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自考国际商务英语重点词汇归纳

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自考国际商务英语重点词汇归纳

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自考国际商务英语重点词汇归纳

备考BEC必背商务英语词汇

BEC,指的是剑桥商务英语资格考试;剑桥系列考试中专为学习者提供的国际商务英语资格证书考试,考察真实工作环境中英语交流能力。下面是我整理的商务英语词汇,希望能帮到大家!

petty cash n. 零用现金

phase out n. 分阶段停止使用

pick v. 提取生产用零部件或给顾客发货 picking list n. 用于择取生产或运输订货的表格 pie chart n. 饼形图 pilot n. 小规模试验 pipeline n. 管道,渠道

plant capacity n. 生产规模,生产能力 plot v. 标绘,策划

plough back n. 将获利进行再投资 point of sale (POS) n. 销售点 policy n. 政策,规定, 保险单

portfolio n. (投资)组合 portfolio management n. 组合证券管理 post n. 邮件,邮局;职位 position n. 职位

potential n. 潜在力,潜势 power n. 能力

purchasing power 购买力

PR=Public Relations 公共关系

preference shares n. 优先股 price n. 价格

market price 市场价,市价 retail price 零售价

probation n. 试用期 product n. 产品

production cycle n. 生产周期 production schedule n. 生产计划 product life cycle n. 产品生命周期

product mix n.产品组合(种类和数量的组合) productive adj. 生产的,多产的 profile n. 简介形象特征 profit n. 利润 operating profit n. 营业利润 profit and loss account n. 损益账户 project v. 预测 promote v . 推销 promotion n. 提升,升级 proposal n. 建议,计划 prospect n. 预期,展望

prospectus n. 计划书,说明书 prosperity n. 繁荣,兴隆 prototype n. 原型,样品 publicity n. 引起公众注意 public adj. 公众的,公开的 go public 上市

public sector 公有企业 publicity n. 公开场合,名声,宣传 publics n.公众,(有共同兴趣的)人或社会人士punctual adj. 准时的 punctuality n. 准时

purchase v. & n. 购买

purchaser n. 买主,采购人 QC(=Quality Circle) n. 质检人员 qualify v. 有资格,胜任

qualified adj. 有资格的,胜任的,合格的 qualification n. 资格,资格证明 quality n. 质量

quality assurance n. 质量保证 quality control 质量控制,质量管理

quarterly adj./adv. 季度的,按季度 questionnaire n. 调查表,问卷 quote n. 报价,股票牌价 quotation n. 报价,股票牌价

R&D Research and Development 研究与开发 radically adv. 根本地,彻底地

raise n.(美)增薪v.增加,提高;提出,引起 range n. 系列产品 rank n./v. 排名 rapport n. 密切的关系,轻松愉快的气氛 rate n. 比率,费用 fixed rate 固定费用,固定汇率 going rate 现行利率,现行汇率 rating 评定结果 ratio n. 比率 rationalize v. 使更有效,使更合理 raw adj. 原料状态的,未加工的

raw material n. 原材料 receive v. 得到 receipt n. 收据 receiver n. 接管人,清算人 accounts receivable 应收帐

receivership n. 破产管理 recession n. 萧条 reckon v. 估算,认为

recognize v. 承认 reconcile v. 使……相吻合,核对,调和 recoup v. 扣除,赔偿 recover v. 重新获得,恢复

recovery n. 重获,恢复 recruit v. 招聘,征募 n. 新招收的人员 recruitment n. 新成员的吸收 red n. 红色 in the red 赤字,负债

reduce v. 减少 reduction n. 减少 redundant adj. 过多的,被解雇的 redundancy n. 裁员,解雇 reference n. 参考,参考资料

reference number (Ref. No.) 产品的参考号码 refund n./v. 归还,偿还 region n. 地区

reimburse v. 偿还,报销

reject n./v. 拒绝 reliability n. 可靠性

relief n. 减轻,解除,救济 relocate v. 调动,重新安置 remuneration n. 酬报,酬金 rent v. 租 n. 租金

rep (代表)的缩写 report to v. 低于(某人),隶属,从属 reposition v. (为商品)重新定位 represent v. 代表,代理 representative n. 代理人,代表 reputation n. 名声,声望

reputable adj. 名声/名誉好的 reserves n. 储量金,准备金 resign v. 放弃,辞去 resignation n. 辞职 resistance n. 阻力,抵触情绪 respond v. 回答,答复 response n. 回答,答复 restore v. 恢复

result/results n. 结果,效果 retail n./v. 零售 retailer n. 零售商 retained earnings n. 留存收益 retire v. 退休 retirement n. 退休

return n. 投资报酬

return on investment (ROI) n. 投资收入, 投资报酬 revenue n. 岁入,税收 review v./n. 检查 reward n./v. 报答,报酬,奖赏 rework v. (因劣质而)重作 risk capital n. 风险资本 rival n. 竞争者,对手 adj.竞争的 rocket v. 急速上升,直线上升,飞升 ROI Return on Investment 投资利润 roughly adv. 粗略地 round adj. 整数表示的,大约 round trip 往返的`行程

royalty n. 特许权,专利权税 run v. 管理,经营 running adj. 运转的 sack v. 解雇 sales force 销售人员 sample n. 样品v. 试验;抽样检验 saturation n. (市场的)饱和(状态) saturate v. 饱和 save v. 节省,储蓄 savings n. 存款

scale n. 刻度,层次 scapegoat n. 替罪羊

scare adj. 缺乏的,不足的 scrap n. 废料或废品 seasonal adj. 季节性的

section n. 部门 sector n. 部门 securities n. 债券及有价证券 segment n. 部分v. 将市场划分成不同的部分 segmentation n. 将市场划分成不同的部门 semi-skilled adj. 半熟练的 settle v. 解决,决定 settlement n. 解决,清偿,支付 service n. 服务,帮佣 services n. 专业服务 settle v. 安排,支付 set up v. 创立 share n. 股份

shareholder n. 股东

shelf-life n. 货架期(商品可以陈列在货架上的时间

shift n. 轮班

showroom n. 陈列室

simulation n. 模拟 shop n. 商店

closed shop 限制行业(只允许本工会会员)open shop 开放行业(非会员可从事的工作)shop steward 工会管事 shop floor 生产场所

shortlist n.供最后选择的候选人名单v. 把……列入最后的候选人名单 sick leave 病假

sick note 病假条 sick pay 病假工资

skilled employee n. 熟练工人

skimming n. 高额定价,撇奶油式定价

slogan n. 销售口号 slump n. 暴跌

a slump in sales 销售暴跌 soft-sell n.劝诱销售(术),软销售(手段) software n. 软件

sole adj. 仅有的,单独的

sole distributor 独家分销商 solvent adj. 有偿付能力的 sourcing n. 得到供货 spare part n. 零部件 specification n. 产品说明 split v. 分离

spokesman n. 发言人

sponsor n. 赞助者(为了商品的广告宣传) spread n. (股票买价和卖价的)差额 stable adj. 稳定的 staff n. 职员

stag n. 投机认股者v. 炒买炒卖 stagnant adj. 停滞的,萧条的 statute n. 成文法 statutory adj. 法定的 steadily adv. 稳定地,平稳地 stock n. 库存,股票 stock exchange n. 证券交易所

stockbroker n. 股票经纪人 stock controller 库房管理者 storage n. 贮藏,库存量

strategy n. 战略 streamline v. 精简机构,提高效率 stress n. 压力,紧迫 strike n. 罢工 structure n. 结构,设备

subcontract v. 分包(工程项目),转包 subordinate n. 下级adj.下级的 subscribe v. 认购 subsidiary n. 子公司

subsidize v. 补贴,资助 subsidy n. 补助金

substantially adv. 大量地,大幅度地 summarize v. 概括,总结 superior n. 上级,长官 supervisor n. 监督人,管理人 supervisory adj. 监督的,管理的 supply n./v. 供给,提供 survey n 调查

国际商务英语短语词组

“商务英语”是商务和英语的结合,英语的语言水平是基本的要求。为了帮助大家,我整理了商务英语短语词组,希望能帮到大家!

商务英语词汇【1】

1. a change of pace 节奏变换

You can’t do these chemistry experiments all day long. You certainly need a change of pace.

2. a far cry from 相距甚远

The published book is far cry from the early manuscript.

3. and how 的确

A: She’s a good dancer.

B: and how.

4. a matter of time 时间问题

It is only a matter of time.

5. a phone call away 一个电话之远,愿意过来帮忙

If you need my help. do let me know. Just remember I am a phone call away.

6. a while back 不久以前

We had a good rain a while back,but we need more now.

7. all along 一直

I knew it all along.

8. anything but 绝对不

I was anything but happy about going.

9. account for 解释

How do you account for it?

10. after all 到底

A: I’ve just seen the X-rays and your teeth look just fine.

B: I see. Then there is nothing to worry about after all.

商务英语词汇【2】

1. allergic to 对……过敏

Oh man! Something in this room is making my eyes itch, I must be allergic to something.

2. at sb’s service 愿为某人服务

I am at your service at any time.

3. around the clock 24小时不停

Martha studied around the clock for management exam.

4. as far as I know 就我所知

As far as I know, we will have a test next Monday.

5. at home with 对…..很熟悉

She is at home with problems like this.

6. back out

1) 退出

A: Wasn’t Bert supposed to sing tonight?

B: Yes. but he backed out at last minute

2) 不履行

She finally backed out of her promise.

7. be cut out for 天生适合

I’m not cut out to be a hero.

8. be absorbed in 沉浸在……

She has been absorbed in a horror fiction. I can’t tear her away.

9. be addicted to 对……上瘾

She has been addicted to drugs for years.

10. be attached to 对……有感情

A: I’m amazed that you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought you would have gotten rid of it years ago.

B: It runs well and I’ve actually been quite attached to it.

商务英语词汇【3】

1. back up

1) 累积

The subway is running behind schedule. and traffic is backed up for blocks. I don’t know if we’ll make the 6:30 show.

2) 支持

I’ll back it up.

2. be bound for 到……地方

The bus is bound for New England.

3. be (feel) myself 找到自我

I’m feeling myself again.

4. be burned up 生气

She was really burned up at the news.

5. be hard up for 缺少

I’m hard up for clothes, but I have a lot of books.

6. be head and shoulders above 好许多

In calculus. Joe is head and shoulders above his classmates.

7. be in the dark 蒙在鼓里

A: Do you have any idea what his notice is about?

B: I’m as in the dark as you are.

8. be stuck 卡住了

I can’t get this window open. It’s stuck.

9. bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂

A: I hear you’re taking an advanced physics course this semester.

B: I think I’ve bitten off more than I can chew.

10. break new ground 有了新的突破

His architectural design broke new ground in the field.

商务英语词汇【4】

1. benefit concert 慈善音乐会

We need to let everyone know about the benefit concert, but we don’t have much money for advertising.

2. busy signal 占线

I’ve been calling David for the past half hour, but I keep getting a busy signal.

3.between you and me 你我之间,保密

Between you and me, I think he’s rather disloyal.

4. call for

A.打电话找

Tom just called for you.

B.预报

The forecast calls for heavy rain again tonight. Aren’t you glad we’ll be getting away from this for a week?

C.问

It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions.

5. call it a day 就此结束

A: I’m really glad our club decides to raise money for the children’s hospital and most of the people we’ve phoned seemed happy to contribute.

B: Yeah. I agree. Now we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list now, so I guess we can call it a day.

6. cash the check 兑现支票

Have your sister cashed her paycheck?

7. clear off 收拾,整理

It’s about time we clear off the desk.

8. come down (雨,雪)下起来

The heavy rain is coming down. now.

9. come in first 比赛第一名

He came in first in the 100-metre dash.

商务英语词汇【5】

1. get on one’s nerve 招惹某人神经了

A: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.

B: She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerve sometimes.

2. get started on 开始做

We should get started on the project.

3. get time off from work 从工作中抽时间

Oh. so she was able to get time off from the work.

4. give credibility to 相信

A: did you hear about Jim?

B: I wouldn’t give that rumor any credibility.

5. go easy on 温和对待

Well. since it’s your first and only ticket. the judge will probably go easy on you.

6. go in one ear and out the other 一耳朵进,一耳朵出

Well. you know Mike. everything’s in one ear and out the other.

7. go jogging 去跑步

Are you ready to go jogging?

8. go to one’s head 某人自负

A: Have you noticed how John’s changed since he became student government president?

B: I think the whole thing has gone to his head. and he used to be so sociable and open.

9. got the time 几点了

A: Got the time?

B: It’s a little after ten.

商务英语词汇【6】

1. graduation announcements 毕业典礼请柬

Have you ordered your graduation announcements?

2. graon about 抱怨

How come Michael’s always groaning about something?

3. guest lecturer 客座教授

The only person who understood the guest lecturer was the professor.

4. hand-me-down 送的东西

A: What a gorgeous jacket. It must have cost a fortune.

B: Not at all. It’s a hand-me-down.

5. hand down 易如反掌

Lee won the chess match hands down.

6. have a way with 擅长

Bonnie really has a way with words.

7. have had it with 处于

I’ve had it with being sick in bed. I’ve read most of these magazines twice.

8. head and shoulders above 高出许多

In computer programming. Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.

9. hit the spots 特别好

This lemonade sure hits the spots.

10. hold the grudge 记仇

A: I wish I hadn’t hurt Mary’s feelings like that. You know I never meant to.

B: The great thing about Mary is that she doesn’t hold the grudge.

商务英语词汇【7】

1. I have seen worse 我见过更糟的'

I have never seen a worse case of mouth disease.

2. in advance 提前

It’s a really nice apartment. But the owners want two-month rent in advance and I just don ’t have it.

3. in case 万一

Let’s take our suits along in case the sun comes out.

4. in next to no time 马上

A: Are you going to be using the copying machine long?

B: I’ll be through in next to no time.

5. in the red 赤字

Jack often runs his father’s company in the red.

6. in the works 正在准备阶段

An advanced course in theoretical chemistry is the works.

7. keep to oneself 只有自己知道

But one tried to put a good face on it and keep them to oneself.

8. kill time 浪费时间

Gosh. what can we do to kill the next 10 hours?

9. leave…up to somebody 把……留给某人

We’ll have to leave the decision up to him.

商务英语词汇【8】

1. letter of recommendation 推荐信

I think I deserve a letter of recommendation.

2. look on the bright sides of things 看事物的光明面

Don’t be worried, you should always look on the bright side of things.

3. no kidding 不是开玩笑吧

No kidding! He was only getting at you.

4. on the tip of one’s tongue 就在舌尖

A: Are you sure you can’t remember the name of that record?

B: It’s just on the tip of my tongue!

5. quitting time 下课时间

I’m glad it’s almost quitting time.

6. take it over 重修

Don failed physics and had to take it over.

7. than necessary 比应该的要冷

The lab was cooler than necessary.

8. That’s easer said than done. 说来容易做来难

We talk about reducing our costs, but it’s easier said than done.

9. There is nothing to it. 没什么,很容易

I can run this projector. There’s really nothing to it.

10. with flying colors 成功

A: How did Ellen do on her American History exam?

B: She passed with flying colors.

11. You can bet your life 当然

A: Will Prof. Smith come to class on time?

B: You can bet your life.

自考国际商务英语词汇表归纳

商务必备英语词汇

从英语培训的目的来看,既有考试培训,又有能力培训,商务英语界乎两者之间,是以适应职场生活的语言要求为目的,内容涉及到商务活动的方方面面。下面是我分享的跟商务有关的英语词汇,希望能对大家有所帮助!

Barriers to entry 进入壁垒

能够阻碍进入市场、导致竞争减弱或者行业内厂商数量减少的那些因素。例如法律规定、管制和产品差异等。

Barter 易货贸易

商品直接交换,而不需要使用任何物品充当货币或交易媒介。

Benefit principle(of taxation)(税收的)受益原则

认为税收与人们从政府活动中的受益应当成比例的原则。

Bond 债券

由政府或企业发行的有息证券,保证在未来特定日期还本付息。

Break-even point(in macroeconomics)(宏观经济学中的)收支相抵点

个人、家庭或社会团体的一种收入境况或收入水平。在该境况,所有的收人正好被用来消费(既没有正储蓄也没有负储蓄)。只有在更高的收入水平上才会有正储蓄。

Bretton woods System 布雷顿森林体系

见可调整钉住(adjustable peg)。

Broad money 广义货币

货币供给的一种形式或口径(也称M2),包括交易货币(M1)、银行储蓄帐户,还有其他类似交易货币的替代性资产。

Budget 预算

计划支出与预期收入的帐户,通常以一年为期。对政府而言,其收入应为税收。

Budget,balanced 平衡预算

总支出和总收入(不包括借款收入)正好持平的预算。

Budget constraint预算约束

见预算线(budget line)。

Budget deficit 预算赤字

政府总支出超出总收入(不包括借款收入)的部分。这一差额(赤字)通常靠借款弥补。

Budget, government 政府预算

政府在特定时期(通常为一年)中所计划的支出和收入的报告书。

Budget line 预算线

在既定价格水平下,消费者用给定的收人可能购买的各种商品组合点的轨迹。有时称预算约束(budget constraint)。

Budget surplus 预算盈余

政府收人超过支出的部分;与预算赤字(budget deficit)相对应。

Equilibrium,competitive 竞争均衡

见竟争均衡(competitive equilibrium)。

Equilibrium, general 一般均衡

见一般均衡分析(general-equilibrium analysis)

Equilibrium, macroeconomic 宏观经济均衡

意愿总需求等于意愿总供给的GDP水平。在均衡时,意愿的消费(C),政府支出(G),投资(I)和净出口(X)的总量正好等于在当前价格水平下企业所愿意出售的总量。

Equimarginal principle 等边际法则

决定收入在不同消费品之间分配的法则。消费者可按此法则选择消费组合,使花费在所有商品和服务上的每一美元的边际效用都相等,就能保证消费者所获得的效用最大化。

Exchange rate 汇率

见外汇汇率(foreign exchange rate)

Exchange-rate system 汇率制度

国家之间进行支付时所依据的一组规则、安排和制度。历史上最重要的汇率制度是金本位制、布雷顿森林体系和现在的浮动汇率制。

Excise tax VS. sales tax 消费税和销售税

消费税是对某种或某组商品,如酒和烟草的购买所课征的税。销售税是对除少数特定商品(如食品)以外的所有商品所课征的税。

Exclusion principle 排他原则

私人品区别于公共品的一种性质。当生产者将一种商品卖给A后,若能很容易地将B、C、D等人排除在该商品益处享用过程之外,则排他原则就在发生作用,该商品也因此是一项私人品。若不能轻易地把其他人排除在分享过程之外,如公共卫生或国防,则我们称该商品具有公共品的特征。

Exogenous VS. induced variables 外生变量和引致变量

外生变量是那些由经济体系以外的因素来决定的变量。与外生变量相对应的是引致变量,后者是由经济体系的内在运行所决定的。例如,天气变化是外生变量,而消费的变化则常常由收入变动所引致。

Expectations 预期

对于不确定因素(如未来利率、价格或税率)的看法或意见。如果预期没有系统性错误(或偏差)并应用了所有可能获得的信息,则称为理性的(rational)预期。如果人们根据过去的行为来形成他们的预期,则这种预期称为是适应性的(adaptive)。

Expenditure multiplier 支出乘数

参见乘数(multiplier)。

Exports 出口

在本国生产而卖给别国的商品或服务。包括商品(如汽车)、服务(如运输)和贷款及投资的利息。进口正好是一种反方向的流动--商品和服务从别国流入本国。

External diseconomies 外部不经济

指生产或消费给其他人造成损失而其他人却不能得到补偿的'情况。例如,钢铁厂排放的烟雾及含硫气体损害当地人的财产和健康,但受害者并不能得到补偿。污染是一种外部不经济。

External economies 外部经济

指生产和消费能给其他人带来收益而其他人却不必进行支付的情况。一个企业雇用了安全保卫,使得小偷不敢在附近社区活动,这就为居民提供了外部的安全服务。外部经济与外部不经济通常被统称为"外部性"(externalities)。

External variables 外部变量

同外生变量(exogenous variables)。

Externalities 外部性

对他人产生有利的或不利的影响,但不需要他人对此支付报酬或进行补偿的活动。当私人成本或收益不等于社会成本或收益时,就会产生外部性。外部性的两种主要的类型是外部经济和外部不经济。

Factors of production 生产要素

生产性投入,如劳动、土地和资本。生产商品和服务所需的资源,也称"投入"(inputs)。

Fallacy of composition 合成谬误

一种认识错误,认为对个体成立的情形,对于群组或整个系统也同样成立。

Federal Reserve System 联邦储备系统

美国的中央银行(central bank)。

Final goods 最终产品

旨在最终使用而非转卖或进一步加工的商品。(参见"中间产品",intermediate goods)

Financial economics 金融经济学

经济学的一个分支。分析理性投资者如何通过最有效的方式使用资金和进行投资以期达到目标。

Financial intermediary 金融中介

接受储蓄存款并将其出借给借款者的机构。包括存款机构(如商业银行和储蓄银行)和非存款机构(如货币市场共同基金、经纪人商行、保险公司或养老基金)。

Firm(business firm)厂商

(企业)经济体系中基本的私人生产单位。它雇用劳动,购买其他投入品,以制造和销售商品。

Fiscal-monetary mix 财政-货币政策组合

用以干预宏观经济活动的财政政策和货币政策的组合。紧缩的货币政策和宽松的财政政策,倾向于鼓励消费和抑制投资。而宽松的货币政策和紧缩的财政政策,则具有相反的功效。

Fiscal policy 财政政策

一种政府计划。内容包括:(1)商品和服务的购买及转移支付等支出;(2)税收的数量和种类。

Fiscal cost 固定成本

见固定成本(cost,fixed)。

Fixed exchange rate 固定汇率

见外汇汇率(foreign exchange rate)。

Flexible exchange rates 弹性汇率制

一种国际汇率制度。在该制度条件下,汇率主要由市场力量(即供给和需求)决定,政府不设定及维持某种特定的汇率。有时也称作"浮动汇率制"(floating exchange rates)。当政府对外汇市场不加干预时,该制度称为纯粹的浮动汇率制。

Floating exchange rates 浮动汇率制

见弹性汇率制(flexible exchange rates)。

Flow VS. stock 流量与存量

流量是指,带有时间跨度或曰在一个时段上所累积变动的量(好比通过一个河段的水流)。存量则指,在某一个时点上某一变量的量值(如同湖中所盛的水)。收人代表每一年的美元流入数,因此是一个流量。而到1998年12月为止某人的财富则是一个存量。

Foreign exchange 外汇

各国用以偿付对他国所欠债务的通货(或其他金融票据)。

Foreign exchange market 外汇市场

不同国家的通货进行交易的市场。

Foreign exchange rate 外汇汇率

一国通货与他国通货的交换比率或曰价格。例如,如果你可以用1美元购买19德国马克,那么马克的汇率就是19。如果一国通货钉住某一汇率水平,并准备随时捍卫这一汇率,则称该国实行的是固定汇率制(fixed exchange rate)。而由市场供求力量来决定的汇率称为弹性汇率制(flexible exchange rates)。

Four firm concentration rate 四企业集中度

见集中度(concentration ratio)。

Fractional-reserve banking 部分准备金

银行制度现代银行体系的一种管制形式。依法要求有关金融机构将其所吸收的存款的一定比例,以中央银行存款(或库存现金)的形式留作准备金。

Free goods 免费品

不属于经济品(economic goods)的物品。如空气或海水,它们大量存在于全世界,无需在需求者中间进行配给。因此,这些物品的市场价格为零。

Free trade 自由贸易

政府不采用关税、配额或其他形式来干预国际贸易的政策。

Frictional unemployment 磨擦性失业

由个别市场变化所引起的暂时性失业。例如,无经验的工人需要花费时间比较和选择不同的工作机会;甚至有经验的工人往往也需花费少量时间进行工作转换。磨擦性失业有别于周期性失业(cyclical unemployment),后者是在工资和价格呈粘性的条件下,由于总需求水平的低下而造成的。

Full employment 充分就业

一个有多重含义的术语。历史上曾被用于描述不存在(或仅存在最少量)非自愿失业情况下的就业水平。今天,经济学家用最低可持续失业率[lowest sustainable rate of unemployment(LSUR)]概念来描述可以长期持续的最高的就业水平。

Fiat money 法定货币

没有内在价值(intrinsic value),但被政府法定为有效的货币,如当今的纸币。只有在公众相信它会被接受时,法定货币才会生效。

Built-in stabilizers 内在稳定器

见自动稳定器(automatic stabilizers)。

Business cycles 商业周期

国民总产出、总收人和总就业的波动。这种波动以经济中的许多成分普遍而同期地扩张和收缩为特征,持续时间通常为2到10年。现代宏观经济学中,商业周期发生在实际GDP相对于潜在GDP上升(扩张)或下降(收缩或衰退)的时候。

C+I,C+I+G,or C+I+G+X schedule C+I,C+I+G,或C+I+G+X表

说明对应GDP水平的每一计划的或合意的总需求水平的表,或由该表所生成的图形。表中包括消费(C)、投资(I)、政府商品劳务支出(G)、以及净出口(X)。

Capital(capital goods, capital equipment)资本(资本商品,资本设备)

(1)在经济理论中,指的是生产投入三要素(土地、劳动、资本)中的任意一种。资本由用于生产过程中的耐用品构成。(2)在财务会计方面,"资本"代表公司股东已经认购的资金总量,股东因此相应地获得了该公司的股份。

Capital consumption allowance 资本消耗补偿

见折旧(depreciation)。

Mixed economy 混合经济

非共产主义国家中经济组织的主要形式。混合经济主要依靠其经济组织中的价格体系,同时也采用多种形式的政府干预(如税收、支出和管制)来应付宏观经济的不稳定和市场不灵等情况。

Model 模型

一种正式的分析框架,通过少数关键性变量的关系来揭示一个复杂系统的基本特征。模型可采取几何图形、数学方程组和计算机程序等多种形式。

Moderate inflation 温和的通货膨胀

见通货膨胀(inflation)。

Momentary run 瞬期

非常短的一段时间,在这段时间里,生产是固定不变的。

Monetarism 货币主义

一个经济学流派,认为货币供应的变化是宏观经济波动的主要原因。就短期来说,货币主义认为,货币供应变动是决定实际产出和价格水平变动的主要因素。就长期来说,它认为价格倾向于与货币供应成比例地运动。货币主义者经常认定,最好的宏观经济政策是保持货币供应稳定增长的政策。

Monetary base 货币基础

由公众持有的政府的净货币性负债。在美国,货币基础等于通货加上银行准备金。有时称高能货币(highpowered money)。

Monetary economy 货币经济

一种经济,其贸易经由一种能被共同接受的交易媒介而进行。

Monetary policy 货币政策

中央银行实施控制货币、利率、信贷条件的目标和手段。货币政策的主要工具包括:公开市场业务、准备金比率和贴现率。

Monetary rule 货币规则

货币规则是货币主义经济学最重要的教条。它宣称最好的货币政策是将货币供应的增长率固定在一个水平上,不论经济景气与否,都应维持不变。

Monetary transmission mechanism 货币传导机制

在宏观经济学中,货币供应变动转化为产出、就业、价格和通货膨胀的变动的途径。

Monetary union 货币联盟

若干国家采用同一种通用货币作为会计单位和交换媒介的一种制度安排。欧洲货币联盟计划1999年采用欧元作为通用货币。

Money 货币

支付手段或交换媒介。关于货币的构成,请参见货币供应(money supply)。

Money demand schedule 货币需求表

体现的是货币持有需求和利率水平之间的对应关系。当利率上升时,债券和其他有价证券的吸引力增大,货币的需求量会降低。见货币需求(demand for money)。

Money funds 货币资金

灵活性很强的短期金融工具的简称,其利率是不固定的。主要形式包括货币市场互助基金和商业银行货币市场活期存款帐户。

Money market 货币市场

金融术语,指一套处理短期信贷工具(如国库券和商业票据)买卖活动的制度安排。

Money supply 货币供应

狭义的货币供应(M1)包括铸币、纸币、所有的活期存款或支票存款,称为狭义货币或交易货币。广义的货币供应(M2)包括M1的所有项目,再加上某些灵活性资产或若干准货币(near-money),如储蓄存款、货币市场基金和其他类似项目。

Money-supply effect 货币供给效应

名义货币供应量不变时,价格上升与相应的货币紧缩、总支出下降这二者之间的关系。

Money-supply multiplier 货币供给乘数

货币供给(或存款)增长与银行准备金增长的比率。一般说来,货币供给乘数等于法定准备金比率的倒数。例如,法定准备金比率是0.125,那么货币供给乘数就是8。

Money, velocity of 货币周转率

见货币周转率(velocity of money)。

Monopolistic competition 垄断竞争

一种市场结构,其中有许多卖者,他们所提供的产品接近、但不可以完全替代。在这样的市场上,每一厂商对其产品的价格都能施加一定的影响。

Capital deepening 资本深化

在经济增长理论中,指的是资本与劳动的比率的上升。与资本广化(capital widening)对应。

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Gains from trade 贸易利得

自愿贸易所增加的福利总额。等于消费者剩余与生产者剩余之和。

Galloping inflation 急剧的通货膨胀

见通货膨胀(inflation)。

Game theory 博弈论

关于至少存在部分利益冲突的两个或多个决策者所处情况的分析。除用于罢工等讨价还价的情况,以及比赛和战争等冲突的情况之外,还可以用于寡头垄断市场互动的分析。

General-equilibrium analysis 一般均衡分析

经济整体均衡状态的分析,此时所有的商品和服务市场都同时处于均衡。相应的局部均衡分析(partial-equilibrium analysis),仅研究单个市场的均衡。

GDP deflator GDP紧缩指数

GDP的"价格"。该价格指数用于衡量GDP各组成部分相对于基年的平均价格。

GDP gap GDP缺口

潜在GDP与实际GDP的差额或缺口。

GNP 国民生产总值

见国民生产总值(gross national product)

Gold standard 金本位制

指这样一种制度:一国(1)宣布其货币单位与一定重量的黄金等价;(2)持有黄金储备,并根据所宣布的价格自由买卖黄金;(3)对黄金的进出口不加任何限制。

Government debt 政府债务

以债券和短期借款形式存在的政府债务总额。除由准政府机构(如中央银行)持有的债券以外,政府债务一般由公众持有。

Government expenditure multiplier 政府支出增量

政府采购等支出每增加一美元所引起的GDP的增量。

Graduated income tax 累进所得税

见个人所得税(income tax,personal)。

Gresham`s Law 格雷欣法则

由托马斯•格雷欣爵士(Sir Thomas Gresham,英国伊莉莎白女王一世的顾问)首次提出,他在1558年发表的"劣币驱逐良币"这一见解认为:当公众对货币供给的某一部分怀有疑虑时,他们会将"良币"(good money)窖藏起来,并试图将"劣币"(bad money)转让给他人。

Gross domestic product, nominal(or nominal GDP)名义国内生产总值(或名义GDP)

按当前市场价格计算的一国一年内所生产的全部最终产出的价值。

Gross domestic product, real 实际国内生产总值(实际GDP)

考虑通货膨胀因素并加以扣除的GDP,也即,实际GDP一名义GDP除以GDP紧缩指数。

Gross national product, nominal 名义国民生产总值(或名义GNP)

根据当前市场价格计算的一国利用其要素所生产的全部最终产品和服务的价值。

Gross national product, real 实际国民生产总值(实际GNP)

考虑到通货膨胀因素并加以扣除的GNP,也即,实际GNP一名义GNP除以GNP紧缩指数。

Growth accounting 增长核算

估计不同要素对经济增长的贡献程度的分析技术。借助边际生产率理论,增长核算将产出增长的源泉分解为劳动、土地、资本、教育、技术知识和其他多种因素。

Hedging 套期保值

借助对冲交易回避风险的投资技术。例如,若某农场所种的小麦在秋季收获,则农场主可以在春季或夏季先行出售与产出等量的小麦,从而抵消价格波动的风险。或曰,实现套期保值。

High-powered money 高能货币

见基础货币(monetary base)。

Horizontal equity VS. vertical equity 横向平等与纵向平等

横向平等指的是:对境况类似的人给予平等或公平的待遇,强调的是基本情况相同的人应得到相同的待遇。纵向平等指的是:对境况不同的人应给予平等的待遇。

Final goods 最终产品

旨在最终使用而非转卖或进一步加工的商品。(参见"中间产品",intermediate goods)

Financial economics 金融经济学

经济学的一个分支。分析理性投资者如何通过最有效的方式使用资金和进行投资以期达到目标。

Financial intermediary 金融中介

接受储蓄存款并将其出借给借款者的机构。包括存款机构(如商业银行和储蓄银行)和非存款机构(如货币市场共同基金、经纪人商行、保险公司或养老基金)。

Firm(business firm)厂商

(企业)经济体系中基本的私人生产单位。它雇用劳动,购买其他投入品,以制造和销售商品。

Fiscal-monetary mix 财政-货币政策组合

用以干预宏观经济活动的财政政策和货币政策的组合。紧缩的货币政策和宽松的财政政策,倾向于鼓励消费和抑制投资。而宽松的货币政策和紧缩的财政政策,则具有相反的功效。

Fiscal policy 财政政策

一种政府计划。内容包括:(1)商品和服务的购买及转移支付等支出;(2)税收的数量和种类。

Fiscal cost 固定成本

见固定成本(cost,fixed)。

Fixed exchange rate 固定汇率

见外汇汇率(foreign exchange rate)。

Flexible exchange rates 弹性汇率制

一种国际汇率制度。在该制度条件下,汇率主要由市场力量(即供给和需求)决定,政府不设定及维持某种特定的汇率。有时也称作"浮动汇率制"(floating exchange rates)。当政府对外汇市场不加干预时,该制度称为纯粹的浮动汇率制。

Floating exchange rates 浮动汇率制

见弹性汇率制(flexible exchange rates)。

Flow VS. stock 流量与存量

流量是指,带有时间跨度或曰在一个时段上所累积变动的.量(好比通过一个河段的水流)。存量则指,在某一个时点上某一变量的量值(如同湖中所盛的水)。收人代表每一年的美元流入数,因此是一个流量。而到1998年12月为止某人的财富则是一个存量。

Foreign exchange 外汇

各国用以偿付对他国所欠债务的通货(或其他金融票据)。

Foreign exchange market 外汇市场

不同国家的通货进行交易的市场。

Foreign exchange rate 外汇汇率

一国通货与他国通货的交换比率或曰价格。例如,如果你可以用1美元购买19德国马克,那么马克的汇率就是19。如果一国通货钉住某一汇率水平,并准备随时捍卫这一汇率,则称该国实行的是固定汇率制(fixed exchange rate)。而由市场供求力量来决定的汇率称为弹性汇率制(flexible exchange rates)。

Four firm concentration rate 四企业集中度

见集中度(concentration ratio)。

Fractional-reserve banking 部分准备金

银行制度现代银行体系的一种管制形式。依法要求有关金融机构将其所吸收的存款的一定比例,以中央银行存款(或库存现金)的形式留作准备金。

Free goods 免费品

不属于经济品(economic goods)的物品。如空气或海水,它们大量存在于全世界,无需在需求者中间进行配给。因此,这些物品的市场价格为零。

Free trade 自由贸易

政府不采用关税、配额或其他形式来干预国际贸易的政策。

Frictional unemployment 磨擦性失业

由个别市场变化所引起的暂时性失业。例如,无经验的工人需要花费时间比较和选择不同的工作机会;甚至有经验的工人往往也需花费少量时间进行工作转换。磨擦性失业有别于周期性失业(cyclical unemployment),后者是在工资和价格呈粘性的条件下,由于总需求水平的低下而造成的。

Full employment 充分就业

一个有多重含义的术语。历史上曾被用于描述不存在(或仅存在最少量)非自愿失业情况下的就业水平。今天,经济学家用最低可持续失业率[lowest sustainable rate of unemployment(LSUR)]概念来描述可以长期持续的最高的就业水平。

经贸英语实用版a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统Account 帐户Accounting equation 会计等式Accounting system 会计系统All Risks 一切险American Accounting Association 美国会计协会American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会Articulation 勾稽关系Assets 资产Audit 审计bad account 坏帐Balance sheet 资产负债表bear market 熊市blank endorsed 空白背书Bookkeepking 簿记bull market 牛市Business entity 企业个体Capital stock 股本cargo receipt 承运货物收据Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测catalogue 商品目录Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行close-ended fund 封闭式基金commission 佣金consignee 收货人Corporation 公司Cost accounting 成本会计cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费Cost principle 成本原则Creditor 债权人cut a melon 分红dead account 呆帐Deflation 通货紧缩delivery 交货Disclosure 批露dividend,bonus stock 股息,红利downturn 低迷时期endorsed 背书enforce stockholding system 实行股份制Expenses 费用export department 出口部External users 外部使用者F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险face value 面值fees-for-tax reFORM 费改税Financial accounting 财务会计Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会Financial activities 筹资活动Financial forecast 财务预测Financial statement 财务报表foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备futures market 期货市场Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息genetically-modified products 基因改良产品Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室Hook Damage 钩损险import department 进口部Income statement 损益表income tax 所得税indicative price 参考价格Inflation 通货膨涨Inquiry 询盘Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会Integrity 整合性Internal auditing 内部审计Internal control structure 内部控制结构Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署Internal users 内部使用者Investing activities 投资活动knowledge-based economy 知识经济labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济Liabilities 负债(M0)money in circulation 流通中的现金(M1) narrow money 狭义货币(M2) broad money 广义货币Management accounting 管理会计marine bills of lading 海运提单national bonds 国债nationalize;nationalization 国有化Negative cash flow 负现金流量non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款non-work income 非劳动收入notify 被通知人open-ended fund 开放式基金Operating activities 经营活动order 订货outstanding of deposits 存款余额Owner's equity 所有者权益partial shipment 分批装运Partnership 合伙企业Positive cash flow 正现金流量press conference 记者招待会price list 价目表privatize;privatization 私有化proactive fiscal measures 积极的财政政策promote independent decision-making by state-owned enterprises 提高企业自主权public relations department公关部publicly owned economy 公有经济recession 衰退时期rectify the market order 整顿市场秩序reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持restraint of trade 贸易管制Retained earning 留存利润Return of investment 投资回报Return on investment 投资报酬Revenue 收入Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险Risk of Leakage 渗漏险Risk of odor 串味险Risk of Rust 锈蚀险sales terms and conditions销售条件Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会shareholding system; joint-stock system 股份制shipping order 托运单Shortage Risk 短缺险Sole proprietorship 独资企业Solvency 清偿能力specification 规格Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设state stock reduction 国有股减持Statement of cash flow 现金流量表Statement of financial position 财务状况表steady monetary policies 稳健的货币政策Stockholders 股东Stockholders' equity 股东权益streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用Strikes Risk 罢工险T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险Tax accounting 税务会计technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数the first majority shareholder 第一大股东the Hang Seng index 恒生指数thin trade 交易薄弱to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股to expand domestic demand 扩大内需value-added tax 增值税W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险War Risk 战争险Window dressing 门面粉饰year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的 股息,红利 dividend or bonus stock国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP产值 output value鼓励 give incentive to投入 input宏观控制 exercise macro-control优化经济结构 optimize the economic structure输入活力 bring vigor into改善经济环境 improve economic environment整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation非公有成分 non-public sectors主要成分 dominant sector实在的 tangible全体会议 plenary session解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley举措 move实事求是 seek truth from facts引进、输入 importation和平演变 peaceful evolution试一下 have a go (at sth.)精华、精粹、实质 quintessence家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system搞活企业 invigorate enterprises商品经济 commodity economy基石 cornerstone零售 retail发电量 electric energy production有色金属 nonferrous metals人均收入 per capita income使负担 be saddled with营业发达的公司 going concerns被兼并或挤掉 annexed or forced out of business善于接受的 receptive增额、增值、增长 increment发展过快 excessive growth抽样调查 data from the sample survey扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)实际增长率 actual growth rate国际收支 international balance of payments流通制度 circulation system总工资 total wages分配形式 FORMs of distribution风险资金 risk funds管理不善 poor management一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points各尽所能,按劳/需分配。from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.经济结构改革。reFORM in economic structure剩余劳动力。surplus labor经营机制operative mechanism发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market经济和law的杠杆economic and legal leverages经济计划和市场调节相结合to combine economic planning with market regulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation取消国家对农产品的统购统销to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products改革重点转移到城市the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities国家的根本任务是,集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization.逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化,把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制,即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.国有经济,即社会主义全民所有制经济,是国民经济中的主导力量。The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people;it is the leading force in the national economy.国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy.农业 farming林业 forestry畜牧业 animal husbandry副业 sideline production渔业 fishing第一产业 primary industry第二产业 secondary industry第三产业 tertiary industry生产资料 means of production生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence生产关系 relations of production生产力 productive forces公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership厉行节约,反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise合资企业 joint venture合作企业 cooperative enterprise独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization中国人民银行 People's Bank of China信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission贷款无力偿还 loan defaults一、对外贸易与外贸关系Foreign Trade & Foreign Trade Relationship(一) They mainly trade with Japanese firms.他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。For the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company.在过去的五年中,我们与贵国进行了大量的贸易。Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。There has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you.和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。Our foreign trade is continuously expanding.我们的对外贸易不断发展。Trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%.皮革贸易上升(下降)了百分之三。Trade in general is improving.贸易情况正在好转。Our company mainly trades in arts and crafts.我们公司主要经营手工艺品。They are well-known in trade circles.他们在贸易界很有名望。We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。To respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of China's foreign policy.尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。Our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。Words and Phrasesforeign trade 对外贸易overseas trade 海外贸易international trade 国际贸易to trade with 和...进行贸易to do business in a moderate way 做生意稳重to do business in a sincere way 做生意诚恳to make a deal 做一笔交易deal 交易,经营,处理,与...交往to deal in 经营,做生意to explore the possibilities of 探讨...的可能性trade circles 贸易界to handle 经营某商品to trade in 经营某商品business scope/frame 经营范围trading firm/house 贸易行,商行(二)Can we do a barter trade?咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢?Is it still a direct barter trade?这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗?If you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, we'll give you paper in exchange for your timber.如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议,我们将用纸与你们交换木材。Shall we sign a triangle trade agreement?我们订一个三角贸易协议好吗?A triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us.我们三方可进行三角贸易。Compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan.补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。We may agree to do processing trade with you.我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。If you're interested in leasing trade, please let us know.如果你们有意做租赁贸易,请告诉我们。We wonder whether you do counter trade.我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。Words and Phrasestrade by commodities 商品贸易visible trade 有形贸易invisible trade 无形贸易barter trade 易货贸易bilateral trade 双边贸易triangle trade 三角贸易multilateral trade 多边贸易counter trade 对销贸易;抵偿贸易counter purchase 互购贸易buy-back 回购贸易compensation trade 补偿贸易processing trade 来料加工贸易assembling trade 来料装配贸易leasing trade 租赁贸易in exchange for 用...交换...trade agreement 贸易协议(三)We want to develop direct contact with Continental buyers for ourselves.我们想为自己的公司同欧洲大陆的买主建立起直接的联系。We see that your firm specializes in Light Industrial Goods, and we are willing to establish business relationship with you.得知贵公司专门经营轻工业品,我们愿意与贵公司建立业务关系。We are one of the largest importers of Electric Goods in this city, and we wish to establish business relationship with you.我们是此地最大的电器进口商之一,愿意与你们建立业务关系。We are willing to enter into business relationship with your company on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我们愿在平等互利的基础上与贵公司建立业务关系。Our two countries have had trade relations for ten years.我们两国之间已经有了10年的贸易关系。We've never had any difficulties with our Chinese partners,and we'd like to make as many new contacts as we can.和中国同行共事从来没有什么困难,希望今后我们之间尽可能多地建立新的关系。We have made a very good start in our business with Japan.我们和日本在业务上有了良好的开端。Our company is thinking of expanding its business relationship with China.我公司想扩大与中国的贸易关系。As is known, we set great store by the trade relationship with the third world countries.众所周知,我们十分重视同第三世界国家的贸易关系。We look forward to reactivating our business relationship.我们盼望我们的业务关系重新活跃起来。We shall welcome a chance to renew our friendly relationship.很高兴能有机会来恢复我们的友好关系。We'll try our best to widen our business relationship with you.我们将尽力扩大同你们的贸易关系。We're writing you in order to establish business relationship.我们写此信是为了与你方建立业务关系。The arrangement will contribute to cement our pleasant relationship.此项安排将有助于巩固我们良好的关系。We're willing to restore our business relationship.我们希望能恢复贸易关系。It will be advantageous if steps are taken to resume our business relationship on the basis of mutual benefit.如果我们采取措施在互利的基础上恢复业务关系,对我们都是有利的。The depressed market results in the stagnation of trade.市场萧条导致贸易停滞。We have been doing quite well in our business, we are willing to open an account with you.我们的生意一直做得不错,希望能与你们建立帐户往来关系。Words and Phrasesbusiness association 业务联系,交往business connection 业务联系close relationship 密切的关系closer ties 更密切的关系to establish(enter into, set up)business relationship 建立业务关系to continue business relationship 继续业务关系to present business relationship 保持业务关系to improve business relationship 改善业务关系to promote business relationship 促进业务关系to speed up business relationship 加快业务关系的发展to enlarge (widen) business relationship 扩大业务关系to restore (resume) business relationship 恢复业务关系to interrupt business relationship 中断业务关系to cement business relationship 巩固业务关系(四)When could you introduce me to your sister company?什么时候把贵公司的兄弟公司介绍给我们?Would you please introduce us to some of the most reliable exporters of Chinese handicrafts?请向我们推荐一些最可靠的中国手工艺品出口商,可以吗?If you are interested in dealing, with us in other products of our company, please inform us of your requirements as well as your banker's name and address.如果你们有意经营我公司其他产品,请告知你方要求及往来银行的名称和地址。Because of the rapid development of our business in Asia, we think it's necessary to open a branch at the following address.鉴于我们在亚洲地区业务的迅速发展,有必要在下列地点设立分公司。We've often expressed our interest in investing in China.我们一直对在中国投资很感兴趣。Our abundant resources and stable policy provide foreigners with the advantages they invest here.我们丰富的资源和稳定的政策为外商投资提供了有利条件。Thank you for your manner of business cooperation.我们对你们的合作态度非常满意。We have been working on expanding our scope of cooperation with China.我们一直努力设法扩大与中国的合作范围。We believe in long-term cooperation with China because we view the future as bright.我们相信与中国长期合作的前途是光明的。Words and Phrasestrade prospects/outlook 贸易前景trade cooperation 贸易合作technological cooperation 技术合作business cooperation 业务合作cooperative relationship 合作关系the scope of cooperation 合作范围Additional Words and Phrasestrade fair 贸易展销会trade show 贸易展览trade agreement 贸易协议to establish arrangement 达成协议to reach an agreement 达成协议trade terms/clause 贸易条款trade balance 贸易平衡to conclude a business transaction 达成贸易交易to work with 与...共事business activities 经济活动business house 商行;商号trading department/mechanics 贸易机构trade association 贸易协会the foreign trade department 对外贸易部门C.C.P.I.T.( China Council for the Promotion of International Trade)中国国际贸易促进会Commercial Counselor's Office中国使馆的商务处Chamber of Commerce 商会trading partnership 经营合伙人foreign trade personnel 外贸工作者trading center 贸易中心trading market 贸易市场tradesman/trade peoples 商人,零售商

自考国际商务英语重点归纳

建议你报班去学习吧!自己复习总是有漏洞的,还容易懈怠,报一个复习班会好点吧……

不想跑课就在网上找个口语学习也不错啊,下班晚上上课撒,周末照旧可以玩什么的,也不影响生活!ABC天卞英语我觉得还不错.好. 是在线学习的~每天在家通过网络和老师进行互动交流的形式授课 还挺方便的上课方式 英语专业都会选二外的德语是二外之一。可以选,也可以选别的。但统一都得学门其他语言。如果你学通了的话将来是很吃香的哟。商务英语是经济类英语要学的必修课,只有通过了bbc考试才算有用。而且这个东西只适用于南方,北方一般不承认这个。

不知道适合你不,不过做历年真题也能提高!商务英语课程学习方法一.课程简单介绍经贸英语专业商务英语课程所选用的《商务英语综合教程》,是一套培养学生掌握英语基础知识能力和外贸专业知识的较权威的教材。第一、二册供该专业二年级学生使用,其中第一册侧重英语基础知识和简单外贸术语;第二册侧重外贸写作能力和外贸实务操作能力的培养,通过对该课程的学习,学生的语言能力能够跨上一个新的台阶,知识层次得到提升,为毕业后在公司、企业、金融部门工作打下坚实的基础。二.学习方法在教学过程中,以教师为主导、学生为主体,采用课上随堂练习,小组讨论;课下做作业,自我复习、预习的方法,注重培养学生的系统思维能力和实际解决问题的能力,采用启发式、讨论式的教学方法,发挥学生的能动性和创造性,再加一些具体实践模拟训练法等提高式、研究式的教学方法,尽最大可能调动学生们的积极能动性,以达到最大限度提高教学效率及效果的目的。1. 课堂内:课堂学习之前一定要预习教材,事先.浏览课文的Pre-reading 和Words and Expressions。通过预习,对课文所涉及的话题和课文内容有大致了解,对课文中所要掌握词汇初预习的目的是对教材的内容、重点、难点有一个初步的认识,在上课时由被动变主动,提高学习积极性,提高课堂教学效益。做好四个结合,即课堂教学与实践活动相结合,教师指导和学生独立策划与运作相结合,个人活动和小组活动相结合,校内活动和校外活动相结合。如:课堂教学有讨论、分组活动和情景互动等形式。实践活动分别在校内外进行,形式有实地参观、卖场调查、市场分析、问卷调查和产品推销等。作业形式也多种多样,有名片制作、公司形象设计、问卷表设计、信函写作、电话沟通、电子邮件往来和定向调查等。 上课时专心听老师讲课,从导入新课到重点、难点分析,从词汇、语法、习惯表达到文化内涵,新旧联系,举一反三,教师千方百计地使教材易于为学生接受,并努力拓宽、深化教材内容。因此,学生在上课时一定要使自己顺着老师的思路去理解教材,提高听课质量;带着问题听课。学生在预习中不可能全部理解教材内容,必然有疑问,那么在上课时,就要注意教师释疑解惑的方法,适时地向老师提出自己的看法,展开讨论。这样有的放矢地解决问题,改变在课堂上被动听课的局面;积极参与活动。英语课上老师会组织很多活动,如情景表演、小组讨论等等,学生一定不能放过课堂练习,接受老师当面指导的好机会。课后复习是学好英语的重要因素。要做到及时复习、归纳总结、查漏补缺、引申深化。2. 课堂外:在规定时间内完成Supplemental Exercises部分。有关课文或英语学习中的问题可以与老师或同学讨论。学生在完成教材学习任务后,要主动积极地阅读扩充性学习资料,如英文报刊、杂志、文学读物等。还要充分利用网络媒体,不少英语学习网站为学生提供了良好的实践性学习环境和网络学习环境。课外学习应是提高英语能力的重要渠道。3. 尊重学习和认知的规律, 对于课程中的重点和难点及一些抽象理念,例如销售和谈判,营销, 尽可能利用资源(如多媒体课件)和有实践经验的教师来教学,进行多角度和多层面地模拟情景设计,达到较好的效果。本课程的学习特点是英语基础知识学习与外贸术语和进出口实务相结合,学习的最终目标就是能在实际外贸业务中熟练运用所学知识与技能。该门课程是一门实践性很强的课程,仅靠教师的努力和书面的学习,是绝对不能学好的,学生在掌握了一定的语言知识和学习技巧后,一定要不仅多参加英语实践活动,如英语演讲、英语角等,强化自己的听说技能,而且还要模拟商务谈判、销售商品、签订合同等活动,这样才能提高自己的外贸英语实用能力。

在复习过程中,寻求知识中的要点,抓住要点也就抓住了问题的主干。如复习课文时,就可以把重点词、每段的关键句、承上启下的过渡句等用醒目的颜色标上记号,使这些词句作为记忆的支撑点,抓住几个关键词句,也就抓住了整篇课文的内容;

国际商务英语自考重点词汇

简单的讲就是:与商务有关的英语 + 基本的商务知识。 现在的实际是:与产品出口有关的英语 + 基本商务知识 一、从课程方面来看 主要的:英语函电、国际商务英语、国际贸易实务、经贸资刊。 二、实际学习的内容重点: (1)与出口业务有关的过程,包括:询盘,还盘,磋商和签定合同(英文),制作:装箱单,发票,理解:保险单,提单等。 (2)常见的国际贸易形式,如:代理,投标,拍卖和电子商务等。 (3)熟悉出口业务中,常见的词汇。如:B/L,L/C,Inquiry. (4)能用英文交流,明白其中所涉及的英文含义,其中包括,邮件、电话、面对面等多种方式。 推荐你去学enging电话英语,上述内容都会让你轻松掌握。 简而言之,通过学习商务英语,能熟练运用英语进行与出口业务有关的工作。

可以去网上下载的 一般都是注册之后可以免费下载的

一个月的时间可以完成。先说说,高级英语吧,你买本“一考通”一篇一篇的做,一个月足够了。单词就不用全部背了,来不及的那么多单词。只要看一考通上出现的单词和精华解词。然后再考试前,做几套真题;商务英语,这个不是很清楚。不过你的两门课都是英语,也就是互通的。到时候考试认真做就行。

我的老师说过学英语要有单词基础的啊,课本是辅助的,练习做得多也紧要……

自考国际商务英语重点词汇

国际商务英语短语词组

“商务英语”是商务和英语的结合,英语的语言水平是基本的要求。为了帮助大家,我整理了商务英语短语词组,希望能帮到大家!

商务英语词汇【1】

1. a change of pace 节奏变换

You can’t do these chemistry experiments all day long. You certainly need a change of pace.

2. a far cry from 相距甚远

The published book is far cry from the early manuscript.

3. and how 的确

A: She’s a good dancer.

B: and how.

4. a matter of time 时间问题

It is only a matter of time.

5. a phone call away 一个电话之远,愿意过来帮忙

If you need my help. do let me know. Just remember I am a phone call away.

6. a while back 不久以前

We had a good rain a while back,but we need more now.

7. all along 一直

I knew it all along.

8. anything but 绝对不

I was anything but happy about going.

9. account for 解释

How do you account for it?

10. after all 到底

A: I’ve just seen the X-rays and your teeth look just fine.

B: I see. Then there is nothing to worry about after all.

商务英语词汇【2】

1. allergic to 对……过敏

Oh man! Something in this room is making my eyes itch, I must be allergic to something.

2. at sb’s service 愿为某人服务

I am at your service at any time.

3. around the clock 24小时不停

Martha studied around the clock for management exam.

4. as far as I know 就我所知

As far as I know, we will have a test next Monday.

5. at home with 对…..很熟悉

She is at home with problems like this.

6. back out

1) 退出

A: Wasn’t Bert supposed to sing tonight?

B: Yes. but he backed out at last minute

2) 不履行

She finally backed out of her promise.

7. be cut out for 天生适合

I’m not cut out to be a hero.

8. be absorbed in 沉浸在……

She has been absorbed in a horror fiction. I can’t tear her away.

9. be addicted to 对……上瘾

She has been addicted to drugs for years.

10. be attached to 对……有感情

A: I’m amazed that you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought you would have gotten rid of it years ago.

B: It runs well and I’ve actually been quite attached to it.

商务英语词汇【3】

1. back up

1) 累积

The subway is running behind schedule. and traffic is backed up for blocks. I don’t know if we’ll make the 6:30 show.

2) 支持

I’ll back it up.

2. be bound for 到……地方

The bus is bound for New England.

3. be (feel) myself 找到自我

I’m feeling myself again.

4. be burned up 生气

She was really burned up at the news.

5. be hard up for 缺少

I’m hard up for clothes, but I have a lot of books.

6. be head and shoulders above 好许多

In calculus. Joe is head and shoulders above his classmates.

7. be in the dark 蒙在鼓里

A: Do you have any idea what his notice is about?

B: I’m as in the dark as you are.

8. be stuck 卡住了

I can’t get this window open. It’s stuck.

9. bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂

A: I hear you’re taking an advanced physics course this semester.

B: I think I’ve bitten off more than I can chew.

10. break new ground 有了新的突破

His architectural design broke new ground in the field.

商务英语词汇【4】

1. benefit concert 慈善音乐会

We need to let everyone know about the benefit concert, but we don’t have much money for advertising.

2. busy signal 占线

I’ve been calling David for the past half hour, but I keep getting a busy signal.

3.between you and me 你我之间,保密

Between you and me, I think he’s rather disloyal.

4. call for

A.打电话找

Tom just called for you.

B.预报

The forecast calls for heavy rain again tonight. Aren’t you glad we’ll be getting away from this for a week?

C.问

It’s probably in the new part of town. We’ll have to call for directions.

5. call it a day 就此结束

A: I’m really glad our club decides to raise money for the children’s hospital and most of the people we’ve phoned seemed happy to contribute.

B: Yeah. I agree. Now we’ve gone through all the numbers on our list now, so I guess we can call it a day.

6. cash the check 兑现支票

Have your sister cashed her paycheck?

7. clear off 收拾,整理

It’s about time we clear off the desk.

8. come down (雨,雪)下起来

The heavy rain is coming down. now.

9. come in first 比赛第一名

He came in first in the 100-metre dash.

商务英语词汇【5】

1. get on one’s nerve 招惹某人神经了

A: Why did you come to the meeting late? I left a message with your roommate about the time change.

B: She has a very short memory and it really gets on my nerve sometimes.

2. get started on 开始做

We should get started on the project.

3. get time off from work 从工作中抽时间

Oh. so she was able to get time off from the work.

4. give credibility to 相信

A: did you hear about Jim?

B: I wouldn’t give that rumor any credibility.

5. go easy on 温和对待

Well. since it’s your first and only ticket. the judge will probably go easy on you.

6. go in one ear and out the other 一耳朵进,一耳朵出

Well. you know Mike. everything’s in one ear and out the other.

7. go jogging 去跑步

Are you ready to go jogging?

8. go to one’s head 某人自负

A: Have you noticed how John’s changed since he became student government president?

B: I think the whole thing has gone to his head. and he used to be so sociable and open.

9. got the time 几点了

A: Got the time?

B: It’s a little after ten.

商务英语词汇【6】

1. graduation announcements 毕业典礼请柬

Have you ordered your graduation announcements?

2. graon about 抱怨

How come Michael’s always groaning about something?

3. guest lecturer 客座教授

The only person who understood the guest lecturer was the professor.

4. hand-me-down 送的东西

A: What a gorgeous jacket. It must have cost a fortune.

B: Not at all. It’s a hand-me-down.

5. hand down 易如反掌

Lee won the chess match hands down.

6. have a way with 擅长

Bonnie really has a way with words.

7. have had it with 处于

I’ve had it with being sick in bed. I’ve read most of these magazines twice.

8. head and shoulders above 高出许多

In computer programming. Susan is head and shoulders above the rest of us.

9. hit the spots 特别好

This lemonade sure hits the spots.

10. hold the grudge 记仇

A: I wish I hadn’t hurt Mary’s feelings like that. You know I never meant to.

B: The great thing about Mary is that she doesn’t hold the grudge.

商务英语词汇【7】

1. I have seen worse 我见过更糟的'

I have never seen a worse case of mouth disease.

2. in advance 提前

It’s a really nice apartment. But the owners want two-month rent in advance and I just don ’t have it.

3. in case 万一

Let’s take our suits along in case the sun comes out.

4. in next to no time 马上

A: Are you going to be using the copying machine long?

B: I’ll be through in next to no time.

5. in the red 赤字

Jack often runs his father’s company in the red.

6. in the works 正在准备阶段

An advanced course in theoretical chemistry is the works.

7. keep to oneself 只有自己知道

But one tried to put a good face on it and keep them to oneself.

8. kill time 浪费时间

Gosh. what can we do to kill the next 10 hours?

9. leave…up to somebody 把……留给某人

We’ll have to leave the decision up to him.

商务英语词汇【8】

1. letter of recommendation 推荐信

I think I deserve a letter of recommendation.

2. look on the bright sides of things 看事物的光明面

Don’t be worried, you should always look on the bright side of things.

3. no kidding 不是开玩笑吧

No kidding! He was only getting at you.

4. on the tip of one’s tongue 就在舌尖

A: Are you sure you can’t remember the name of that record?

B: It’s just on the tip of my tongue!

5. quitting time 下课时间

I’m glad it’s almost quitting time.

6. take it over 重修

Don failed physics and had to take it over.

7. than necessary 比应该的要冷

The lab was cooler than necessary.

8. That’s easer said than done. 说来容易做来难

We talk about reducing our costs, but it’s easier said than done.

9. There is nothing to it. 没什么,很容易

I can run this projector. There’s really nothing to it.

10. with flying colors 成功

A: How did Ellen do on her American History exam?

B: She passed with flying colors.

11. You can bet your life 当然

A: Will Prof. Smith come to class on time?

B: You can bet your life.

【导读】在工作中,特别是很多国家公司,不少小伙伴要面对不仅有英语文件,还要经常出差,常常因为语言不过关,而耽误行程,而商务英语考试对此也是专门将此作为重点板块进行考察,下面我们就一起来了解一下BEC商务英语考试重点词汇:机场行程,希望对大家有所帮助。

aboard (对乘客)请上船(飞机、火车等)

seat belt安全带

tray table 飞机座位上用餐的小桌板

mineral water 矿泉水

flight attendant/ steward 乘务员

seat number 座位号

window seat 靠窗的座位

aisle seat 靠走道座位

captain 机长

altitude 飞行高度

take off 起飞

land 降落

weather forecast 天气预报

time difference 时差

feel upset 感觉恶心,感觉不舒服

sick 难受

restroom/lavatory 洗手间

flying altitude 飞行高度

get off 下飞机

standstill 完全停稳

到站大厅 ——arrival hall

非吸烟区 non-smoking section

办理登机手续的柜台 the check in counter

行李暂存箱 luggage locker

行李领取厅——Baggage hall

行李领取处luggage claim; baggage claim

机场费——airport fee

出站(出港、离开)——departures

国际机场——international airport

登机手续办理——check-in

国内机场——domestic airport

登机牌——boarding pass (card)

机场候机楼——airport terminal

护照检查处——passport control immigration

国际候机楼——international terminal

国际航班出港——international departure

国际航班旅客——international passengers

国内航班出站——domestic departure

卫星楼——satellite

中转——transfers

中转旅客——transfer passengers

中转处——transfer correspondence

入口——in/ entrence

出口——exit(out/wayout)

过境——transit

进站(进港、到达)——arrivals

报关物品——goods to declare

不需报关——nothing to declare

海关——customs

贵宾室——V.I.P. room

购票处——ticket office

兑现处——cash

候机室——departure lounge

登机口——gate(departure gate)

登机——boarding

由此乘电梯前往登机——stairs and lifts to departures

航班号——FLT No(flight number)

出租车——taxi

出租车乘车点——Taxi pick-up point

来自……——arriving from

大轿车乘车点——coach pick-up point

预计时间——scheduled time(SCHED)

航空公司汽车服务处——airline coach service

实际时间——actual

租车处(旅客自己驾车)——car hire

公共汽车——bus(coach/service)

公用电话——public phone(telephone)

已降落——landed

起飞时间——departure time

延误——delayed

前往……——departure to

厕所——toilet(W.C/lavatories/restroom)

男厕——men′s(gent′s/gentlemen′s)

女厕——women′s(lady′s)

餐厅——restaurant

迎宾处——greeting arriving

由此上楼——up(upstairs)

由此下楼——down(downstairs)

酒吧——bar

咖啡馆——coffee shop(café)

免税店——duty-free shop

银行——bank

邮局——post office

货币兑换处——money exchange(currency exchange)

出售火车票——rail ticket

订旅馆——hotel reservation

旅行安排——tour arrangement

行李牌——luggage tag

以上就是小编今天给大家整理发布的关于“BEC商务英语考试重点词汇:机场行程”的相关内容,希望对各位考生有所帮助。随着社会的发展,英语变得越来越重要,那么如何给孩子做英语启蒙就显得很重要了,科学有效的方法可以取得事半功倍的效果哦!

到现在我都没看到详细的商务英语词汇,先给你一些外贸英语中常见的,其他的恐怕你还是得买书慢慢看 1 C&F (cost&freight)成本加运费价 2 T/T (telegraphic transfer)电汇 3 D/P (document against payment)付款交单 4 D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单 5 C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证 6 G.S.P. (generalized system of preferences)普惠制 7 CTN/CTNS (carton/cartons)纸箱 8 PCE/PCS (piece/pieces)只、的个、的支等 9 DL/DLS (dollar/dollars)美元 10 DOZ/DZ (dozen)一打 11 PKG (package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等 12 WT (weight)重量 13 G.W. (gross weight)毛重 14 N.W. (net weight)净重 15 C/D (customs declaration)报关单 16 EA (each)每个,各 17 W (with)具有 18 w/o (without)没有 19 FAC (facsimile)传真 20 IMP (import)进口 21 EXP (export)出口 22 MAX (maximum)最大的、的最大限度的 23 MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度 24 M 或MED (medium)中等,中级的 25 M/V (merchant vessel)商船 26 S.S (steamship)船运 27 MT或M/T (metric ton)公吨 28 DOC (document)文件、的单据 29 INT (international)国际的 30 P/L (packing list)装箱单、的明细表 31 INV (invoice)发票 32 PCT (percent)百分比 33 REF (reference)参考、的查价 34 EMS (express mail special)特快传递 35 STL. (style)式样、的款式、的类型 36 T或LTX或TX(telex)电传 37 RMB (renminbi)人民币 38 S/M (shipping marks)装船标记 39 PR或PRC (price) 价格 40 PUR (purchase)购买、的购货 41 S/C (sales contract)销售确认书 42 L/C (letter of credit)信用证 43 B/L (bill of lading)提单 44 FOB (free on board)离岸价 45 CIF (cost,insurance&freight)成本、的保险加运费价 补充: CR=credit贷方,债主 DR=debt借贷方 (注意:国外常说的debt card,就是银行卡,credit card就是信誉卡。这里都是指银行和财务公司说的,你的银行卡,是你将钱放入银行,银行是“借贷方”,所以叫做debt卡。用credit卡,是你从银行或者财政公司借钱,银行或公司是“贷方”,所就叫credit。) Exp=Expense花费,费用 O/H=overhead常用开支 TC=total cost总费用 FC=fixed cost常设费用 VC=variable cost变动费用 P=profit竟利润 S=sales销售总额 Rev=revenue利润 MC=marginal cost费用差额 GM=gross margin毛利 MR=marginal revenue利润差额 A/R=acount receivable待收款(销售后,记账以后收取。) A/P=account payable代付费(花费后记账,以后付费。) PMT=payment支付款 N/I=net income纯收入 AMT=amount数额 DCT=discount打折

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