keep it clean for good? This arduous work is in close relation to the economy of the city, the government policy and citizens qualities. It demands permanent efforts and scientific measures and right attitudes. In order to keep the city clean, our government has taken a greatmany steps, which includes proper investment, making plans and regulations, the disposal of rubbish, the forestation, and the layout of gardens and flower beds and lawns. We can expect a clean and beautiful city as long s all of us do what we should under the leadership of the government.4、目前环保还存在着许多问题。为了保护环境，各国政府做了大量的工作。我的看法。Protection of EnvironmentThere are still many problems of environmental protection in recent years. One o the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air, water and soil. The polluted air does great harm to peoples health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. Whats more, vegetation has been greatly reduced with rapid growth of modern cities.To protect the environment, governments of many countries have done a lot. Legislative steps have been introduced to control air pollution, to protect the forest and sea resources and to stop any environmental pollution. Therefore, governments are playing the most important role in the environment protection today.In my opinion, to protect environment, the government must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environment protection through education. Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population. Finally those who destroy the environment intentionally should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves.5、 现代社会广告已经充斥了生活的每个角落；和任何其他事物一样，广告也有两面性；因此，面对广告我们得小心，以免上当受骗。The Effects of AdvertisementAs one of the products of modern society, advertisement has filled almost every corner of the world. We are exposed to them anywhere and anytime. When we listen to the radio or watch TV, the programs are broken up by advertisements that flash on every five or ten minutes. Walking in the street, we find we confronted with endless ad bulletins. Every evening, especially weekend evenings, we find out mailbox full of ad leaflets. With their tremendous power and attractive, advertisements have become a part of our life.Every coin has two sides, so does advertisement. Advertisement exerts both positive and negative effects upon our life. In order to promote trade, business people engage in making their products known to the public in the most attractive ways so that potential customers find it easier to choose what they are to purchase when faced with shelves of goods in the supermarkets. However, advertisements are not always reliable, as some dishonest businessmen exaggerate the functions and qualities of their products. Customers may bemisled and deceived. Such is often the case, and it does harm the interests of the customers.Thus, when confronted with an advertisement, we have to be very cautious so as not to be taken in by appealing words and pictures in it. We should remember that advertisements are good at playing with words. What customers should do is to ask about the product and try it, if possible, before purchasing it.6、How to Succeed in a Job Interview 1.面试在求职过程中的作用；2. 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是。A job interview is indispensable in the process of job hunting. If a job seeker can make the best use of the interview and leave a good impression on the interviewers mind, he may be lucky enough to get the job competed for by many applicants. If, on the other hand, the job hunter gives a poor performance during the interview, he is unlikely to stand a chance to succeed. To be successful in a job interview, the job hunter should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities.First, the applicant ought to attach much importance to his appearance and manner of speaking. Second, he is supposed to display his ability, especially his grasp of professional knowledge required by the position for which he is applying. Finally, a really impressive job seeker must convey a sense of self-confidence in and a practical attitude toward the cause concerned. If the interviewee succeeds in displaying these characteristics and presents his most attractive qualities during an interview, the interviewer might make an on-the-spot decision to take him on.7、 Is It Good for College Students to Have Part-time Jobs（大学生做兼职好吗？） 1、The advantages of having part-time jobs fro college students. （利） 2、The disadvantages of having part-time jobs for college students.（弊） 3、The right attitudes.There are many advantages for college students to take part-time jobs while they are at college. Firstly, part-time jobs will offer us students a chance to demonstrate our ability and to apply what we have learned at college. Secondly, part-time jobs help us become more independent of our families. Thirdly, the experience we gain through part-time jobs may be of great help to our future career. Finally, part-time jobs can broaden our horizon and make our life more meaningful. However, a part-time job has some disadvantages. For example, we may lose time needed for sleep, rest, study, club activities and recreation. For another example, if we take part-time jobs, it is likely for us to be so interested in thework that we cant pay attention to our study. As a result, we may fail in our school study, which will affect our future career too. In my opinion, as a student we should hold the right attitude towards the part-time job, for acquiring knowledge, especially more book knowledge, is our first important task. Although part-time jobs can do us some good in some aspects, we should pay more attention to school study than on it.8、网络时代已经到来。网络影响我们的生活。充分利用网络资源,享受生活。 Internet and our life（网络和我们的生活）We are now living in an internet society. It seems that we are overwhelmed in the internet life. Newspapers are talking that the internet age has come.Everything in our daily life can have relationship with internet: in the morning, we may turn on the computer to check whether we have E-mails from friends of abroad; then we can read some latest news from any websites in the world. To the internet users, there is no borders between nations. People can contact their friends wherever they are, as long as they are connected to the internet. After a days work, you may connect to the internet and do some shopping. Internet makes our lives easy and convenient. So why don’t we turn on the computer and send a birthday card to our father? 作文九： Reading Selectively or Extensively9、有人认为读书要有选择. 有人认为应道博览群书，我的看法How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view. Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. Whats more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldnt read them. Since we cant read all the books, and we shouldnt read bad books, we must read selectively.But others may not agree. They emphasize that todays society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, hell have more chances to succeed. If a man knows in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively. Whos right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields and read selectively in one field.10、关于财富与幸福/健康与财富的作文Wealth brings happinessDirections: In this part, you are to write an essay entitled “The Relationship between Wealth and Happiness”. You can agree or disagree, completely or partially to the above statement. But whatever position you take, you should give sound supporting reasons. At the end of your composition you are required to draw your own conclusion.Wealth has always been what some people long for. It is true that most of them try to acquire wealth by means of honest labor. Their efforts contribute to the welfare of the society and at the same time to the accumulation of their wealth, and hence to their happiness.报考考试有疑问、不知道如何考点内容、不清楚报考考试当地政策，点击底部咨询猎考网，免费获取个人学历提升方案：
一、注意审题小作文的审题(即审读材料)很重要,决定着文章的成败.因为一个小作文的材料中,往往隐含了若干个写作要求,如不细心审读,抓不到这些隐含的要求,就很容易出现错误。二、注意语言的简洁这一点体现在两方面.其一,小作文字数一般是100┄300字,受篇幅限制,语言要求简洁明了.其二,如果是写应用文,则语言也一定要简洁,因为语言简洁是应用文写作的最基本要求.三、力求结构完整小作文是片断性作文,而非篇章.虽如此,但不能一味忽略结构的完整性.一篇小作文如果能够做到结构完整,则效果会更好。四、注意表达方式的运用受文体的制约,一篇文章总以某种表达方式为主,同时兼用其他表达方式为主.小作文也应注意这一点.如江西省2002年中考语文小作文题为二选一,(1)通过某一情景或场面,描写你最喜欢的色彩.(2)就你最喜欢的色彩,发表议论.无论选哪一题,或描写、或议论,总得以一种表达方式为主.但如果能兼用其他表达方式,如兼用议论和抒情,表达自己对某种色彩的某中看法和喜爱之情,则能使短文大为增色.
ce of courage over timidity, of the appetite f
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目录一、论文目录………………………………………………… 1二、论文内容摘要与关键词………………………………… 2三、如何在阅读实践中提高英语阅读能力………………… 3（一） 在扎实的词汇的基础上，掌握良好的阅读技巧………3（二） 培养良好习惯，良好的习惯是成功的一半 ………… 4（三） 掌握语言知识是形成良好阅读能力的重要条件 …… 5（四） 激发学习英语阅读的兴趣…………………………… 5（五） 对学生进行一定的心理教育与指导 ………………… 6（六） 阅读时要注意培养语感……………………………… 6（七） 英语阅读练习要持之以恒 ………………………… 6三、主要参考文献…………………………………………………6如何在阅读实践中提高英语阅读能力 连云港光裕中学 葛老师摘要：阅读能力的提高包括速度的提高和理解力的增强，通过更新教育观念、树立正确的阅读观念、精读与泛读的统一运用、激发阅读兴趣、培养阅读习惯和阅读语感等一系列阅读实践中提高阅读能力。而阅读能力的提高，必须在有扎实的基础的前提下，通过在阅读实践中提高阅读能力关键词；英语阅读能力、方法、阅读实践How to be improved English reading ability in the reading practiceSummary：The reading ability enhancement includes the speed and the comprehension faculty enhancement, through updating education idea, setting up the correct reading idea, the perusal and the general-comprehension reading unification utilization, blazing reading interest, the raise reading custom and the reading language feeling and so on in a series of reading practice sharpens the reading ability. But reads the ability the enhancement, must in have the solid basis under the premise, through sharpens the reading ability in the reading practice.Key word：English reading ability, method, reading practice正文：阅读是一种书面交际形式，既是目的又是手段，"目的"是指获得阅读理解的能力，"手段"是指从阅读入手培养语感，积累语言经验，获得综合运用英语的能力。当今社会，国际交往频繁，科学技术不断发展，知识更新极其迅速，人们常需要用英语阅读书刊、杂志、信函、电传、电报、报告、使用说明书及广告等。并且，计算机网络使人们获取信息和交往的方式和速度发生了根本性的变化，而英语是国际互联网上使用最多的语言。所以，只有具备用英语获取信息的人，尤其是善于阅读的人，才有可能获得更强的可持续发展能力和更多的终身受教育机会。但是由于种种原因制约呢大家的阅读能力，进而影响整个英语水平阅读能力的提高是一个逐步积累的渐进过程，阅读是英语学习的一项基本要求，也是提高英语水平的重要途径，明确阅读能力，改变观念，注重方法。在阅读实践中提高阅读能力：阅读能力的提高包括速度的提高和理解力的增强。这都要通过必要的、大量的练习和专门的训练。考生不但要大量阅读涉及各种学科领域、各种题材的读物，扩大知识面，而且要有意识地读一些附有练习题的文章，并进行限时阅读，以便检查、测试自己的阅读能力。熟悉各种题目类型，从而在提高阅读速度和理解能力的基础上提高应试能力。那么如何在日常实践中提高阅读能力？我们应该注意那些问题呢？首先，在扎实的词汇的基础上，掌握良好的阅读技巧。首先要讲究阅读的效率，而效率体现在阅读的速度和阅读能力两个方面。阅读速度过快会使阅读流于形式，影响我们阅读的最终目的，欲速则不达；阅读速度过慢就不能大量阅读，提高不了阅读能力。一般应以每分钟50—60词较为合适。其次，应培养猜测能力和理解读物的深层含义的能力。有时，文章的语言并非都是一目了然，有的开门见山，直截了当，有的曲折迂回，需要推理。所以，学生应培养自己的猜测能力和深层理解的能力，学会从上下文猜测整个句子的意思，领悟文章的内涵，从而提高阅读理解能力。步骤可以如下：（一） 速读通览全文，搞清中心大意。弄清故事的主要人物（who）;发生的时间（when）和地点（where）；原因(why)及如何解决问题(how)等。（二） 掌握内容主线，首尾加以串联。要先从宏观入手，掌握中心意思，幷注意说明中心意思的主要事实和细节，抓住关键性词语。（三） 了解全文大意，细心推理分析。要细心地加以“由此及彼、由表及里、去伪存真”的推理分析，在全文的大意基础上判断词语的确切含义。（四） 吃透作者意图，归纳中心大意。（五） 培养良好习惯。排除口腔发音动作，通过视觉直接接受文字信号，一目十行，以意群或词组尾单位，注意力集中于关键词、主题句等。其次 培养良好习惯，良好的习惯是成功的一半：帮助学生养成良好的阅读习惯是培养阅读能力的重要任务，一些学者发现，要使学生养成良好的阅读习惯，就应该要求学生掌握领读习惯，划读习惯，摘读习惯，询读习惯，注读习惯，比读习惯和议读习惯。要培养学生这八方面的良好习惯，只能从学生年龄特征出发，根据阅读教学的具体情况，有的放矢地逐渐培养；只有注意阅读中的一点一滴，持之以恒，“聚沙成塔，集腋成裘”，才能最终使学生养成良好的阅阅读习惯。阅读时要去掉杂念，心绪安定，精神专一，要形成一种惬意的心理，造成大脑皮层的优势兴奋中心。像阅读中文小说一样，遇到生词难句是在所难免的，切不可心烦意乱，失去自控能力，而要从容不迫，泰然处之，这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，理解深刻。掌握正确的阅读方法提高阅读能力包括提高阅读速度和理解力两个方面。许多考生在阅读外语时速度很慢，这是由于一些不良的阅读习惯所致。例如： 一见到生词就要停下来查字典，不会联系上下文猜测词义。用手指或笔尖指着文章逐词阅读。 在心中默读或小声地逐词朗读。需要把每句话在心中或口头译成汉语才能理解句子的意思，不会用外语思维，直接理解句子的意义。以上几种不正确的阅读习惯不但影响阅读的速度，而且影响对文章大意和主旨的正确理解。 提高阅读能力，还必须掌握正确的阅读方法和有效的阅读技能。一般说来，考生应根据不同的目的，采用不同的阅读方法。下面介绍三种基本阅读方法。1.快速浏览，也叫略读 (Skimming) 略读就是快读。目的是通过草草通读和浏览全文的方法，了解文章的大意和主旨，对文章的内容有个总的概念和印象。具体地说，就是略去细节部分，不要花时间琢磨难句和生词，重点阅读开头段、结尾段以及每段的首句和结尾句。这些部分往往概括了文章的写作意图和主题思想以及结论。多数情况下，每段的首句或结尾句就是该段的主题句。如果文章有题目或小标题，首先就要通过读题目或小标题思考一下，从中可以猜到本文所涉及的主要内容。2.快速寻读，也叫查读 (Scanning) 寻读或查读的目的是要有目标地去找出文章中某些特定的信息或回答阅读理解题所需要的事实或依据。因此，查读时，也要以很快的速度扫视文章，注意与答题内容有关的词句；与内容无关或关系不大的部分则可一带而过。3.细读 (Reading for Full Understanding) 在含有所需信息的段落或句子中要找到准确的内容，不但需要进一步重点细读有关的词语 和句子，理解其表层意义，还需要对句子进行分析、归纳、推理，从而了解句子的真正内涵，做出符合逻辑的判断，回答较为复杂的问题。在细读中遇到不熟悉的词语，可通过联系上下文，根据有关常识、背景知识以及利用构词规则来猜测词义。如果遇到难以理解的或结构复杂的长句，可借助语法知识，通过分析句子的结构，搞清主谓关系、指代关系以及修饰与被修饰关系等，从而达到更为深刻准确的理解。第三，掌握语言知识是形成良好阅读能力的重要条件。 （一）要求学生掌握基本的英语知识1.突破英语词汇关。词汇是构成语言的基本元素，英语词汇非常丰富，单词量大，包括大量的短评和科普词汇。要让学生在中学阶段掌握过多的词汇是不切实际的，但英语中最常用的动词，名词，形容词及一些常见的结构词（指介词，连词等）必须训练掌握；还要掌握一些构词法，如词缀，合成，转化等。此外，词义反映了一定的客观世界和社会实践，它们还随着社会文化，民族习惯，语言环境等因素发生一定的变化。2.突破语法关。语法是词汇构成语言的规则。掌握英语语法，并能把自己的英语语法 知识熟练地应用到英语阅读实践中去，这是提高阅读理解能力必须具备的基本功。英语语法核心主要指句子的基本结构，词类的用法，动词的形式，时态和语态等。社会发展到今天，英语语法也发生了某些变化，特别是句子结构的变化，这些变化在阅读中经常碰到。第四、激发学习英语阅读的兴趣兴趣就是动力。正如心理学家皮来杰所说：“兴趣是能量的调节者，它的加入便产生了储存内心的力量。”中国两千多年前的教育家孔子曾说过：“知之者不如好知者，好之者不如乐之者。”这里的“好”与“乐”实际上就是指学习兴趣。由此可见，教师在培养学生的阅读能力过程中应当选择一些饶有趣味的英文读物，由浅入深，由易到难，逐渐地让学生在阅读过程中体验到快乐的情绪，真正地让他们认识到阅读并非空洞乏味的活动，而是一种既可增加知识，又能令人愉快的活动。真正做到“为学所乐”，自觉地克服阅读过程中产生的一些不良的心理因素，从而以旺盛的精力，饱满的热情，进取的精神投入到阅读活动中去。第五，对学生进行一定的心理教育与指导智力因素和非智力因素相互作用，相互影响着阅读能力的形成与发展。如果教师只注重传授英语知识，不注意培养学生阅读心理，阅读习惯等，容易使学生在阅读时产生急躁，焦虑，恐惧，恼怒等负情感体验，它们将在一定程度上影响阅读的效果，从而对培养学生阅读能力产生干扰作用。如果这些负情感体验持久地存在于学生的阅读过程中，势必将影响阅读能力的形成与发展。因此，教师对学生进行一定的心理教育与指导是完全必要的。主要通过以下两方面途径：第六，阅读时要注意培养语感。所谓语感，是指人们对语言中词语搭配及句型结构的熟练程度。语感好的人，理解力就强，视读的速度就快。阅读时要留心词语的搭配，即惯用法，必要时可做点标记。读多了，语感自然会好起来。读完一篇文章后，要再回味一下中心思想、人物事件、论点论据等，做到心中有数。对不清楚的地方可以再回看几次。要留心关键词句，注意弦外之音。在细读文章时，可以边读边用笔把有关的人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等划出来，例如，凡逢人物就圈起来，看完一数，有几个圈就是几个人，一目了然。冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。”在培养英语阅读能力的过程中，我们应该认识到它的形成是一个渐进的复杂过程，我们的主要任务是使学通过大量以理解为中心的阅读训练（如读后笔答，选择，判断，填充等），培养学生的阅读兴趣与习惯，阅读技巧与能力，以此推动学生的概括与抽象，分析与综合，推理与判断的思维能力的发展。只有真正认识到阅读的实质所在并采取相应的对策，不断实践，勇于探索，才有希望使学生的阅读速度，阅读水平和综合理解能力有较大的提高。 主要参考书目：1．袁秉政 〈〈分析如何提高英语阅读能力考研辅导〉〉2. 肖建芳 “影响英语阅读效率的因素及对策”，载《中小学英语教学与研究》1998年第3期3. 汪榕培 “词义变化的社会和语言原因”，载,<<外语与外语教学>>1997年第3期4. 刘善良 〈〈顶尖英语强化训练哈尔滨出版社〉〉2001年7月5. 朱 纯 〈〈外语教学心理〉〉上海外语教育出版社1994年6. 〈〈全日制义务教育高级中学课程标准〉〉2001年7月7. 朱葡初 〈〈初中英语课堂教学研究湖南大学出版社〉〉2000年
万能模板一 It has been a hot topic for a long time whether______(某事物/问题).Some people take it for granted that______(一种观点).However,other reckon that______(另一种观点). Those people who hold the former opinion believe______(观点一的理由一).In addition,_____(观点一的理由二). However,there are still others who advocate the latter opinion because they hold______(观点二的理由一).And,_____(观点二的理由二).What’s more,______(观点二的理由三).So______(总结观点二). As for me,my favor goes to______(两种观点选其一).For one thing,______(个人看法依据一).For another,______(个人看法的依据二).But______(提出某事物/问题需要改进的地方).And I hope(提出自己的希望). 万能模板二 With the development of______,______(提出问题).Some people think that______(观点一).In their opinion,______(观点一的理由一).For instance,______(举例说明). However,others hold that______(观点二),They maintain that_______(观点二的理由一).To their minds,______(观点二的理由二). As far as I see it,what really matters is______(提出个人看法),______(进一步说明看法).When it comes to______(某事物),I think_____(提出个人看法).In a word,______(总结自己的观点). 万能模板三 Nowadays/At present _____(概述现象).The Phenomenon has become a heated topic among the people around us/The phenomenon has brought into focus./_____(某现象),which has arouse great concern______(阐述现象表现). There are many factors that many reasons accounting for this phenomenon./The reasons(factors)that contribute to______(该现象)are varied.First of all/To start with,_____(原因一).In addition/Furthermore/What is more/Moreover,______(原因二).Finally,______(原因三).On the whole,_____(总结原因). As far as I am concerned,I am inclined to_____(我的做法/我的看法)______(总结观点).自考/成考有疑问、不知道如何总结自考/成考考点内容、不清楚自考/成考报名当地政策，点击底部咨询官网，免费领取复习资料：