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自考问答 > 自考本科 > 升学自考英语笔记怎么写

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卷毛先生老杨

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3. Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic made early sailors unwilling to sail far out into it. make sb. unwilling to do sth. 意为“使得某人不愿做某事”。例如:His indifference to work made everybody unwilling to cooperate with him.(他对工作的冷漠态度使得所有的人都不愿与他合作。) 主语+动词+宾语+补语(SVOC)的句型在课本第二单元的语法中已有较详细的论述。请翻译下面的句子: 1)His behavior at the dinner party made the host annoyed.(他在晚宴上的行为使主人很恼火。) 2)That film made him famous.(那部影片使他出了名。) 3)他刚才的一番话使玛丽很伤心。(What he said just now made Mary very sad.) 4)老师对他作文的评价令他失望。(The teacher's comment on his composition made him disappointed.) 5)What he had done made his friends hesitant to accept the invitation. (他的所为使得他的朋友们对接受邀请犹豫不决。) 6)他的挥霍浪费使得他的父母不愿意再给他钱。 (His unthriftiness made his parents unwilling to give him any more money.) 4. One idea was that it reached out to “the edge of the world”。 Another idea was that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot. 这两个都是表语从句和主句中的系动词连用的句子。结构为:主语+系动词+表语从句。请看下面的例句:My idea is that we contact him as soon as possible.(我的想法是我们应该尽快跟他联系。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) My suggestion is that we should put off the meeting.(我的建议是我们应该把会议延期。) 2) One advantage of solar energy is that it will never be used up.(太阳能的一个优点是用之不竭。) 3) 问题是你不在时谁照管孩子。(The problem is who will take care of the children while you are away.) 4) 看起来天要下雨。(It looks that it is going to rain.) 请注意辨析another 和other: another由 an+other构成,只和单数可数名词连用。other可用于所有名词前。another+单数名词表示不定的“另一个”,the other+单数可数名词表示特指的“另一个”。 请看下面的例句: 1) This idea is not very practical, will you think of another one?(这个主意不太实际,你能另想一个吗?) 2) This book is too difficult. Show me another one.(这本书太难了,给我看另外一本。) 3) Of the three books in my bag, two are published in China, the other is published in the United States. (我包里的三本书中,两本是中国出版的,另一本是美国出版的。) 4) Tom is here, but where are the other boys?(汤姆在这儿,其他的男孩在哪儿呢?) 5) I like this coat better than the other one.(两件上衣中,我更喜欢这一件。) 6) This camera is more expensive than the other one.(这架照相机比另一架贵。) boiling hot意思是“滚热的,酷热的”。此处的boiling不是形容词而是副词,表示热的程度,修饰hot. 5. Sailors were afraid that they might sail right off the earth. 此句中,that引导的名词性从句作形容词的补足语。例如: 1) I am afraid that I can not finish the article in two hours.(我担心我两小时内写不完这篇文章。) 2) He was afraid that he couldn't give you a definite answer.(他担心他不能给你一个明确的答复。) 3) I am afraid that I have made a mistake.(我担心自己犯了一个错误。) 4) We are confident that we can overcome all the difficulties.(我们相信自己能克服所有的困难。) 对“be + 形容词 + that引起的从句”这类结构,语法家们有的认为that从句做宾语用,有的认为that从句做状语用。根据句子的逻辑意义来判断也许比较方便一些。如:I'm sorry that you failed the exam again. 这个句子中的that从句起状语作用,相当于“…because you failed the exam again.” 6. The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific,… 在第一单元中我们讨论过副词的同等比较。本句中as big as 则是形容词的同等比较。在这类句子中,可以有表示程度的状语。例如: 1) This book is not half as interesting as that one.(这本书还不如那本书一半有趣。) 2) My monthly income is only half as much as his.(我的月收入只有他的一半多。) 3) This year our university will enroll three times as many students as it did the year before last. (我们学校今年的招生人数将是前年的三倍。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 我的英语口语还不及你的一半流利。(My spoken English is not half as fluent as yours.) 2) 这只手提箱还没有那只手提箱一半重。(This suitcase is not half as heavy as that one.) 3) 这个房间是那个房间的两倍。(This room is twice as large as that one.) 7. But suppose no more rain fell into it and no more water was brought to it by rivers. suppose 常常做动词用,意思是“假定;猜想;认为”。例如: 1) Let's suppose it to be true.(让我们假定这是真的。) 2) I suppose he is very nervous.(我猜想他很紧张。) 3) I supposed him to be an honest man, but he often tells lies.(我以为他很诚实,他却经常说谎。) 在本句中suppose(也可以用supposing)是一个连词,意思是“假设(= if);假使…结果会怎么样”。例如: 1) Suppose he is ill, what shall we do?(假如他病了,我们怎么办?) 2) Suppose a tiger should come out of the cage?(如果一只老虎从笼子中跑出来怎么办?) 3) Suppose something should go wrong?(如果出了什么问题会怎么样?) 8. It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up. it takes (sb.) some time to do sth. 是很常用的一个句型。例如: 1) 我骑自行车到学校要花半小时。(It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.) 2) 他花了两个星期时间才看完那本书。(It took him two weeks to finish reading that book.) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) It took the boy three hours to finish his homework.(那个男孩花了3小时才写完作业。) 2) It takes less than 4 hours to get to Shanghai by train from Nanjing.(从南京乘火车到上海只要不到4小时。) 3) 他花了4天时间才走出密林。(It took him 4 days to go out of the forest.) 4) 照顾一个生病的老人要花许多时间。(It will take a great deal of time to look after a sick old man. 9. On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep, but in places it is much deeper. on the average在句子中的意思是“平均而言”。例如: 1) On the average, they drove 70 miles an hour.(他们平均每小时行驶70英里。) 2) On the average, they spend 20 yuan on food every day.(他们平均每天花20块钱吃饭。) a little 在句子中修饰more,表示程度,意思是“一点儿,稍许”。much在句子中修饰deeper,也表示程度,加强形容词比较级,意思是“…多”。例如: 1) I feel a little cold.(我觉得有点冷。) 2) He spent a little more than 20 yuan yesterday.(昨天他花了20块多一点儿。) 3) I feel much better now.(我现在感觉好多了。) 4) She is much more careful this time.(她这一次细心多了。) 请翻译下面的句子: 1) 干了一天的工作,我觉得有点累。(I feel a little tired after a day's work.) 2) 她对她的同学有点不友好。(She is a little unfriendly to her classmates.) 3) 听了那个消息他开心多了。(He was much happier after hearing that news.) 10. This “deep” measures 30,246 feet——almost 6 miles (9.6km)。 本句中的deep做名词用,意思是“深处”,“海渊”(水深超过3000英里)。 measure 在句子中做动词用,意思是“测量”,“有…深”。例如: 1) This room measures 10 metres across.(这个房间宽10米。) 2) The bridge measures 17 kilometres long.(这座桥长17公里。) 3) The water tank only measures 2 metres deep.(这只水箱只有2米深。)

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郁敏0729

11. random adj. 胡乱的,任意的,随意的n. 无目的或目标 The way the books were arranged seemed completely random.(图书排列的方式似乎很随意。) This is just a random selection of all the complaints we have received about our after service. (我们只是对所收到的有关售后服务方面的投诉随意地选择了一下。) He opened the books at random.(他胡乱地打开了书。) When his wife was away, he piled the soiled dishes in the kitchen at random. (他妻子外出时,他把脏碟子乱七八糟地堆在厨房里。) 12. categorize v. 分类 category n. 种类;范畴;部门 If you categorize the information you need to remember, you will find it much easier. (如果你把所需记忆的信息分类,你就会觉得记忆起来要容易得多。) They categorized 200 songs as folk songs.(他们把两百首歌归为民歌类歌曲。) These books fall into the category of reference books.(这些书属参考书类。) His research does not belong to the category of natural science.(他的研究不属于自然科学范畴。) 13. following adj. 接着的,下述的prep. 在…之后 the following 如下 He promised the old man that he would come and see him again the following day.(他答应老人第二天再来看他。) After the meeting the following teachers will stay.(会后,以下的老师请留下。) The following examples will prove my point.(下面的例子将证实我的观点。) Following the discussion a decision was made.(讨论之后便做出了决定。) Following the concert he went home.(音乐会后,他就回了家。) The following are worthy of your attention.(以下几点值得你们注意。) The winners of the competition are the following: …(竞赛获胜者如下:…) 14. needless adj. 不需要的,不必要的 Needless to say, I don't think much of the proposal he put forward at the meeting. (不用说,我觉得他在会上提的建议不怎么样。) You don't have to take such a needless risk.(你不用去冒这种不必要的险。) Don't you think it is a waste of time to give him so much needless are? (你不觉得给他这么多不必要的关心是浪费时间吗?) 15. refer v. ( to ) 提到,涉及;参考,查阅;把…归到…上;使向…请教;有关联 reference n. 参考;提及;关联 The whole thing is finished now, please don't refer to it.(整个事情都结束了,不要再提了。) He often refers to a dictionary for the spelling and meaning of a word. (他常常翻词典查阅词的拼写和意思。) He referred to her former classmates for her character.(他向她以前的同学询问她的品行。) He referred his defeat to poor health.(他把自己的失败归因于身体不好。) She referred me to Prof. Wang for detailed information.(他叫我去王教授那儿询问详情。) The doctor referred her to a heart specialist.(医生嘱咐她转诊于一位心脏病专家。) These answers are for reference only.(这些答案仅供参考。) His play is full of references to the political events of those days.(他的剧本涉及当时的许多政治事件。) 16. relate v. ( to ) 有关联;叙述,讲述 related adj. 有关的,相关的 relation n. 关系,联系 He related the story vividly to the whole class.(他向全班同学生动地讲述了那个故事。) I don't understand how the result related to / with the cause.(我不理解结果和原因如何关联。) If you want me to do this, you have to give me all the related material. (如果你想让我做这件事,你得把所有相关的材料给我。) Don't worry too much about them, they have very good relations.(别太为他们担心,他们的关系很好。) The two countries have established trade relations.(两国建立了贸易关系。) 17. accurately adv. 准确地,精确地 accurate adj. 准确的,精确的 accuracy n. 准确,精确 Remember that you have to do this work carefully and accurately.(记住,这项工作得做得细心而准确。) Right now I cannot give you a very accurate estimate.(现在我不能给你一个非常准确的估计。) He required that the typing should be done with great accuracy.(他要求打字必须十分准确。) 18. memorize v. 熟记,记住 Our English teacher asked us to memorize the words we learned today. (我们英语老师要求我们熟记今天所学的英语单词。) It is no easy thing for me to memorize all these telephone numbers. (熟记这些电话号码对我来说真不是一件容易的事情。) 19. repeat v. 重复 repetition n. 重复 I didn't quite catch what you said just now. Will you please repeat it? (我没有听清你刚才说的话,请你重复一遍,好吗?) We cannot repeat our mistakes.(我们不能重复自己的错误。) Repetition is necessary in language teaching and learning.(重复在语言教学中是必要的。) He memorized his lines after many repetitions.(经过多次重复他终于熟记了台词。) 20. preserve v. 保护,维持;保存 You will soon be near-sighted if you don't preserve your eyesight from now. (如果你不从现在起保护视力,你很快会近视的。) What do you think the United Nations can do in preserving world peace? (你觉得联合国能为维护世界和平做些什么?) Deep freezing is the simplest way of preserving food.(深冻是保藏食品最简便的方法。) 词缀法 1. 名词后缀 -ation; tion; sion organization,visualization,information,preservation,integration, relation,association,repetition,separation,addition 2. 动词后缀 -ize organize,memorize,visualize,categorize,familiarize 3. 名词后缀 -ence reference,difference 4. 名词后缀 -ity similarity,familairity 本课简介 本课介绍了在如何增强记忆方面心理学所做的研究。信息的意义,组织,联想和想像是有助于记忆的几个基本原则。如何运用这些基本原则呢?课文对此一一作了介绍,条理十分清楚。学了本课,相信会有收获。 本课语言点 1. Psychological research has focused on a number of basic principles that helps memory. research 在本句中做名词,这个词也可以做动词用。请看下面的例句,注意research的词类和用法: 1) An excellent piece of research won him the international prize. (一项出色的研究使他获得了国际大奖。) 2) Research shows that the potential of man's brain is limitless.(研究表明人脑的潜力是无限的。) 3) Much research has been done on / into diseases of blood.(在血液病方面人们做了很多的研究。) 4) Scientists have been researching on / into the causes of brain damage. (科学家们一直对脑损伤的起因进行研究。) 5) They felt very much disappointed as they had been researching for three years but with no result. (做了三年的研究而没有任何结果,他们感到很失望。)

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